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Reaping the
Rewards of
Worksite
Wellness
A special report
brought to you by:


Authors:
Ken Holtyn, President & Founder, Holtyn & Associates
Judd R. Allen, PhD
Bruce F. Fetzer, MBA
Max A. Heirich, PhD
Employers and employees are engaged in an epic
                                                struggle to change unhealthy lifestyles. Each year most
                                                employees and most employers make efforts to achieve
                                                lifestyle improvement goals. Unfortunately, few
                                                individuals achieve their health improvement goals for
                                                more than a few months. And, most worksite health
                                                promotion initiatives achieve only small changes in
                                                overall health behavior within the workforce.
                                                A new, and hopefully more effective, health promotion model combines
                                                individual change strategies with efforts to create supportive cultural environ-
                                                ments. The purposes of the culture change effort would be to increase:
                                                (1) participation in initial screenings and assessments; (2) lifestyle change
                                                program engagement rates, (3) lifestyle change success rates, and (4)
                                                employees’ abilities to maintain positive practices and to avoid new health risks.

                                                The University of Michigan Worker Health Program demonstrated the value of
                                                combining individual initiative with supportive environments. In a comparison
                                                of 4 worksites, the combined approach yielded more dramatic and sustained
                                                results. Over the past 20 years, Holtyn & Associates, LLC has combined
                         “ A new model
                        promotion
                                  health        individual counseling and assessment with culture change to reduce cardiovas-
                                                cular risks. Four case studies are offered to illustrate the impact of a model
                               combines         that simultaneously addresses individual and cultural change.
                      individual change
                         strategies with        There is a growing consensus that healthy lifestyle practices such as physical
                        efforts to create       activity, healthy eating, not smoking, social engagement and avoiding heavy
                     supportive cultural        drinking are important to preventing illness and extending life. A poll of
                         environments.          workers will quickly verify that most employees are trying to improve their
                                            ”   health practices.1 The vast majority of employees attempt to achieve at least
                                                one health-related lifestyle goal each year. 1 Few business leaders doubt that
                                                it is difficult to work while sick.2 More than 90% of employers with 200 or
                                                more workers offer wellness programs.3 More than half of smaller employers
                                                offer at least one wellness program. 3

© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                        HoltynHPC.com   HopeHealth.com
If motivation and intent were all that is required for wellness, Americans would
                                               be fit, trim and addiction free. Sadly, this is not even close to being the case.
                                               The percentage of Americans who adhere to all four of the most basic lifestyle
                                               prescriptions for good health — not smoking, maintaining a healthy weight,
                                               eating adequate fruits and vegetables, and getting physical activity — is a
                                               dismal 3%.4 Lifestyle improvement success rates among most workers usually
                                               fall below 20%.1 Less than a quarter of workers achieve their desired behavior
                                               change goals for more than a few months. 1 For most wellness activities, the end
                                               of the activity also marks a precipitous decline in the health behavior and
                                               a return to unhealthy practice.5 As Dr. Dee Edington, of the University of
                                               Michigan’s Health Management Research Center put it, a reasonable health
                                               promotion program goal is to “just don’t get worse.”6

                                               We may make jokes about the fate of this year’s “health resolutions,” but the
                                               implications are not all that funny.
                                                       • Approximately 40% of all the deaths in the United States are
                                                         premature – at least 900,000 deaths annually.7
                                                       • Lifestyle-related chronic diseases account for an estimated 70% of
                                                         the nations medical care costs.8

                                               High lifestyle change failure rates undermine enthusiasm for wellness initia-
                                               tives. Medical professionals are reluctant to give lifestyle change prescriptions
                                               that few patients can fill.9 Managers lack confidence in corporate wellness
                                               programs.2 They realize that lifestyle change is very difficult.2 They are
                                               reluctant to subject the majority of their employees to failure.2 Employees are
                        We may make
                      “
                  jokes about the fate
                                               demanding greater incentives for participation in wellness programs.10

                 of this year’s “health        One study of 36 employers found that without an incentive, less than 20 percent
                 resolutions,” but the         of employees completed health assessments.10 This study concluded that cash
                  implications are not         incentives between $200 and $600 were optimal. This “optimal” level of award
                         all that funny.       for health assessments is much more than what most employers spend
                                           ”   on their entire wellness program including activities that are designed to help
                                               employees change their health practices.




© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                      HoltynHPC.com   HopeHealth.com
Much of the economic research to date has been devoted to documenting the
                                            high costs of medical care, lost productivity and illness that results from poor
                                            health practices.7,8 Research has also been devoted to calculating return on
                                            investment. Current estimates show that most wellness programs more than
                                            pay for themselves.11 One analysis showed that a comprehensive wellness pro-
                                            gram could break even if participation in shifting just 1% of employees from high
                                            risk to low risk status.12 Unfortunately, the economic research has not resulted
                                            in proportional investment in wellness programming. A typical company and
                                            health plan spends less than $500 per employee annually on wellness programs.
                                            This investment is far less than one monthly installment for an employee’s
                                            health insurance.

                                            It is time to refocus the health promotion research agenda on developing
                                            program designs that achieve high lifestyle improvement success rates and that
                                            increase the overall prevalence of healthy lifestyle practices. Statistically signif-
                                            icant differences between treatment and control groups will not be enough to
                                            make wellness a serious business proposition. Attention needs to turn to mean-
                                            ingful — not just statically greater than chance or temporary — increases in the
                                            prevalence of healthy practices. Employers and employees are convinced that
                                            healthy lifestyles are very beneficial and they are equally convinced that it is
                                            very difficult to achieve healthy lifestyles. A commitment of resources
                                            and enthusiasm will be more likely when people have a reasonable chance of
                                            achieving their lifestyle goals.

                                            The focus on the individual
                “A typicalhealth plan
                            company         lifestyle change
                    and
                                            Many worksite wellness programs are directed at individual change
                    spends less than        (see Figure 1, on the next page). The individual change approach draws upon the
                  $500 per employee         disciplines of medicine and psychology. This approach holds that lifestyle
                 annually on wellness       improvement is derived from individual participation in wellness activities such
                           programs.        as health assessments, telephone coaching and use of health information web-
                                        ”   sites. Efforts to increase participation and success have focused on: (1) tailoring
                                            programs to individual readiness and preferences, (2) using principles of
                                            positive psychology that emphasize personal strengths, and (3) offering
                                            incentives to individual participants.


© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                     HoltynHPC.com   HopeHealth.com
Figure 1
                                                Wellness Models Focused on Individual Behavior



                                                ¬¬¬
                                                ¬¬         health
                                                      assessment
                                                                     participation
                                                                      in wellness
                                                                        programs
                                                                                       health
                                                                                     behavior
                                                                                      change
                                                                                                       health
                                                                                                          and
                                                                                                  productivity
                                                                                                                     financial
                                                                                                                      benefit



                                                Programs that focus on individual change frequently use personal health
                                                assessments (also known as health risk appraisals) as a starting point in the
                                                wellness program process. The assessment is designed to assist the individual
                                                in setting health behavior goals. Assessment results are often used to
                                                determine which programs are likely to be of interest and/or benefit to the
                                                individual. The personal health assessment is commonly used as a gateway and
                                                referral mechanism to behavior change programs.

                                                Adding supportive environments
                                                to the wellness model
                                                The supportive environments approach is directed at creating physical and
                                                social conditions that promote health behavior. The environmental approach is
                                                seen in the behavioral science disciplines of public health, social psychology,
                                                anthropology and sociology. The following interventions are examples of the
                                                environmental approach to wellness.
                                                   • When an organization commits time, space and equipment to promoting
                                                   healthy lifestyles, the healthy choice can become the easier choice. An
                        “The personal
                      health assessment
                                                   example would be to include healthy choices in vending machines.
                                                   • Creating wellness norms makes healthy lifestyles “the way we do things
                      is commonly used             around here.” For example, healthy norms have been established for
                            as a gateway           wearing car safety belts.
                             and referral
                                                   • Social influences such as modeling, traditions, communication and rewards
                           mechanism to
                                                   can also reinforce positive lifestyle practices. Leadership participation in
                        behavior change            wellness programming is an example of such supportive social influences.
                               programs.
                                            ”      • Supportive peers can help reduce barriers to change and offer needed
                                                   guidance. Mentoring, mutual support groups, group wellness contests, sports
                                                   teams and household wellness programs are examples of efforts to foster
                                                   positive peer support.


© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                      HoltynHPC.com   HopeHealth.com
Fostering a supportive culture has been identified as among the best practices
                                               in worksite health promotion programs.13 One analysis of 52 studies published
                                               from 1990 to 2003 found that the most effective worksite interventions include:
                                                  • Environmental supports for behavior change
                                                    (e.g., access to healthy foods).
                                                  • Financial and/or other incentives (e.g., lower health insurance
                                                    premiums, free gym memberships).
                                                  • Corporate policies that support healthy lifestyles (e.g.,
                                                    tobacco free mandates, health care coverage for preventive services).
                                                  • Frequent and simple heart disease and stroke prevention messages
                                                    (e.g.,posters, newsletters, e-mails).14

                                               The environment has a number of potential functions within a wellness
                                               program model. The following diagram shows the multiple roles of environ-
                                               mental support in achieving financial benefits.

                                               Figure 2
                                               Wellness Model of Individual
                                               ¬
                                               and Environmental Support
                                               ¬
                                                                                                                        environmental
                                               ¬
                                               ¬
                                               ¬

                                                                                                                           support
                                                                    environmental




                                                                                    environmental
                                                    environmental




                                                                                                     maintain healthy
                                                                       support




                                                                                       support
                                                       support




                                                                                                        behavior




                         “ Fostering a
                      supportive culture
                   has been identified
                    as among the best
                  practices in worksite
                     health promotion
                             programs.
                                               ¬¬¬
                                               ¬¬         health
                                                     assessment
                                                                    participation
                                                                     in wellness
                                                                       programs
                                                                                        health
                                                                                      behavior
                                                                                       change
                                                                                                         health
                                                                                                            and
                                                                                                    productivity



                                               As can be seen in Figure 2, the creation of a supportive environment offers
                                               a number of benefits that are less likely in programs that exclusively target
                                               individual change.
                                                                                                                                        financial
                                                                                                                                         benefit




                                           ”      • Environmental influences touch a cross-section of employees. A personal
                                                  health assessment is not a prerequisite to being influenced by supportive
                                                  environments. The environment is a way to reach those who might not
                                                  otherwise participate.



© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                            HoltynHPC.com                HopeHealth.com
• Environmental support plays a role in stemming the flow to higher risk
                                                   behavior. New unhealthy practices such as overeating and smoking are often
                                                   the result of social influences. Unsupportive environmental conditions can be
                                                   barriers to maintaining positive practices such as regular physical activity.
                                                   • Environmental support plays a role in lasting lifestyle change. Individual
                                                   initiative and focus are important ingredients to success. A supportive
                                                   environment makes it more likely that people will continue with the
                                                   behavior once the initial push for change subsides.
                                                   • Environmental support plays a role in wellness program participation. An
                                                   established tradition of completing an annual health assessment would,
                                                   for example, increase the ease of administrating such health assessments.
                                                    A work climate of trust and openness is often required for employees to feel
                                                   comfortable participating in wellness programs that require self-disclosure
                                                   and risk-taking.

                                                Support for combining individual
                                                support with supportive
                                                environments
                                                Combining support for individual change with supportive environments
                                                makes intuitive sense. Such a combined approach would be a logical extension
                                                of affirmative research findings with both the individual change approach —
                                                as seen in health coaching, tailored messaging, and the benefits health
                                                information Websites — as well as research on the impact of supportive
                             “Combining
                              support for
                                                environments — as seen in the impact of seat belt laws and smoking
                                                restrictions.
                       individual change
                         with supportive        The University of Michigan Worker Health Program conducted a comparison
                           environments         of the relative effectiveness of four different models of worksite cardiac risk
                         makes intuitive        prevention.15, 16 Baseline screening was conducted in four manufacturing plants.
                                   sense.       Site 1 offered screening only, with referral recommendations for those found to
                                            ”   have cardiovascular disease risks. Site 2 also provided health education
                                                information and classes. Site 3 added routine follow-up counseling and a menu
                                                of intervention types, and Site 4 added social organization within the plant.



© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                      HoltynHPC.com   HopeHealth.com
At the beginning of the study the four worksites were comparable in size,
                                              demographic make-up of the workforce, and health risks identified at the
                                              initial screening. All worksites achieved 75% or higher participation in the initial
                                              health screenings, with help from local wellness committees that encouraged
                                              participation. Three years later health outcomes were strikingly different: health
                                              risks profiles either were unchanged or had deteriorated at sites 1 and 2.
                                              However, where pro-active outreach and follow-up were deployed (at sites 3
                                              and 4), impressive reductions in cardiovascular risks occurred. The best results
                                              were found at site 4, where special attention was placed on creating a
                                              supportive cultural environment. The methods used in sites 3 and 4 were equally
                                              effective with blue collar, white collar, and managerial employees, with men
                                              and women, and with different races and ethnic groups.

