An introductory presentation on the prov ontology

1. An Elevator Pitch of the PROV Ontology
<Jun Zhao@University of Oxford>
<prov:actedOnBehalfOf>
<prov‐o team>

2. <hEp://www.w3.org/ns/prov#>
• A lightweight OWL‐RL ontology
• Provenance informaMon interchange

4. <hEp://www.w3.org/ns/prov#>
• A lightweight OWL‐RL ontology
• Provenance informaMon interchange
• A domain‐neutral ontology
– Designed to be extensible
– Dublin Core profile, the Provenance Vocabulary
extension (hEp://purl.org/net/provenance/ns#)

5. PROV‐O at a glance
• StarMng point terms
– The basis for the rest of the ontology
– 3 classes + (8+4) properMes
• Expanded terms
– AddiMonal terms
– Can be used in the same as starMng point terms
• Terms for qualifying relaMonships
– Provide statements on the binary relaMonships
• Terms for collecMons

6. StarMng‐point Terms
actedOnBehalfOf wasDerivedFrom
wasAEributedTo generatedAtTime xsd:dateTime
Agent
Agent EnMty
invalidatedAtTime xsd:dateTime
wasGeneratedBy
wasInvalidatedBy used
wasAssociatedWith AcM
AcMvity
vity
startedAtTime endedAtTime
wasInformedBy
xsd:dateTime xsd:dateTime

7. The Crime Data Example
Based on the data from
the Excel, Derek created
a bar chart
What is the provenance of
the bar chart?
Based on Paul Groth’s slides to the HCLSIG group

8. EnMMes
• An enMty is a thing in the
world one wants to Bar chart
provide provenance for
• Can be physical, digital,
conceptual, or otherwise AggregaMon
– Document at a URI csv
– A file in a local file system
– A car
– An idea

9. AcMviMes
• An acMvity is something that
occurs over a period of Mme
and acts upon or with enMMes.
• Examples:
– publishing of a document on
the web
IllustraMon acMvity
– sending a twiEer message
– driving a car from Boston to
Cambridge
– assembling a data set based
on a set of measurements
– performing a staMsMcal AggregaMon acMvity
analysis over a data set
– running a SPARQL query over
a triple store

10. Agents
• An agent bears some
form of responsibility for
an acMvity taking place.
• An agent may act on
Derek
behalf of another agent
when involved with an
acMvity.
Chart
• Examples generaMon
– Person organizaMon
– OrganizaMon
– Soaware

11. Describe Provenance of the Chart
• Genera6on is the
wasGeneratedBy completed producMon
Bar chart
IllustraMon
acMvity
of a new enMty by an
acMvity
• Examples:
– The creaMon of a linked
dataset
– The publicaMon of a new
version of a document

12. Describe Provenance of the Chart
• GeneraMon is the
completed producMon of a
wasGeneratedBy new enMty by an acMvity
Bar chart
IllustraMon • Deriva6on is used to specify
acMvity
that the creaMon/existence
of an enMty was influenced
in some way by the
wasDerivedFrom consumpMon of another
• Examples
AggregaMon – The bar chart is a visualizaMon
csv of the data in the CSV file
– A linked dataset that is a
transformaMon of a relaMonal
database

13. Describe Provenance of the Chart
• GeneraMon is the
completed producMon of
wasGeneratedBy
IllustraMon
a new enMty by an acMvity
Bar chart
acMvity • DerivaMon is used to
specify that the creaMon/
wasDerivedFrom
wasAEributedTo existence of an enMty was
Derek
influenced in some way
by the consumpMon of
AggregaMon
csv
another
• An enMty can be
a9ributed to an agent

14. Describe Provenance of the Chart
2011-04-25^^xsd:dateTime
• GeneraMon is the
generatedAtTime completed producMon of
wasGeneratedBy a new enMty by an acMvity
IllustraMon
Bar chart
acMvity • DerivaMon is used to
specify that the creaMon/
existence of an enMty was
wasAEributedTo
wasDerivedFrom influenced in some way
Derek by the consumpMon of
another
AggregaMon
csv • An enMty can be
aEributed to an agent
• When was it generated?

