HIV AIDS Training Presentation
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This presentation provides an overview of HIV and AIDS. It defines HIV as a virus that attacks the immune system and destroys the body's ability to fight infections and diseases. It is transmitted through certain body fluids like blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. The presentation details how HIV infects and replicates within immune cells called CD4 cells. It explains the stages of HIV infection from the initial window period to the development of AIDS when the immune system is severely compromised. Treatment options are discussed as well as strategies for prevention.
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HIV AIDS Training Presentation
- 1. All graphics © Russell Kightley These graphics may not be reproduced Micro images are Hyperlinked sourced Use of this presentation authorized if properly credited HIV / AIDS Training • Req’d by Northshore SD • NSD adopted curriculum • Based on: F.L.A.S.H. HIV Lifeline jschmied©2015 HIV virus
- 2. Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1. What is HIV? an RNA based virus that causes AIDS 1. Attacks the Immune System 2. Destroys the body’s defenses against diseases 3. Body becomes vulnerable to infections & cancers that don’t normally develop in healthy people Graphics © Russell Kightley These graphics may not be reproduced Images are hyperlinked sourced jschmied©2015
- 3. What does HIV look like? HIV Capsule HIV jschmied©2015
- 4. What does HIV look like? A cut away view of the virus. jschmied©2015
- 5. 1. T4 or CD4 Cell 2. Antibodies 2. Two Key Parts of the Immune System HIV jschmied©2015
- 6. Healthy T Cell & Infected T Cell HIV Particles (yellow) jschmied©2015 T4 cell are particularly important in the adaptive immune system. These cells help suppress or regulate immune responses
- 7. HIV Transmission Requires: 1. Infected body fluid AND 2. Entry into body jschmied©2015
- 8. 3. Infected body fluids Four Fluids, if infected, can transmit HIV a. Blood b. Semen c. Vaginal Secretions d. Breast Milk If these enter the body jschmied©2015
- 9. 4. Which Fluids are safe? Four Fluids that can’t transmit HIV a. Spit/saliva b. Pee/Urine c. Sweat d. Tears jschmied©2015
- 10. 5. HIV Transmission Three Most frequent ways to get infected 1. Unprotected sexual intercourse 2. Injected Drug Use 3. From an infected mother to her infant. Other, much more rare, ways to get infected a. Blood Transfusions / Organ Transplant (1:600,000) b. Health Care Setting jschmied©2015
- 11. How Does HIV get into a T Cell? 1. HIV attaches to infection fighting T4 cell 2. Locks on to two entry areas of the T4 cell at once. (Keys in lock) 3. Tricks T4 cell to allow Virus RNA to enter All graphics © Russell Kightley Graphics may not be reproduced w/o permissionjschmied©2015
- 12. What Does HIV do inside a T Cell? 1. Virus’s RNA changes into DNA 2. Enters Cell nucleus & becomes part of Host’s DNA! 3. Programs T cell to produce virus in abundance 4. New viruses bud off Host T cell, killing T cell, & enters bloodstream 5. New HIV viruses infect more T cells jschmied©2015
- 13. New HIV viruses leaving a cell jschmied©2015
- 14. 6. What is the “Window Period?” The time period between a person’s exposure & actual infection with HIV and until antibodies are detectable in the body. • After three months there are usually enough antibodies to show on an AIDS test. Nearly all people (99%) develop antibodies by THREE months. jschmied©2015
- 15. HIV and the Immune System 7. A person can be HIV infected and not have AIDS if the person’s immune system is intact. Often this period is from 8-10 years. Has no symptoms, person is a carrier. 8. After this period, the immune system begins to lose the fight. At this point the person has AIDS jschmied©2015
- 16. 9. What does AIDS stand for? A. Acquired I. Immune D. Deficiency S. Syndrome jschmied©2015
- 17. WHAT IS AIDS ?? 1. The Late stage of HIV infection 2. A group of symptoms & signs of disease that occur together. 3. Severe immune system breakdown 4. Less than 200 T cells (or CD4 cells). Normal 1000 jschmied©2015
- 18. 10. What happens to someone with fully involved AIDS? Immune system breaks down => Hospital ?? Cause of death - a variety of normally preventable diseases. Some are: a. Pneumonia b. Toxoplasmosis c. Kaposi’s sarcoma d. Mycobacterium Avium complex e. Invasive cervical cancer jschmied©2015
- 19. 11. Treatment of AIDS & Life Expectancy Treatment helps people live longer. a. In 1993 = less than 7 years b. In 2006 = 20 years or more… ….if properly treated c. New drugs are the cause of the increase 2011: About 33.3 million people worldwide are infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. In 2009, the last year for complete statistics, 2.6 million people became infected and 1.8 million people died. jschmied©2015
- 20. 12. What are the problems with Treatment? a. Have to take lots of pills b. Pills can make people sick – side effects c. Pills don’t work for everyone – or forever d. Pills cost lots of money! 2010 avg cost est. = $398,000 / 20+ years or $1,659 / month Advanced cases = $3,390 / month jschmied©2015
- 21. 13. Let’s Rewind! Brainstorm respectfully: What are 3 ways you can think of to keep a person safe from HIV/AIDS??? jschmied©2015
- 22. 14. How to keep safe? 1. No sex = abstinence 2. Have only one uninfected partner = monogamy 3. Use protection = condoms jschmied©2015
- 23. HIV / AIDS Training • Req’d by Northshore SD • NSD adopted curriculum • Based on: F.L.A.S.H. HIV Lifeline jschmied©2015 All graphics © Russell Kightley These graphics may not be reproduced Micro images are Hyperlinked sourced Use of this presentation authorized if properly credited
- 24. Making Progress - AIDS by the numbers 33% decrease in new HIV infections since 2001 29% decrease in AIDS-related deaths (adults and children) since 2005 52% decrease in new HIV infections in children since 2001 40-fold Increase in access to antiretroviral therapy 2002–2012 http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/JC2571_AIDS_by_the_numbers_en_1.pdf jschmied©2015
- 25. About the author: John Schmied has been a secondary science school teacher for 20 years and is involved in developing practical, yet innovative, hands on curriculum for teens. In addition he is a Chemical Hygiene Officer and also created, developed and manages a 6 acre Environmental Center at his school site. John’s presentations have been viewed worldwide & have been in the top 5% of Slideshare for multiple years. During this time John served as the Strategic planner for the Friends of the Hidden River a 501(C)(3) non profit. • Over the past 13 years Friends helped King County, WA design, fund, construct & develop the 14,800 sqft Brightwater Environmental Center in Woodinville WA. • John is the Director & a principal developer of the Ground to Sound STEM Environmental Challenge course, a locally popular cutting edge environmental program that merges, Science, Tech, Art, Multimedia and other disciplines with Leadership studies at the Center Prior to this period John served as a U. S. Coast Guard Officer primarily involved in ice, navigation & search and rescue operations. His specialties are Ship handling, Diving and Oceanographic Operations. John can be contacted via Linked In.