                                              Case studies using the integrated,
                                              comprehensive model
                                              In 1987, Holtyn & Associates, LLC adopted a worksite health promotion model
                                              that combines frequent one-to-one assessments and coaching with
                                              developing supportive cultural environments. Cultural outcomes include
                                              developing cultures of wellness, active integrated wellness committees,
                                              modification and development of workplace policies, conducting ongoing
                                              promotions, and providing communications support. Low risk participants
                                              receive one-to-one coaching twice per year, but high risk participants receive
                              Over the        it four times. Biometric testing, fitness testing, and self-report of health
                                  “
                         past 23 years,
                                              behavior are included in the periodic meetings with the wellness coach. Holtyn
                                              & Associates, LLC developed a custom online, real time management feedback
                   Holtyn & Associates,       system whereby middle-managers are able to track cultural support, program
                        LLC has served        participation and aggregate health behavior among their workgroups. In
                        approximately         addition, online, real time, health status and health trend reports are
                         500 small and        available for participants, to supplement educational support and interaction
                         medium sized         with coaches between assessments. The Holtyn & Associates, LLC model costs
                            employers.        $350 per employee, per year which still compares favorably with the cost of
                                          ”   other programs that have comparable incentive costs, just to get participants
                                              to complete a personal health assessment.




© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                       HoltynHPC.com   HopeHealth.com
Over the past 23 years, Holtyn & Associates, LLC has served approximately 500
                                  small and medium sized employers. The following case studies were selected to
                                  reflect programming experiences across business sectors.

                                  Case Study #1
                                  Kalamazoo County Government
                                  • Employees: 770 • Program duration: 3 years

                                  Highlights
                                  Kalamazoo County Government recently performed a claims analysis for the two
                                  years prior to the wellness program and three years after starting the wellness
                                  program in 2006. The County documented a savings of 3 million dollars during
                                  the wellness program period that they attribute to the wellness program. The
                                  County’s 2009 health insurance claims experience increase for its self-funded
                                  plan was only 1%.

                                  Case Study #2
                                  Kalamazoo Valley Community
                                  College, Kalamazoo, MI
                                  • Employees: 425 • Program duration: 10 years

                                  Highlights
                                  KVCC is a CDC best practice worksite and was studied by the CDC Swift Worksite
                                  Assessment and Translation (SWAT) team in 2004. KVCC has maintained low
                                  single digit health claims cost increases with its self-funded plan since 2004,
                                  KVCC has not reduced coverage or plan design and attributes the savings to its
                                  vibrant wellness program. Other locally comparable employers have been
                                  receiving double digit premium cost increases.

                                  Participants in KVCC’s wellness program have maintained very high rates of
                                  health risk elimination over multiple years. Since 2004, over 60% of wellness
                                  program participants have zero cardiovascular disease heart risk factors. In
                                  addition, 95% of wellness program participants would recommend the program
                                  to others.


© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                       HoltynHPC.com   HopeHealth.com
Case Study #3 and #4
                                  Flexfab, Inc. and
                                  Hastings Fiberglass, Hastings MI
                                    Flexfab, Inc.                                Hastings Fiberglass
                                    Employees: 371                               Employees: 76
                                    Participation: 92%                           Program duration: 6 years
                                    Spouses: 111
                                    Program duration: 6 years
                                    Multiple sites
                                    An elastomeric engineering company           Since 1959, Hastings Fiberglass has
                                    that manufactures products using silicone    designed and fabricated fiber glass
                                    rubber and other elastomers. Flexfab         products and tools for electrical
                                    specializes in the design of high perform-   power and communications.
                                    ance hose, lightweight ducts, flexible
                                    connectors, boots, bellows, sleeves,
                                    special shaped aerospace products.


                                  Highlights
                                  Flexfab and Hastings Fiberglass work together to promote wellness in the small
                                  rural town of Hastings. Their two wellness committees develop community
                                  events, including weight contests and a 5 kilometer walk and run.

                                  Flexfab includes spouses in the wellness program. Spouses have also reduced
                                  health risks. The addition of spouses reinforces the cultural support aspects
                                  of the wellness program to include family, in addition to supervisors, peers
                                  and friends.


                                  Risk factor reduction
                                  The primary goal of Holtyn & Associates, LLC has been to measure and reduce
                                  the following cardiovascular risk factors: (1) physical inactivity, (2) high BP,
                                  (3) cholesterol≥200, (4) heavy weight and at-risk waist circumference,
                                  (5) smoking, (6) elevated glucose, (7) high stress, (8) low coping, (9) depression,
                                  (10) high alcohol intake, (11) high fat consumption, and (12) low fruit/vegeta-
                                  bles/fiber consumption. Figure 3 on the next page, shows a representative
                                  aggregate risk reduction for a college, two manufacturing companies and
                                  a municipality.
© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                              HoltynHPC.com     HopeHealth.com
Figure 3
                                                 Aggregate Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Among
                                                 Sample of Holtyn & Associates, LLC Clients
                                           70%                                                      Start — 1,000 Employees
                                           60%               70%
                                                                                                    5 Years Later
                                           50%
                                           40%     49%
                                           30%
                                                                                 33%
                                           20%                                             24%
                                           10%                                                                        18% 6%
                                           0
                                                 Low 0-2 Risks                 Medium 3-4 Risks                     High 5+ Risks

                                                 Holtyn & Associates, LLC utilizes biometric tests, a measurement of fitness and
                                                 health behavior self-reports to assess employee health risks. As can be seen in
                                                 Table 1 on the next page, dramatic reductions in health risks have occurred. This
                                                 is in contrast to companies that set a goal of “not getting any worse.” 6 National
                                                 population health risks have been trending towards higher risk.6 Instead, the
                                                 Holtyn population trends toward eliminating health risks. The Holtyn data is
                                                 significant, because it includes the addition of new entrants into the wellness
                                                 program, who tend to be less healthy. The Holtyn & Associates, LLC model
                                                 creates high participant retention while continually recruiting new employees.
                                                 Other programs typically experience high attrition rates, as participants fall short
                                                 of their goals and drop out of the program.18
                          The Holtyn &
                          “
                         Associates, LLC
                   model creates high            Participation results
                  participant retention          In the Holtyn & Associates, LLC model, employees must receive a biometric
                   while it continually          assessment and coaching session at least annually to be considered active in
                           recruits new          the program. Table 1 shows individual participation rates.
                            employees.
                                           ”


© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                          HoltynHPC.com    HopeHealth.com
Table 1
                                                  Coaching Participation Rates

                                                                                                    Participation in One-to-One
                                                               Organization                              Wellness Coaching

                                                      Flexfab, Inc.                                             86%

                                                      Hastings Fiberglass                                       100%

                                                      Kalamazoo Valley Community College                        83%

                                                      Kalamazoo County Government                               79%

                                                  Holtyn & Associates, LLC establishes wellness committees that are engaged in
                                                  creating a supportive environment. These committees must include a cross-
                                                  section of employees and organizational leaders. All Holtyn & Associates, LLC
                                                  clients have established ongoing, active wellness committees.


