Introduction to Android Window System
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olv talked about Android Window System: SurfaceFlinger, WindowManager, ActivityManager, Binder, ...
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Introduction to Android Window System
- 1. Outline Building Blocks Under the Hood Get Dirty Q&A Introduction to Android Window System Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org May 15, 2009 Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 2. Outline Building Blocks Under the Hood Get Dirty Q&A Building Blocks Overview Interested Components Under the Hood Random Topics Get Dirty Development Code Q&A Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 3. Outline Building Blocks Overview Under the Hood Interested Components Get Dirty Q&A Outline Building Blocks Overview Interested Components Under the Hood Random Topics Get Dirty Development Code Q&A Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 4. Outline Building Blocks Overview Under the Hood Interested Components Get Dirty Q&A System Architecture Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 5. Outline Building Blocks Overview Under the Hood Interested Components Get Dirty Q&A System Architecture Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 6. Outline Building Blocks Overview Under the Hood Interested Components Get Dirty Q&A System Architecture Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 7. Outline Building Blocks Overview Under the Hood Interested Components Get Dirty Q&A Building Blocks There are more, but we focus on SurfaceManager WindowManager ActivityManager Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 8. Outline Building Blocks Overview Under the Hood Interested Components Get Dirty Q&A SurfaceManager frameworks/base/libs/surfaceflinger/ a.k.a SurfaceFlinger Allocate surfaces. Backed by ashmem/pmem/? Composite surfaces Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 9. Outline Building Blocks Overview Under the Hood Interested Components Get Dirty Q&A WindowManager frameworks/base/services/java/ com/android/server/WindowManagerService.java About 9000 SLOC in one ļ¬le. Poorly documented, bad namings, ... (Ask SurfaceManager to) create/layout surfaces on behalf of the clients Dispatch input events to clients Transition animation WindowManagerPolicy Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 10. Outline Building Blocks Overview Under the Hood Interested Components Get Dirty Q&A ActivityManager frameworks/base/services/java/ com/android/server/am/ Manage lifecycles of activities Manage stacking of activities Dispatch intents Spawn processes Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 11. Outline Building Blocks Overview Under the Hood Interested Components Get Dirty Q&A Confusions An activity has one or more windows (e.g. dialogs) A window has one or more surfaces (e.g. surface views) However, in window manager, a window is called a session A surface is called a window And an activity becomes roughly a token Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 12. Outline Building Blocks Overview Under the Hood Interested Components Get Dirty Q&A Special Keys HOME key BACK key Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 13. Outline Building Blocks Under the Hood Random Topics Get Dirty Q&A Outline Building Blocks Overview Interested Components Under the Hood Random Topics Get Dirty Development Code Q&A Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 14. Outline Building Blocks Under the Hood Random Topics Get Dirty Q&A Process View SurfaceManager, WindowManager, and SurfaceManager are threads of a single process (system server) Every application is usually a process of itself Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 15. Outline Building Blocks Under the Hood Random Topics Get Dirty Q&A Zygote Is a process started on system initialization Preloads java classes and resources Forks system server Listens silently on /dev/socket/zygote Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 16. Outline Building Blocks Under the Hood Random Topics Get Dirty Q&A Binder Early in the lifetime of an application process, thread(s) are created and blocked on /dev/binder Binder is used mainly for RPC Fragile Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 17. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Outline Building Blocks Overview Interested Components Under the Hood Random Topics Get Dirty Development Code Q&A Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 18. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Build System build/core/core/build-system.html . build/envsetup.sh showcommands export ANDROID JAVA HOME if non-standard Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 19. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A adb ADBHOST for transport over TCP/IP kill-server remount pull/push logcat shell Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 20. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A hierarchyviewer Display view hierarchy Display view Invalidate/Relayout Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 21. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Graphics: Memory Management SurfaceFlinger has a SurfaceHeapManager Every client has a MemoryDealer, as returned by SurfaceHeapManager Every surface of a client also has dealer(s), from client or GPU Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 22. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Graphics: Memory Management cont. A dealer consists of a heap and an allocator A heap represents a sharable big chunk of memory An allocator is an algorithm Small chunks of memory from the heap are returned Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 23. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Graphics: Memory Management cont. Real ļ¬ow A client asks for a new surface, createSurface Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 24. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Graphics: Memory Management cont. Real ļ¬ow A client asks for a new surface, createSurface createSurface calls createNormalSurfaceLocked Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 25. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Graphics: Memory Management cont. Real ļ¬ow A client asks for a new surface, createSurface createSurface calls createNormalSurfaceLocked A layer is created and setBuļ¬ers is called to allocate buļ¬ers Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 26. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Graphics: Memory Management cont. Real ļ¬ow A client asks for a new surface, createSurface createSurface calls createNormalSurfaceLocked A layer is created and setBuļ¬ers is called to allocate buļ¬ers Two dealers are created from client, one for front buļ¬er and one for back buļ¬er Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 27. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Graphics: Memory Management cont. Real ļ¬ow A client asks for a new surface, createSurface createSurface calls createNormalSurfaceLocked A layer is created and setBuļ¬ers is called to allocate buļ¬ers Two dealers are created from client, one for front buļ¬er and one for back buļ¬er Two LayerBitmaps are created, initialized with the two dealers Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 28. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Graphics: Memory Management cont. Real ļ¬ow A client asks for a new surface, createSurface createSurface calls createNormalSurfaceLocked A layer is created and setBuļ¬ers is called to allocate buļ¬ers Two dealers are created from client, one for front buļ¬er and one for back buļ¬er Two LayerBitmaps are created, initialized with the two dealers Heaps of dealers along with info about the layer are returned Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 29. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Hello World http://people.debian.org.tw/Ėolv/surfaceļ¬inger/demo.tar.gz Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 30. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Many Buļ¬ers Surface is double buļ¬ered EGLDisplaySurface is double buļ¬ered Same technique; Diļ¬erent code pathes, diļ¬erent purposes Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 31. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Double Buļ¬ering Sofware v.s. Hardware Memory copy Page ļ¬ipping Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 32. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Dirty Region Associate buļ¬ers with dirty regions Copy back Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 33. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Frame 0 Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 34. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Frame 1 Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 35. Outline Building Blocks Development Under the Hood Code Get Dirty Q&A Frame 2 Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 36. Outline Building Blocks Under the Hood Get Dirty Q&A Outline Building Blocks Overview Interested Components Under the Hood Random Topics Get Dirty Development Code Q&A Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System
- 37. Outline Building Blocks Under the Hood Get Dirty Q&A Q&A Questions? Chia-I Wu olv@0xlab.org Introduction to Android Window System