PRESENT PERFECT AN PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

1. UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL
ECUADOR
FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y
CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN

2. ESCUELA DE IDIOMAS
NAME: JULIANA MUÑOZ

3. PRESENT PERFECT

4. Time Present Perfect is used to speak of actions begun in the past and
still continue in the present. For example:
I have been here since Monday.
To form it, using the auxiliary HAVE, conjugated to the appropriate
person (changes only for the third person singular), followed by the past
participle, which is equal for everyone.

5. Look below BE verb conjugation.
TO BE
I have been
You have been
He has been
She has been
It has been
We have been
You have been
They have been

6. For regular verbs, the past participle is formed by taking the verb
itself and adding "ed" or "d" if it ends in a vowel. If it ends in "y" is
changed to “ied".
We have played tennis for two hours.
She has arrived late again.
You have studied a lot.

7. The irregular verbs have their own past participle and the only way to learn is
to memorize them. They are usually those in the third column of the lists
of irregular verbs in English dictionaries.
For example, the past participle of the verb TO SEE (see) is "seen". It is
always the same for all people.
We have seen many people around here.
She has seen many people around here.

8. The negative form of the auxiliary HAVE consists in its negative
form (conjugated to the appropriate person), followed by the past
participle, which is equal for everyone.
I haven't seen him yet.

9. We present here a brief list of some irregular verbs with past participle. Try to
remember!
INFINITIVE PAST PARTICIPLE
go (ir) gone
have (tener) had
write (escribir) written
read (leer) read
catch (atrapar) caught
fall (caer) fallen
hear (escuchar) heard
see (ver) seen
say (decir) said
give (dar) given
know (saber) known

10. Present Perfect - Positive Sentences

11. Present Perfect - Negative Sentences

12. Present Perfect - Yes/No Questions

13. Present Perfect - Information Questions

14. Present Perfect vs. Simple Past
No time to be confused with Present Perfect Simple Past time. Notice the
difference in meaning between these sentences:
I have just had lunch.
(is an action commenced in the past and
recently completed)
I had lunch five hours ago.
(it is a completed action in the past).

15. The Present Perfect suggests a relationship between this current and
past. Instead, the Simple Past always refers to the past.
Therefore, when using Simple Past, indicate when the action took
place.

16. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

17. This verb form is used when interesting to note the action itself rather
than the result, not required if the action is finished or not (the action
started in the past and may eventually even to terminate or continue).
I have been reading a book
(highlight what I've been doing, not to indicate if I have
finished the book or not)

18. Form of the Present Perfect Continuous
We form the Present Perfect with have, been and the verb with the
ending -ing.
have/has + been + infinitive + -ing
has: 3rd person singular (he, she, it)
have: all other forms
This time is also used to indicate the duration of an action that began in the
past (and who has just completed or still ongoing).

19. Affirmative sentences
I/we/you/they have been playing volleyball.
He/she/it has been playing volleyball.
NOTE: We use has in the 3rd person singular
(he, she, it).
I have been playing tennis for two hours.
I have been waiting for him for 1 hour.
(you may just get someone else or that
I still continue to wait, the context will
determine one way or another)
The use of this time indicates that the issuer believes that the time has been
long.

20. Negative sentences
I/we/you/they have not been playing volleyball.
He/she/it has not been playing volleyball.
NOTE: We use has + not in the 3rd person singular (he, she, it).
Negative Negative Short Form
I have not been walking I haven't been walking
you have not been running you haven't been running
he has not been cooking he hasn't been cooking
she has not been swimming she hasn't been swimming
it has not been raining it hasn't been raining
we have not been studying we haven't been studying
they have not been sleeping they haven't been sleeping

21. Can you guess how to make the question form of the present perfect
continuous? It's not very difficult - just put 'have' or 'has' before the subject:
'Yes / No' Questions
Have I been walking?
Have you been running?
Has he been cooking?
Has she been swimming?
Has it been raining?
Have we been studying?
Have they been sleeping?

22. For 'wh' questions put the question word first:
'Yes / No' Questions
what have I been doing?
where have you been running?
what has he been studying?
why has she been working today?
how long has it been raining?
how long have we been watching this film?
how long have they been living here?

23. Do you have any question?