                                                  Culture change findings
                                                  Holtyn & Associates, LLC works with wellness committees to create supportive
                                                  cultural environments. Cultural support for clients is measured using survey
                                                  items found in the Lifegain Health Culture Audit.17 Wellness program participants
                                                  rate their agreement to the statements in Table 2 on the next page, on a scale
                                                  of 1-5, where 1 is “strongly disagree” and 5 is “strongly agree”. Table 2 provides
                               “ HoltynLLC&
                             Associates,
                                                  comparisons over the most recent five year period.

                  works with wellness
                       committees to
                    create supportive
                              cultural
                       environments.
                                              ”

© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                          HoltynHPC.com   HopeHealth.com
Table 2
                                  Three Year Trends in Cultural Support

                                                                                                                        Overall
                                                   Culture Question                                        Initial                    Most recent

                                       Environmental Cultural Support
                                       My company leaders are models for a
                                       healthy lifestyle                                                     3.18                       3.47**

                                       This company demonstrates its
                                       commitment to supporting healthy
                                       lifestyles through its use of resources
                                       such as time, space and money.                                        3.60                       3.94**

                                       People at this company are taught
                                       skills needed to achieve a healthy
                                       lifestyle.                                                            3.25                       3.76**

                                       New employees at our workplace are
                                       made aware of the organization's
                                       support for healthy lifestyles.                                       3.30                       3.63**

                                       People are rewarded and recognized
                                       for efforts to live a healthy lifestyle.                              3.11                       3.67**

                                       Peer Support
                                       My immediate supervisor supports
                                       my efforts to adopt healthier
                                       lifestyle practices.                                                  3.60                       3.70*
                                       Coworkers support one another in
                                       efforts to adopt healthier lifestyle
                                       practices.                                                            3.71                       3.85**

                                       My friends support one another in
                                       efforts to adopt healthier lifestyle
                                       practices.                                                            3.91                       3.91

                                       My family members and/or house-
                                       mates support one another in efforts
                                       to adopt healthier lifestyle practices.                               4.03                       4.03

                                  The level of statistical significance from a t-test comparison are indicated with ** significant at p<.0001 and * significant at p<.05.
                                  Aggregate of 2,837 employees from manufacturing, governmental, lower and higher educational scores.




© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                                       HoltynHPC.com         HopeHealth.com
Cultural support measures have significantly improved in Holtyn & Associates,
                                               LLC clients. Additionally, scores in environmental support show strong,
                                               consistent improvement. However, peer support at the worksite significantly
                                               improved, but perceived support from family and friends, while high, did not
                                               improve.


                                               Outlook
                                               Wellness programs are now widespread, particularly among large employers.
                                               The evidence for individual health improvement has persuaded most individu-
                                               als and organizations to pursue wellness. It will be important to capitalize on the
                                               current high degree of interest by creating programming models that are likely
                                               to achieve higher levels of sustained change. Worker Health Program research
                                               and Holtyn & Associates, LLC case studies provide preliminary evidence which
                                               indicates that significant added value can be achieved by including culture
                                               change initiatives.

                                               That employers and employees across the country are attempting to address
                                               health risks is encouraging. The evidence for economic and health benefits that
                                               could result is compelling. Unfortunately, however, high lifestyle-change failure
                                               rates currently undermine enthusiasm for wellness initiatives. Current models
                                               that focus exclusively on individual change are not producing substantial
                                               lifestyle improvements among the majority of employees. Dramatic improve-

                         “for individual
                          The evidence         ments in the effectiveness of workplace wellness programs will be needed to
                                               meet the lifestyle challenges faced by Americans.
                  health improvement
                        has persuaded          Attention must turn to the best strategies for achieving meaningful and
                     most individuals          permanent lifestyle improvements. Current evidence suggests that such a
                                               wellness model will have to address both the individual and organizational
                    and organizations
                                               environment. Findings reported here show results that can be achieved with an
                             to pursue
                                               intervention model which combines both approaches.
                             wellness.
                                           ”

© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                        HoltynHPC.com   HopeHealth.com
The role of communication in
                                  changing workplace culture
                                  Holtyn & Associates, LLC has partnered with Hope Health for more than 20 years
                                  to bring high-quality, easy-to-read communication tools to their clients.

                                  Holtyn’s clients use either the HOPE Health Letter® or eMazine™ electronic health
                                  letter to communicate with their employees. Many choose to customize these
                                  publications with their company-specific articles, employee achievements,
                                  community events and more to drive home the value of their programs and
                                  services. For more information on Hope Health’s products and services,
                                  visit HopeHealth.com.




© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                         HoltynHPC.com   HopeHealth.com
References
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© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                             HoltynHPC.com   HopeHealth.com
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                                  Organization. American Journal of Health Promotion, 1991; 5(6); 438-448.
                                  16
                                    Foote, A, Erfurt JC & Konopka, B. Worksite Physical Fitness Programs: Comparing
                                  the Impact of Different Program Designs on Cardiovascular Risks, Journal of
                                  Occupational Medicine 1993; 35(5); 510–517.
                                  17
                                   Allen, J. Wellness Leadership: Creating supportive environments for healthier
                                  and more productive employees. Burlington, Vermont: Healthyculture.com,
                                  pgs. 101-103.
                                  18
                                    Baker, K., Goetzel, R., Xiaofei, P., Weiss, A., et el. Using a Return-On-Investment
                                  Estimation Model to Evaluate Outcomes From an Obesity Management Worksite
                                  Health Promotion Program. JOEM • Volume 50, Number 9, September 2008, pg. 985.
                                  Results Section reported a 42% drop out rate in phone coaching.




© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                            HoltynHPC.com   HopeHealth.com
About Holtyn & Associates, LLC
                                  Ken Holtyn, President of Holtyn & Associates LLC and Corporate Wellness Advisor, has
                                  provided wellness and health promotion services for over 25 years to more than 500
                                  businesses.

                                  Ken has served as member of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Advisory Panel
                                  “Best Practice Benchmarking Project” for worksite health and productivity management.

                                  He is also Chair of the Business Group for the State of Michigan, "Michigan Steps Up"
                                  campaign.

                                  Recognized nationally and internationally as a leader in the field of workplace health and
                                  wellness promotion, Ken testified in Washington D.C. before the U.S. Surgeon General and
                                  the Secretaries Council of Health and Human Services on the status of small business health
                                  promotion.

                                  Holtyn & Associates LLC One to One At The Worksite™ wellness programs have received
                                  numerous awards from a wide variety of organizations, including several State of Michigan
                                  Governors Awards, the American Heart Association, C. Everett Koop National Health Award,
                                  Department of Health and Human Services "Innovation in Prevention Award" and featured
                                  on MSNBC live.

                                  The Holtyn One to One program is listed in the National Registry of Evidence-based
                                  Programs and Practices (NREPP), a service of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health
                                  Services Administration (SAMHSA).

