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Europe Erupts In War
- 1. WWII 1939-1941 EUROPE ERUPTS IN WAR
- 2. QUESTIONS OF THE DAY
- 3. APPEASEMENT Hitler promised British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlin that after he acquired Sudetenland he would stop Chamberlin took the approach of appeasement Giving in to demands to maintain peace Others believed Hitler was not going to stop Including Winston Churchill
- 4. NEVILLE CHAMBERLIN AND ADOLF HITLER “Peace for our time”
- 5. HITLER’S EARLY MOVES Captures remaining part of Czechoslovakia Establishes a pact with Italy Announces nonaggression pact with Soviet Union
- 6. HITLER AND STALIN Non-aggression pact outlined that: Soviet Union would stay out of Germany’s way as it continued to expand Germany would not attack Soviet Union Germany agrees to give parts of soon-to-be- conquered territory to Soviet Union Reactions: Shocked British and French Stalin feared Hitler, believe working with Nazis offered security
- 7. HITLER ATTACKS POLAND Dressed German criminal in Polish military uniform Took him to German- Poland border and shot him Claimed it had been an attack by Poland Launched massive invasion of Poland
- 8. HITLER ATTACKS POLAND Germans used blitzkrieg Combination of air and fast-moving armored strikes to drive deep into enemy territory Couldn’t stop German attack By end of September 1939 Poland was in German hands
- 9. THE ALLIES Britain and France Planned invasion of joined forces France through Ardennes forest Declared war on Germany – Sept. French thought it too dense to pass through 3, 1939 Troops were located Waited to for German’s north and south of to make next move Ardennes But Germans did not Maginot Line attack during winter 1939-40 Time known as sitzkrieg
- 10. THE MAGINOT LINE Protection of France
- 11. HITLER STRIKES AGAIN April 1940 forces capture Denmark & Norway Improve German’s access to Atlantic Ocean
- 12. MOVING TOWARDS FRANCE May 1940 – Germans conquer Netherlands and Belgium By early June, Germans had trapped Allied soldiers at French port of Dunkirk Allied ships and civilian boats rescue 340,00 troops from the port and carried them to Britain.
- 13. FRANCE FALLS Germans broke through Ardennes forest Bypassed Maginot Line Shattered France’s defense End of June, France surrendered to Germany & Italy Germans occupy majority of France Unoccupied regions (known as Vichy France) were controlled by officials who cooperated with Hitler French leaders fled to Britain to organize resistance effort
- 14. GERMAN MILITARY IN FRANCE During German occupation of France
- 15. BATTLE OF BRITAIN Britain stood alone, led by Winston Churchill Churchill refused to consider negotiations
- 16. BATTLE OF BRITAIN Step 1: Germans try to Step 2: Luftwaffe destroy Royal Air (German air force) Force began bombing London Result: FAILURE Result: Thousands dead Using radar, the RAF Churchill kept spirits up detected approaching British stopped Luftwaffe planes & inflicted heavy Hitler called off invasion damage upon them
- 23. TENSIONS IN EAST ASIA 1930’s • Japanese nationalists (military) influence increasing • Japan expands naval forces 1934 • Violates of Washington Naval Conference • Japan signed anticommunism pact with 1936 Germany (connection to Europe’s Fascists) 1937 • Begins war with China • Forms military alliance with Germany and Italy – 1940 the 3 become known as Axis Powers
- 24. TENSIONS IN THE FAR EAST 1941 – Forces take control of French Indochina Approved by French Vichy Modern day Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia Threatened British and American oil interests in the region Roosevelt took action, denying Japan access to vital oil supplies General Hideki Tojo refused to compromise October 1941, Tojo took control of the country Time for compromise was over