5. GEOGRAPHY
• the science of location
•the study of spatial relationships,
(context &interconnectedness)
•an integrated science that uses
knowledge from many disciplines
6. DIVISIONS OF GEOGRAPHY
C U L T U R A L G E O G R A P H Y
H u m a n C u lt u r e s
U r b a n G e o g r a p h y
E c o n o m ic G e o g r a p h y
P H Y S I C A L G E O G R A P H Y
E a r t h S c ie n c e s
B io - g e o g r a p h y
W e a t h e r & C lim a t e
T E C H N O L O G I C A L G E O G R A P H Y
G e o g r a p h ic I n fo r m a t io n S y s t e m s
Q u a n t a t a t iv e G e o g r a p h y
R e m o t e S e n s in g
T H E W O R L D O F G E O G R A P H Y
7. TOPICAL VS. REGIONAL
APPROACH TO STUDYING
GEOGRAPHY
• Topical or Thematic
Studies
– climate
– vegetation
– landforms
– hydrology
– plate tectonics
– soils
• Regional Studies
– North America
– Africa
– East Asia
– USA
– California
– Sacramento region
8. California Geography
• Geography: The study of where things are.
• California: A political unit with distinct
boundaries, and territory
• California Geography: the study of the
location of, context and interaction of
phenomenon within the state of California
19. GLOBES & MAPS
• Globe: a spherical model of the earth
that maintains area, shape distance
& direction
• Map: a flat representation of a globe
that allows distortion
20. MAP BASICS
• Maps may show
–Shape of objects
–Area of objects
–Distance to Objects
–Direction
21. MAP BASICS
• Maps must include
–Title
–Legend or Key
–Compass Rose
–Scale
22. SCALE
• Scale: the relationship between units on
the map and actual distance on the
ground
• Written Scale: one inch equals one mile
• Linear Scale: |---------|---------|----------|
• Ratio Scale: 1:63,360
26. GEOGRAPHIC GRID
• REFERENCE POINTS
• Equator - A great circle that divides the
globe into two equal halves or
hemispheres of north and south.
Located at 0 ° latitude
• North and South Poles - located at right
angles or 90° from the plane of the
equator.
27. GEOGRAPHIC GRID
• REFERENCE POINTS
• Prime Meridian: The meridian, designated
as 0° E, W longitude, that passes
through the Royal Observatory at
Greenwich, England.
• International Date Line: An arc that follows
180° longitude E,W. When crossing the
date line, the calendar is turned forward
or backward one day, depending on
direction of travel.