                                  Ken has served as Vice-President of the Health Promotion and Wellness Council of Michigan
                                  and as the American Heart Association Chairman of Worksite Health Promotion for Michigan.
                                  The Michigan House of Representatives also recognized him for his contributions to the
                                  health of the citizens of Michigan by a House Resolution.

                                  In 2008 he was inducted into the National Wellness Institute’s Service and Leadership Circle
                                  recognizing him for his contributions in the health and wellness promotion field.




© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                 HoltynHPC.com    HopeHealth.com
About Hope Health
                                  Our unique capabilities...
                                     • We specialize in producing easy-to-read health and lifestyle content.

                                     • Over 30 years of serving workplaces, health plans and communities. We have
                                     more than 3,000 clients, in all 50 states, and of different sizes and descriptions.

                                     • Health, marketing, wellness, benefits, technical writing, clear design and creative
                                      skills — all combined into one powerful employee communication engine.

                                     • Easy-to-read and high comprehension content. We’re committed to Plain Language,
                                     improving health literacy, and producing relevant, actionable information.

                                     • Industry-leading customization capabilities. We customize over 500 versions of
                                     communications each month. How? Experienced staff, procedures developed over 30
                                     years, technologically advanced business partners, and a powerful, proprietary
                                     software platform.
                                     • A robust and demanding medical review process to ensure accuracy, credibility,
                                     and evidence-based health content.

                                     • And you get us. A second generation, privately-held business. There is longevity,
                                     stability, and history here. Plus, energy, optimism, and a can-do attitude. It’s just fun
                                     to work with us, because we love our clients and enjoy what we do for a living.

                                  Visit us at HopeHealth.com. Download our free eBook that makes the best case for
                                  wellness today — New Perspectives in Wellness & Benefit Communications.




© 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC                                                                  HoltynHPC.com     HopeHealth.com

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Hope health worksite wellness study

