1. Jim Dangerfield
Jennifer O’Connor
Ian de la Roche
DISASTER RELIEF: EXPLORING
DISASTER RELIEF: THE
REBUILDING CHALLENGE
October 2011 Opportunities and Issues for the Wood Products
Industry

2. Presentation Outline
 Issue: Housing losses due to disasters
 Possible Solution: North American housing
 Case Study: Indonesia
 Delivery Model: Canadian partnership
 Concluding Remarks

3. Global Disasters Are Devastating
Taiwan 1999

4. Global Disasters Are Devastating
Pakistan 2005

5. Global Disasters Are Devastating
Sichuan2008

6. Global Disasters Are Devastating
Italy 2009

7. Global Disasters Are Devastating
Haiti 2010

8. Global Disasters Are Devastating
Chile 2010

9. Global Disasters Are Devastating
New Zealand 2011

10. Global Disasters Are Devastating
USA 2005

11. Global Disasters Are Devastating
Japan 2011

12. Global Disasters Are Devastating
Turkey 1999 Java 2006 Sichuan 2008
45,000 killed 5,800 killed 68,000 killed
0.6 million homeless 1.5 million homeless 5 million homeless
GREGORY BULL / AP
Indian Ocean 2004 Pakistan 2005 Haiti 2010
230,000 killed 80,000 killed 200,000 killed
1.7 million homeless 3.3 million homeless 2 million homeless

13. Disasters 1974-2003
 6,367 Disasters
 2 Million deaths
 183 Million made homeless
 Average of 1 million homes needed annually
 Impact of damage ranges from $1.3 to $131 billion
Source: Brussels Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters

14. Presentation Outline
 Issue: Housing losses due to disasters
 Possible Solution: North American housing
 Case Study: Indonesia
 Delivery Model: Canadian partnership
 Concluding Remarks

15. The North American Experience
Light frame wood
construction was invented
in North America in the
1830s.
We have nearly 200 years
of experience with it.
The North American system
is recognized worldwide for
quality, comfort, safety and
economy.

16. Settling Western Canada

17. Pre-fab Housing: A Long History
Ready-to-
assemble
pre-cut
packages
were
available in
catalogues
from several
suppliers.
Catalogue
pages from 1915

18. A Canadian Experience
1945

19. An Evolving System

20. Presentation Outline
 Issue: Housing losses due to disasters
 Possible Solution: North American housing
 Case Study: Indonesia
 Delivery Model: Canadian partnership
 Concluding Remarks

21. Pre-fab Case Study
Canada’s factory-
built housing
sector explored a
post-tsunami
response in
Indonesia, 2005.
First, a 10-house
demonstration
was funded by
BC Forestry
Innovation
Investment.

22. Pre-fab Case Study
Then, Canadian
company (and
demonstration
participant) Britco
Structures secured a
contract from Save
the Children USA.
A total of 448 houses
were supplied from
BC to several
villages in Aceh
province, Sumatra,
Indonesia.

23. The Britco Experience
Save the Children was
very concerned about
performance after some
failures in their first
housing efforts.
Save the Children chose
pre-fab to address
sustainability, durability
and quality concerns.
Indonesian architect (and
head of Indonesian
reconstruction agency
BRR) helped in the design.
Careful wood treatment for
termites and decay.
Imperfect client/supplier
relationship – lessons
learned.

24. The Britco House

25. Britco Houses, Four Years Later
We sent a team of experts to examine durability,
acceptance and adaptation of the houses
supplied to Aceh from BC, and other examples
built by other NGOs.

26. Key Lesson:
Outstanding Performance in Aceh
Four years later, the
Britco houses show
superior performance
and acceptance.

27. Presentation Outline
 Issue: Housing losses due to disasters
 Possible Solution: North American housing
 Case Study: Indonesia
 Delivery Model: Canadian partnership
 Concluding Remarks

28. What We Did
 Assessed supply-side: Looked at pre-fab
industry capacity, willingness, business issues.
 Assessed demand-side: Learned about the
customers (e.g. NGOs) and their needs.
 Assessed potential for a total Canadian solution
including forest management, codes, training,
etc.
 Proposed a logistical model for delivery and
proposed next steps.

29. How We Did It
 Interviews with Canadian humanitarian aid community,
including government.
 Interviews with pre-fab housing industry.
 Literature review and expert assistance in humanitarian
reconstruction.
 Expert assistance in future trends affecting affordable
housing and pre-fab response.
 Field assessment of Canadian pre-fab in Indonesia.
 Carbon footprint for Canadian pre-fab vs. concrete.

30. Potential Markets
 Disaster recovery: Transitional or permanent
shelter.
 Affordable housing/urban slums.
 Geographic targets: wood-friendly, Canada-
friendly, seismic zones, etc.
 Some NGOs are actually seeking better supply
chains and are interested in closer relationship
with industry.
 Their budgets are challenging.

31. Supplier Links Are Critical
 Past experience has been small-scale only, no
coordinated effort.
 Suppliers must be integrated into a recovery
network.
 Good stories from Kobe, Indonesia, Sichuan –
but minimal impact. Haiti maybe?
 FEMA model could work?

32. Key Lesson:
Disaster Recovery Is Complex
 Shelter solution - a plug-in to a big multi-
stakeholder process.
 Recovery is not about the house – it’s about
the NGO’s ability to put the right house in the
right place.
 NGOs have a lot on their plate.
 NGO/Supplier relationship is important – may
be best assisted with a go-between.

33. A Multi-Stakeholder Process
A shelter
delivery
model needs
to align with
the complex
world of
post-disaster
aid and
affordable
housing.
Figure adapted from the Shelter Centre.

34. Key Lesson:
Canada CAN Supply The Product
• Low-cost, high
volume pre-fab
required.
• At least 35,000
housing units
per year
capacity.
• Strong industry
interest.
• Provided their
comfort zone
is maintained.

35. Presentation Outline
 Issue: Housing losses due to disasters
 Possible Solution: North American housing
 Case Study: Indonesia
 Delivery Model: Canadian partnership
 Concluding Remarks

36. Recommendation:
A Holistic Approach
© Center For International Forestry Research/Manuel Boissiere – used with permission, sourced from Flickr
Supply chain integration for a total solution

37. Recommendation:
A Holistic Approach
In addition to shelter, we could probably offer:
 Sustainable forest management expertise.
 Help set up local wood manufacturing
 Demonstration buildings.
 Wood frame codes, standards, training
 Home financing expertise

38. Recommendation:
A Canadian Shelter Cluster
Canada Gov’t Private
Funding Funding
Other
Funding
Canadian Shelter
Cluster Canadian
NGOs
Canadian
Gov’t Depts
Canadian
Resources
Shelter
Coordinator
Canadian Pre-Fab
Manufacturers
Canadian NGOs and/or
3rd Party Construction
Management In-Country
Resources
In-Country
Organizations

39. Recommendation:
Next Steps
Work with suppliers:
 Establish a pre-fab disaster recovery network of suppliers.
 Align with international shelter guidelines.
 Prototype design and possible demonstration.
 Pricing and business model.
Develop partnerships:
 Global: UN Habitat, Shelter Centre, World Bank, IFRC, etc.
 Canadian Red Cross
 BC disaster preparedness
 Related government and non-government groups; wood industry
Develop a marketing plan:
 Size of market and best targets; Competitor analysis.
 Canadian/international sales pitch.
 Image control/QA/CSA
 Branding.

40. Thank You
BC Builder Randy
Plewes, in Aceh,
Indonesia