15. Describe How
• Usage is the beginning
of uMlizing an enMty by
an acMvity.
IllustraMon
• Examples
acMvity – A program beginning to
used read a
configuraMon file
AggregaMon – The illustraMon process
csv used a CSV file to
generate the bar chart

16. Describe How
• Usage is the beginning
of uMlizing an enMty by
an acMvity.
IllustraMon
• AcMviMes may depend
acMvity on each other because
used an acMvity used an
wasInformedBy
enMty that was
AggregaMon AggregaMon generated by another
csv
acMvity
acMvity

17. Describe How
• Usage is the beginning of uMlizing an
enMty by an acMvity
• AcMviMes may depend on each other
because an acMvity used an enMty that
wasAssociatedWith was generated by another acMvity
• AcMvity associaMon is an assignment
IllustraMon
acMvity
Derek of responsibility to an agent for an
acMvity, indicaMng that the agent
used had an acMve role in the acMvity
wasInformedBy • Examples
– CreaMon of the bar chart by Derek
AggregaMon AggregaMon – A public event, sponsored by a
acMvity csv company, and hosted by a museum
– An XSLT transform iniMated by a user

18. Describe How
2011-04-25^^xsd:dateTime • Usage is the beginning of uMlizing an
2011-04-25^^xsd:dateTime enMty by an acMvity
• AcMviMes may depend on each other
startedAtTime endedAtTime because an acMvity used an enMty that
wasAssociatedWith was generated by another acMvity
• AcMvity associaMon is an assignment
IllustraMon
acMvity
Derek of responsibility to an agent for an
acMvity, indicaMng that the agent
used had an acMve role in the acMvity
wasInformedBy • When was an acMvity started or ended?
AggregaMon AggregaMon
acMvity csv

19. Describe Who
• Responsibility is the fact
that an agent is accountable
for the acMons of a
actedOnBehalfOf
Chart "subordinate" agent, in the
Derek generaMon context of an acMvity.
organizaMon
• Example
– Derek acted on behalf of the
company to generate the bar
chart, probably for a user
– the student acted on behalf
of his supervisor, who acted
on behalf of the department
chair, who acted on behalf of
the university

20. Expanded Terms
• More specific terms
– Agent and DerivaMon
• Provenance of dynamic resources
– specializaMonOf, alternateOf
• Provenance of provenance
– Account ??
• AddiMonal descripMons
– E.g., LocaMon
• Miscellaneous
– generated, wasStartedBy, wasEndedBy

21. Terms for QualificaMon
prov:used
AcMvity EnMty
Starting-point relationship
Qualification relationships

22. Terms for QualificaMon
xsd:dateTime
prov:atTime
prov:qualifiedUsage Usage prov:enMty
prov:used
AcMvity EnMty
Starting-point relationship
Qualification relationships

23. Terms for QualificaMon
xsd:dateTime
prov:atTime
prov:qualifiedUsage Usage prov:enMty
prov:used
AcMvity EnMty
prov:wasAssociatedWith
AcMvity Agent
AssociaMon prov:agent
prov:qualifiedAssociaMon
prov:hadPlan
Starting-point relationship
Plan Qualification relationships

24. Status
• Core constructs are stable
• Working hard on polishing the spec
• OWL RL ontology available but under revision
– OWL RL++?
– Sync with the DM document

25. Provenance Tutorial
International Provenance and Annotation Workshop
(IPAW 2012)
Santa Barbara, California
June 19, 2012
http://ipaw2012.bren.ucsb.edu/
Gegng to know PROV ‐ the W3C Provenance SpecificaMons
(ISWC2012 Boston)
11/12 November, 2012
TBD