  • 1. Reaping the Rewards of Worksite Wellness A special report brought to you by: Authors: Ken Holtyn, President & Founder, Holtyn & Associates Judd R. Allen, PhD Bruce F. Fetzer, MBA Max A. Heirich, PhD
  • 2. Employers and employees are engaged in an epic struggle to change unhealthy lifestyles. Each year most employees and most employers make efforts to achieve lifestyle improvement goals. Unfortunately, few individuals achieve their health improvement goals for more than a few months. And, most worksite health promotion initiatives achieve only small changes in overall health behavior within the workforce. A new, and hopefully more effective, health promotion model combines individual change strategies with efforts to create supportive cultural environ- ments. The purposes of the culture change effort would be to increase: (1) participation in initial screenings and assessments; (2) lifestyle change program engagement rates, (3) lifestyle change success rates, and (4) employees’ abilities to maintain positive practices and to avoid new health risks. The University of Michigan Worker Health Program demonstrated the value of combining individual initiative with supportive environments. In a comparison of 4 worksites, the combined approach yielded more dramatic and sustained results. Over the past 20 years, Holtyn & Associates, LLC has combined “ A new model promotion health individual counseling and assessment with culture change to reduce cardiovas- cular risks. Four case studies are offered to illustrate the impact of a model combines that simultaneously addresses individual and cultural change. individual change strategies with There is a growing consensus that healthy lifestyle practices such as physical efforts to create activity, healthy eating, not smoking, social engagement and avoiding heavy supportive cultural drinking are important to preventing illness and extending life. A poll of environments. workers will quickly verify that most employees are trying to improve their ” health practices.1 The vast majority of employees attempt to achieve at least one health-related lifestyle goal each year. 1 Few business leaders doubt that it is difficult to work while sick.2 More than 90% of employers with 200 or more workers offer wellness programs.3 More than half of smaller employers offer at least one wellness program. 3 © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 3. If motivation and intent were all that is required for wellness, Americans would be fit, trim and addiction free. Sadly, this is not even close to being the case. The percentage of Americans who adhere to all four of the most basic lifestyle prescriptions for good health — not smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, eating adequate fruits and vegetables, and getting physical activity — is a dismal 3%.4 Lifestyle improvement success rates among most workers usually fall below 20%.1 Less than a quarter of workers achieve their desired behavior change goals for more than a few months. 1 For most wellness activities, the end of the activity also marks a precipitous decline in the health behavior and a return to unhealthy practice.5 As Dr. Dee Edington, of the University of Michigan’s Health Management Research Center put it, a reasonable health promotion program goal is to “just don’t get worse.”6 We may make jokes about the fate of this year’s “health resolutions,” but the implications are not all that funny. • Approximately 40% of all the deaths in the United States are premature – at least 900,000 deaths annually.7 • Lifestyle-related chronic diseases account for an estimated 70% of the nations medical care costs.8 High lifestyle change failure rates undermine enthusiasm for wellness initia- tives. Medical professionals are reluctant to give lifestyle change prescriptions that few patients can fill.9 Managers lack confidence in corporate wellness programs.2 They realize that lifestyle change is very difficult.2 They are reluctant to subject the majority of their employees to failure.2 Employees are We may make “ jokes about the fate demanding greater incentives for participation in wellness programs.10 of this year’s “health One study of 36 employers found that without an incentive, less than 20 percent resolutions,” but the of employees completed health assessments.10 This study concluded that cash implications are not incentives between $200 and $600 were optimal. This “optimal” level of award all that funny. for health assessments is much more than what most employers spend ” on their entire wellness program including activities that are designed to help employees change their health practices. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 4. Much of the economic research to date has been devoted to documenting the high costs of medical care, lost productivity and illness that results from poor health practices.7,8 Research has also been devoted to calculating return on investment. Current estimates show that most wellness programs more than pay for themselves.11 One analysis showed that a comprehensive wellness pro- gram could break even if participation in shifting just 1% of employees from high risk to low risk status.12 Unfortunately, the economic research has not resulted in proportional investment in wellness programming. A typical company and health plan spends less than $500 per employee annually on wellness programs. This investment is far less than one monthly installment for an employee’s health insurance. It is time to refocus the health promotion research agenda on developing program designs that achieve high lifestyle improvement success rates and that increase the overall prevalence of healthy lifestyle practices. Statistically signif- icant differences between treatment and control groups will not be enough to make wellness a serious business proposition. Attention needs to turn to mean- ingful — not just statically greater than chance or temporary — increases in the prevalence of healthy practices. Employers and employees are convinced that healthy lifestyles are very beneficial and they are equally convinced that it is very difficult to achieve healthy lifestyles. A commitment of resources and enthusiasm will be more likely when people have a reasonable chance of achieving their lifestyle goals. The focus on the individual “A typicalhealth plan company lifestyle change and Many worksite wellness programs are directed at individual change spends less than (see Figure 1, on the next page). The individual change approach draws upon the $500 per employee disciplines of medicine and psychology. This approach holds that lifestyle annually on wellness improvement is derived from individual participation in wellness activities such programs. as health assessments, telephone coaching and use of health information web- ” sites. Efforts to increase participation and success have focused on: (1) tailoring programs to individual readiness and preferences, (2) using principles of positive psychology that emphasize personal strengths, and (3) offering incentives to individual participants. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 5. Figure 1 Wellness Models Focused on Individual Behavior ¬¬¬ ¬¬ health assessment participation in wellness programs health behavior change health and productivity financial benefit Programs that focus on individual change frequently use personal health assessments (also known as health risk appraisals) as a starting point in the wellness program process. The assessment is designed to assist the individual in setting health behavior goals. Assessment results are often used to determine which programs are likely to be of interest and/or benefit to the individual. The personal health assessment is commonly used as a gateway and referral mechanism to behavior change programs. Adding supportive environments to the wellness model The supportive environments approach is directed at creating physical and social conditions that promote health behavior. The environmental approach is seen in the behavioral science disciplines of public health, social psychology, anthropology and sociology. The following interventions are examples of the environmental approach to wellness. • When an organization commits time, space and equipment to promoting healthy lifestyles, the healthy choice can become the easier choice. An “The personal health assessment example would be to include healthy choices in vending machines. • Creating wellness norms makes healthy lifestyles “the way we do things is commonly used around here.” For example, healthy norms have been established for as a gateway wearing car safety belts. and referral • Social influences such as modeling, traditions, communication and rewards mechanism to can also reinforce positive lifestyle practices. Leadership participation in behavior change wellness programming is an example of such supportive social influences. programs. ” • Supportive peers can help reduce barriers to change and offer needed guidance. Mentoring, mutual support groups, group wellness contests, sports teams and household wellness programs are examples of efforts to foster positive peer support. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 6. Fostering a supportive culture has been identified as among the best practices in worksite health promotion programs.13 One analysis of 52 studies published from 1990 to 2003 found that the most effective worksite interventions include: • Environmental supports for behavior change (e.g., access to healthy foods). • Financial and/or other incentives (e.g., lower health insurance premiums, free gym memberships). • Corporate policies that support healthy lifestyles (e.g., tobacco free mandates, health care coverage for preventive services). • Frequent and simple heart disease and stroke prevention messages (e.g.,posters, newsletters, e-mails).14 The environment has a number of potential functions within a wellness program model. The following diagram shows the multiple roles of environ- mental support in achieving financial benefits. Figure 2 Wellness Model of Individual ¬ and Environmental Support ¬ environmental ¬ ¬ ¬ support environmental environmental environmental maintain healthy support support support behavior “ Fostering a supportive culture has been identified as among the best practices in worksite health promotion programs. ¬¬¬ ¬¬ health assessment participation in wellness programs health behavior change health and productivity As can be seen in Figure 2, the creation of a supportive environment offers a number of benefits that are less likely in programs that exclusively target individual change. financial benefit ” • Environmental influences touch a cross-section of employees. A personal health assessment is not a prerequisite to being influenced by supportive environments. The environment is a way to reach those who might not otherwise participate. