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- 3. The Context: Elizabethan Era Queen Elizabeth I‟s reign (1558-1603) England‟s “Golden Age” Economically stable Peaceful Era of change: religion, science, arts, politics, expansion… Famous for its poetry, music, and literature MOST famous for its theatre
- 4. The Family of household Men were the undisputed head Women had no rights, could not own property or money, but could influence their husband Children were considered property Was not unusual to be married very young Use of wet nurse = lack of parental bond Familial honour was very important The slightest wrong/insult needed to be avenged Violence Civil unrest Death
- 5. The Playwright: William Shakespeare Born in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, on April 23, 1564 Married Ann Hathaway when he was eighteen…and she was twenty-six Believed he became a member of a travelling acting troupe 1592: Good reputation as playwright and actor
- 6. Shakespeare Began as a „freelance‟ writer, adapting old plays and collaborating with others Wrote 37 plays (approximately) Not all were published in his lifetime Not all appeared with his name as the author Retired and returned to Stratford as a wealthy man Died on his birthday (April 23) in 1616
- 7. The Problems with Shakespeare Some plays have different act and scene divisions than others, because the originals had no divisions Some include intended stage directions, some do not Modern editing can sometimes lead to word/meaning change Some words and lines are pure guesswork We, as a class, will come to the pronunciation that we are most comfortable with and can refer to a dictionary as much as we need to!
- 8. The Elizabethan Theatre The first purpose-built theatre in London, The Theatre, was built in 1576 Was situated outside of the city limits, so as to not cause conflict with authorities Moral, political, and medical issues As the theatre craze grew, The Curtain (1577) and The Rose (1587) opened, and the demand for plays increased Shakespeare performed at The Theatre until 1598, when a leasing issue led Shakespeare to open his own theatre: The Globe
- 9. The Globe Theatre New style, smaller than current theatres Held around 500 patrons Playbills around city Took place during daylight, in good weather The flag and the trumpet Admission Seating
- 10. The Globe Theatre Playgoers relied heavily on playwrights descriptions, as well as their own imagination Costumes modern and lavish The Heavens and the Trap Door Sets no curtain no scenery no lighting balcony
- 13. The Actors Child/youth troupes were constant competition Intimacy with audience allowed for soliloquys and asides An average theatre had twenty-five actors, half were stakeholders, the rest were part-timers Specialists Plays were written to suit the actors available All male casts, even for shows with love scenes until 1660
- 14. Plays in the Elizabethan Era be good reads Plays were not considered to Written quickly, often by more than one writer Sometimes performed only 10-12 times and then discarded; usually on alternating days Many of Shakespeare‟s plays show conflict between parents and children Genres History Tragedy Comedy/Satire Pastoral Morality
- 15. Romeo and Juliet Believed to be based on a 3rd Century Italian love story 1562: Arthur Brooke‟s poem The Tragical Historie of Romeo and Juliet ~1595 Main idea: Two star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately unite their feuding families Love story or tragedy? Comedy
- 16. So…what are they saying? Thee or Thou You would Hello Listen Good morrow Yes Anon Please Aye or Yay Come here Thou would‟st Exclamation of surprise Hark! Good bye/Later Come hither Hello Prithee You
- 17. Terms of Endearment Gaffer Grandfather Lusty Wench or Fair Beautiful young Maiden woman Sweeting A petname for your boyfriend/girlfriend Poppet A child or a small doll
- 18. Don't fear the language...