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 7. • Environmental support plays a role in stemming the flow to higher risk behavior. New unhealthy practices such as overeating and smoking are often the result of social influences. Unsupportive environmental conditions can be barriers to maintaining positive practices such as regular physical activity. • Environmental support plays a role in lasting lifestyle change. Individual initiative and focus are important ingredients to success. A supportive environment makes it more likely that people will continue with the behavior once the initial push for change subsides. • Environmental support plays a role in wellness program participation. An established tradition of completing an annual health assessment would, for example, increase the ease of administrating such health assessments. A work climate of trust and openness is often required for employees to feel comfortable participating in wellness programs that require self-disclosure and risk-taking. Support for combining individual support with supportive environments Combining support for individual change with supportive environments makes intuitive sense. Such a combined approach would be a logical extension of affirmative research findings with both the individual change approach — as seen in health coaching, tailored messaging, and the benefits health information Websites — as well as research on the impact of supportive “Combining support for environments — as seen in the impact of seat belt laws and smoking restrictions. individual change with supportive The University of Michigan Worker Health Program conducted a comparison environments of the relative effectiveness of four different models of worksite cardiac risk makes intuitive prevention.15, 16 Baseline screening was conducted in four manufacturing plants. sense. Site 1 offered screening only, with referral recommendations for those found to ” have cardiovascular disease risks. Site 2 also provided health education information and classes. Site 3 added routine follow-up counseling and a menu of intervention types, and Site 4 added social organization within the plant. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 8. At the beginning of the study the four worksites were comparable in size, demographic make-up of the workforce, and health risks identified at the initial screening. All worksites achieved 75% or higher participation in the initial health screenings, with help from local wellness committees that encouraged participation. Three years later health outcomes were strikingly different: health risks profiles either were unchanged or had deteriorated at sites 1 and 2. However, where pro-active outreach and follow-up were deployed (at sites 3 and 4), impressive reductions in cardiovascular risks occurred. The best results were found at site 4, where special attention was placed on creating a supportive cultural environment. The methods used in sites 3 and 4 were equally effective with blue collar, white collar, and managerial employees, with men and women, and with different races and ethnic groups. Case studies using the integrated, comprehensive model In 1987, Holtyn & Associates, LLC adopted a worksite health promotion model that combines frequent one-to-one assessments and coaching with developing supportive cultural environments. Cultural outcomes include developing cultures of wellness, active integrated wellness committees, modification and development of workplace policies, conducting ongoing promotions, and providing communications support. Low risk participants receive one-to-one coaching twice per year, but high risk participants receive Over the it four times. Biometric testing, fitness testing, and self-report of health “ past 23 years, behavior are included in the periodic meetings with the wellness coach. Holtyn & Associates, LLC developed a custom online, real time management feedback Holtyn & Associates, system whereby middle-managers are able to track cultural support, program LLC has served participation and aggregate health behavior among their workgroups. In approximately addition, online, real time, health status and health trend reports are 500 small and available for participants, to supplement educational support and interaction medium sized with coaches between assessments. The Holtyn & Associates, LLC model costs employers. $350 per employee, per year which still compares favorably with the cost of ” other programs that have comparable incentive costs, just to get participants to complete a personal health assessment. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 9. Over the past 23 years, Holtyn & Associates, LLC has served approximately 500 small and medium sized employers. The following case studies were selected to reflect programming experiences across business sectors. Case Study #1 Kalamazoo County Government • Employees: 770 • Program duration: 3 years Highlights Kalamazoo County Government recently performed a claims analysis for the two years prior to the wellness program and three years after starting the wellness program in 2006. The County documented a savings of 3 million dollars during the wellness program period that they attribute to the wellness program. The County’s 2009 health insurance claims experience increase for its self-funded plan was only 1%. Case Study #2 Kalamazoo Valley Community College, Kalamazoo, MI • Employees: 425 • Program duration: 10 years Highlights KVCC is a CDC best practice worksite and was studied by the CDC Swift Worksite Assessment and Translation (SWAT) team in 2004. KVCC has maintained low single digit health claims cost increases with its self-funded plan since 2004, KVCC has not reduced coverage or plan design and attributes the savings to its vibrant wellness program. Other locally comparable employers have been receiving double digit premium cost increases. Participants in KVCC’s wellness program have maintained very high rates of health risk elimination over multiple years. Since 2004, over 60% of wellness program participants have zero cardiovascular disease heart risk factors. In addition, 95% of wellness program participants would recommend the program to others. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 10. Case Study #3 and #4 Flexfab, Inc. and Hastings Fiberglass, Hastings MI Flexfab, Inc. Hastings Fiberglass Employees: 371 Employees: 76 Participation: 92% Program duration: 6 years Spouses: 111 Program duration: 6 years Multiple sites An elastomeric engineering company Since 1959, Hastings Fiberglass has that manufactures products using silicone designed and fabricated fiber glass rubber and other elastomers. Flexfab products and tools for electrical specializes in the design of high perform- power and communications. ance hose, lightweight ducts, flexible connectors, boots, bellows, sleeves, special shaped aerospace products. Highlights Flexfab and Hastings Fiberglass work together to promote wellness in the small rural town of Hastings. Their two wellness committees develop community events, including weight contests and a 5 kilometer walk and run. Flexfab includes spouses in the wellness program. Spouses have also reduced health risks. The addition of spouses reinforces the cultural support aspects of the wellness program to include family, in addition to supervisors, peers and friends. Risk factor reduction The primary goal of Holtyn & Associates, LLC has been to measure and reduce the following cardiovascular risk factors: (1) physical inactivity, (2) high BP, (3) cholesterol≥200, (4) heavy weight and at-risk waist circumference, (5) smoking, (6) elevated glucose, (7) high stress, (8) low coping, (9) depression, (10) high alcohol intake, (11) high fat consumption, and (12) low fruit/vegeta- bles/fiber consumption. Figure 3 on the next page, shows a representative aggregate risk reduction for a college, two manufacturing companies and a municipality. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 11. Figure 3 Aggregate Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Among Sample of Holtyn & Associates, LLC Clients 70% Start — 1,000 Employees 60% 70% 5 Years Later 50% 40% 49% 30% 33% 20% 24% 10% 18% 6% 0 Low 0-2 Risks Medium 3-4 Risks High 5+ Risks Holtyn & Associates, LLC utilizes biometric tests, a measurement of fitness and health behavior self-reports to assess employee health risks. As can be seen in Table 1 on the next page, dramatic reductions in health risks have occurred. This is in contrast to companies that set a goal of “not getting any worse.” 6 National population health risks have been trending towards higher risk.6 Instead, the Holtyn population trends toward eliminating health risks. The Holtyn data is significant, because it includes the addition of new entrants into the wellness program, who tend to be less healthy. The Holtyn & Associates, LLC model creates high participant retention while continually recruiting new employees. Other programs typically experience high attrition rates, as participants fall short of their goals and drop out of the program.18 The Holtyn & “ Associates, LLC model creates high Participation results participant retention In the Holtyn & Associates, LLC model, employees must receive a biometric while it continually assessment and coaching session at least annually to be considered active in recruits new the program. Table 1 shows individual participation rates. employees. ” © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 12. Table 1 Coaching Participation Rates Participation in One-to-One Organization Wellness Coaching Flexfab, Inc. 86% Hastings Fiberglass 100% Kalamazoo Valley Community College 83% Kalamazoo County Government 79% Holtyn & Associates, LLC establishes wellness committees that are engaged in creating a supportive environment. These committees must include a cross- section of employees and organizational leaders. All Holtyn & Associates, LLC clients have established ongoing, active wellness committees. Culture change findings Holtyn & Associates, LLC works with wellness committees to create supportive cultural environments. Cultural support for clients is measured using survey items found in the Lifegain Health Culture Audit.17 Wellness program participants rate their agreement to the statements in Table 2 on the next page, on a scale of 1-5, where 1 is “strongly disagree” and 5 is “strongly agree”. Table 2 provides “ HoltynLLC& Associates, comparisons over the most recent five year period. works with wellness committees to create supportive cultural environments. ” © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 13. Table 2 Three Year Trends in Cultural Support Overall Culture Question Initial Most recent Environmental Cultural Support My company leaders are models for a healthy lifestyle 3.18 3.47** This company demonstrates its commitment to supporting healthy lifestyles through its use of resources such as time, space and money. 3.60 3.94** People at this company are taught skills needed to achieve a healthy lifestyle. 3.25 3.76** New employees at our workplace are made aware of the organization's support for healthy lifestyles. 3.30 3.63** People are rewarded and recognized for efforts to live a healthy lifestyle. 3.11 3.67** Peer Support My immediate supervisor supports my efforts to adopt healthier lifestyle practices. 3.60 3.70* Coworkers support one another in efforts to adopt healthier lifestyle practices. 3.71 3.85** My friends support one another in efforts to adopt healthier lifestyle practices. 3.91 3.91 My family members and/or house- mates support one another in efforts to adopt healthier lifestyle practices. 4.03 4.03 The level of statistical significance from a t-test comparison are indicated with ** significant at p<.0001 and * significant at p<.05. Aggregate of 2,837 employees from manufacturing, governmental, lower and higher educational scores. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 14. Cultural support measures have significantly improved in Holtyn & Associates, LLC clients. Additionally, scores in environmental support show strong, consistent improvement. However, peer support at the worksite significantly improved, but perceived support from family and friends, while high, did not improve. Outlook Wellness programs are now widespread, particularly among large employers. The evidence for individual health improvement has persuaded most individu- als and organizations to pursue wellness. It will be important to capitalize on the current high degree of interest by creating programming models that are likely to achieve higher levels of sustained change. Worker Health Program research and Holtyn & Associates, LLC case studies provide preliminary evidence which indicates that significant added value can be achieved by including culture change initiatives. That employers and employees across the country are attempting to address health risks is encouraging. The evidence for economic and health benefits that could result is compelling. Unfortunately, however, high lifestyle-change failure rates currently undermine enthusiasm for wellness initiatives. Current models that focus exclusively on individual change are not producing substantial lifestyle improvements among the majority of employees. Dramatic improve- “for individual The evidence ments in the effectiveness of workplace wellness programs will be needed to meet the lifestyle challenges faced by Americans. health improvement has persuaded Attention must turn to the best strategies for achieving meaningful and most individuals permanent lifestyle improvements. Current evidence suggests that such a wellness model will have to address both the individual and organizational and organizations environment. Findings reported here show results that can be achieved with an to pursue intervention model which combines both approaches. wellness. ” © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 15. The role of communication in changing workplace culture Holtyn & Associates, LLC has partnered with Hope Health for more than 20 years to bring high-quality, easy-to-read communication tools to their clients. Holtyn’s clients use either the HOPE Health Letter® or eMazine™ electronic health letter to communicate with their employees. Many choose to customize these publications with their company-specific articles, employee achievements, community events and more to drive home the value of their programs and services. For more information on Hope Health’s products and services, visit HopeHealth.com. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 16. References 1 Allen, J., Building supportive cultural environments, O’Donnell MP, editor, Health Promotion in the Workplace, Third edition, Albany, New York: Delmar Publishers, Inc; 2001, pgs. 202-217. 2 Linman, Laura, Weiner, B. Graham, A, Emmons, K. Managers beliefs regarding worksite health promotion: Findings from the working healthy project 2, American Journal of Health Promotion, 2007, volume 21:6, pgs. 521-528. 3 The Kaiser Family foundation. Health Research and Educational Trust: Employer Health Benefits 2009 Annual Survey. Menlo Park, California: Kaiser Family foundation; 2009. 4 Aldana, SG. 2005. The Culprit & the Cure: Why Lifestyle Is the Culprit Behind Amer- ica’s Poor Health and How Transforming that Can Be the Cure. Mapleton, UT: Maple Mountain Press. 5 Pellmar, TC, Brandt, FN & Baird, MA (2002). Health and behavior: The interplay of biological, behavioral and social influences: summary of the Institute of Medicine report. The American Journal of Health Promotion, 16: 4, 206-219. 6 Edington, DW. Zero Trends: Health as a Serious Economic Strategy. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Health Management Research Center, pg. 22. 7 McGinnis JM, Foege WH. Actual causes of death in the United States. Journal of the American Medical Association 1993; 270:2207-2212. 8 Fries JF, Koop, CE, Soklov, J, Beadle CE & Wright D. Beyond health promotion: Reducing need and demand for medical care. Health Affairs, 1998; 17(2): 70-84. 9 Allen, J and Allen, RF. From short term compliance to long term freedom: Culture based health promotion by health professionals. American Journal of Health Promotion, 1986; 1(2): 39 47. 10 Anderson, DR, Grossmeier, J, Seaverson, LD& Snyder, D. The role of financial incentives in driving employee engagement in health management. ACSM’s Health and Fitness Journal, 12(4): 18-22. 11 Aldana SG. Financial impact of health promotion programs: A comprehensive review of the literature. American Journal of Health Promotion, 2001; 15(5): 296-320. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 17. 12 Lynch WD. Health and the bottom line: What the evidence tells us. Presented at the Art & Science of Health Promotion Conference. Washington, DC. February 2001. 13 O’Donnel MP, Bishop CA & Kaplan KL. Benchmarking Best practices in Workplace Health Promotion. The Art of Health Promotion, 1997; 1(1) 1-8. 14 Matson-Koffman D, Brownstein J., Neiner J. & Greaney M.. A site-specific literature review of policy and environmental interventions that promote physical activity and nutrition for cardiovascular health: What works? American Journal of Health Promotion, 2005; 19(3); 167-193. 15 Erfurt, F and Foote, A. Worksite Wellness Programs: Incremental Comparison of Screening and Referral Alone, Health, Education, Follow-up Counseling, and Plant Organization. American Journal of Health Promotion, 1991; 5(6); 438-448. 16 Foote, A, Erfurt JC & Konopka, B. Worksite Physical Fitness Programs: Comparing the Impact of Different Program Designs on Cardiovascular Risks, Journal of Occupational Medicine 1993; 35(5); 510–517. 17 Allen, J. Wellness Leadership: Creating supportive environments for healthier and more productive employees. Burlington, Vermont: Healthyculture.com, pgs. 101-103. 18 Baker, K., Goetzel, R., Xiaofei, P., Weiss, A., et el. Using a Return-On-Investment Estimation Model to Evaluate Outcomes From an Obesity Management Worksite Health Promotion Program. JOEM • Volume 50, Number 9, September 2008, pg. 985. Results Section reported a 42% drop out rate in phone coaching. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 18. About Holtyn & Associates, LLC Ken Holtyn, President of Holtyn & Associates LLC and Corporate Wellness Advisor, has provided wellness and health promotion services for over 25 years to more than 500 businesses. Ken has served as member of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Advisory Panel “Best Practice Benchmarking Project” for worksite health and productivity management. He is also Chair of the Business Group for the State of Michigan, "Michigan Steps Up" campaign. Recognized nationally and internationally as a leader in the field of workplace health and wellness promotion, Ken testified in Washington D.C. before the U.S. Surgeon General and the Secretaries Council of Health and Human Services on the status of small business health promotion. Holtyn & Associates LLC One to One At The Worksite™ wellness programs have received numerous awards from a wide variety of organizations, including several State of Michigan Governors Awards, the American Heart Association, C. Everett Koop National Health Award, Department of Health and Human Services "Innovation in Prevention Award" and featured on MSNBC live. The Holtyn One to One program is listed in the National Registry of Evidence-based Programs and Practices (NREPP), a service of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Ken has served as Vice-President of the Health Promotion and Wellness Council of Michigan and as the American Heart Association Chairman of Worksite Health Promotion for Michigan. The Michigan House of Representatives also recognized him for his contributions to the health of the citizens of Michigan by a House Resolution. In 2008 he was inducted into the National Wellness Institute’s Service and Leadership Circle recognizing him for his contributions in the health and wellness promotion field. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com
  • 19. About Hope Health Our unique capabilities... • We specialize in producing easy-to-read health and lifestyle content. • Over 30 years of serving workplaces, health plans and communities. We have more than 3,000 clients, in all 50 states, and of different sizes and descriptions. • Health, marketing, wellness, benefits, technical writing, clear design and creative skills — all combined into one powerful employee communication engine. • Easy-to-read and high comprehension content. We’re committed to Plain Language, improving health literacy, and producing relevant, actionable information. • Industry-leading customization capabilities. We customize over 500 versions of communications each month. How? Experienced staff, procedures developed over 30 years, technologically advanced business partners, and a powerful, proprietary software platform. • A robust and demanding medical review process to ensure accuracy, credibility, and evidence-based health content. • And you get us. A second generation, privately-held business. There is longevity, stability, and history here. Plus, energy, optimism, and a can-do attitude. It’s just fun to work with us, because we love our clients and enjoy what we do for a living. Visit us at HopeHealth.com. Download our free eBook that makes the best case for wellness today — New Perspectives in Wellness & Benefit Communications. © 2010 Holtyn & Associates, LLC HoltynHPC.com HopeHealth.com