This document discusses the history and treatment of schizophrenia. It describes how schizophrenia was viewed in ancient Egypt as possession by demons or evil spirits. It then outlines the major treatments for schizophrenia, including electroconvulsive therapy, cognitive psychotherapy, social skills training, individual therapy, relapse prevention programs, hospitalization if needed, family support, antipsychotic medications, atypical antipsychotic medications that have fewer side effects, other medications like antidepressants and mood stabilizers, and the experiences of the author mentoring a nurse who works with dementia patients.

1. Schizophrenia
Kala Conley
Senior Seminar
May 2011

2. Why I chose this topic

3. History of schizophrenia

4. History of schizophrenia
Pharaonic Egyptians
2000B.C.

5. History of schizophrenia
Pharaonic Egyptians
2000B.C.
Demons and evil sprits

6. History of schizophrenia
Pharaonic Egyptians
2000B.C.
Demons and evil sprits
Dr. Emile Kraepelin-
1887

7. Case Studies

8. Case Studies
Shonda ~ paranoid schizophrenia

9. Case Studies
Shonda ~ paranoid schizophrenia
Maddie ~ 50 years old ~ undifferentiated
schizophrenia

10. Case Studies
Shonda ~ paranoid schizophrenia
Maddie ~ 50 years old ~ undifferentiated
schizophrenia

11. Audio Clip
“Janssen’s Mindstorm”

12. Audio Clip
“Janssen’s Mindstorm”

13. Electroconvulsive “Shock” Therapy (ECT)

14. Electroconvulsive “Shock” Therapy (ECT)
❖ Low voltage electric current

15. Electroconvulsive “Shock” Therapy (ECT)
❖ Low voltage electric current
❖Short lasting barbiturate

16. Electroconvulsive “Shock” Therapy (ECT)
❖ Low voltage electric current
❖Short lasting barbiturate
❖ May experience a brief period of confusion, headache or
muscle stiffness.

17. Cognitive Psychotherapy

18. Cognitive Psychotherapy
❖Teaches beliefs, expectations,
assessments of self, the world,
the nature of personal
problems in the world, how we
perceive ourselves and others,
how we handle problems, and
how successful we are in
reaching goals in life

19. Social Skills Training

20. Social Skills Training
❖The work field

21. Social Skills Training
❖The work field
❖Social skills

22. Social Skills Training
❖The work field
❖Social skills

23. Individual Therapy

24. Individual Therapy
❖ Helps patients learn to
handle difficult situations
with stress.

25. Individual Therapy
❖ Helps patients learn to
handle difficult situations
with stress.
❖ Helps to notice early
warning signs of relapse

26. Relapse Prevention Programs

27. Relapse Prevention Programs
Other patients help

28. Relapse Prevention Programs
Other patients help
Peer Support Groups

29. Relapse Prevention Programs
Other patients help
Peer Support Groups

30. Hospitalization

31. Hospitalization
Treatment for:
Severe Delusions
Serious suicidal thoughts
Inability to care for oneself
Severe drug/alcohol abuse

32. Hospitalization
Treatment for:
Severe Delusions
Serious suicidal thoughts
Inability to care for oneself
Severe drug/alcohol abuse

33. Hospitalization
Treatment for:
Severe Delusions
Serious suicidal thoughts
Inability to care for oneself
Severe drug/alcohol abuse

34. Family Support

35. Family Support
Good way of communicating with the family

36. Family Support
Good way of communicating with the family
Teaches how to interact with someone on either a good or
bad day.

37. Family Support
Good way of communicating with the family
Teaches how to interact with someone on either a good or
bad day.
Educates them on what possibly could be going on in their
brain.

38. Family Support
Good way of communicating with the family
Teaches how to interact with someone on either a good or
bad day.
Educates them on what possibly could be going on in their
brain.

39. Antipsychotic Medications

40. Antipsychotic Medications
Help relieve the positive symptoms
of the disease by correcting an
imbalance in chemicals that enable
brain cells to communicate with each
other by blocking the receptors in the
brain of dopamine.

41. Antipsychotic Medications
Help relieve the positive symptoms
of the disease by correcting an
imbalance in chemicals that enable
brain cells to communicate with each
other by blocking the receptors in the
brain of dopamine.

42. Antipsychotic Medications
Help relieve the positive symptoms
of the disease by correcting an
imbalance in chemicals that enable
brain cells to communicate with each
other by blocking the receptors in the
brain of dopamine.

43. Antipsychotic Medications
Help relieve the positive symptoms
of the disease by correcting an
imbalance in chemicals that enable
brain cells to communicate with each
other by blocking the receptors in the
brain of dopamine.

44. Atypical Medications

45. Atypical Medications
Serotonin

46. Atypical Medications
Serotonin
Fewer side effects

47. Atypical Medications
Serotonin
Fewer side effects
Reduce negative and positive symptoms

48. Atypical Medications
Serotonin
Fewer side effects
Reduce negative and positive symptoms

49. Atypical Medications
Serotonin
Fewer side effects
Reduce negative and positive symptoms

50. Atypical Medications
Serotonin
Fewer side effects
Reduce negative and positive symptoms

51. Other Medications

52. Other Medications

53. Other Medications

54. Other Medications
Anti-depressants

55. Other Medications
Anti-depressants
Anti-anxiety

56. Other Medications
Anti-depressants
Anti-anxiety
Lithium

57. Other Medications
Anti-depressants
Anti-anxiety
Lithium
Anti-Epileptic

58. My Mentorship

59. My Mentorship

60. My Mentorship

61. My Mentorship

62. My Mentorship
Cathy Chandler

63. My Mentorship
Machias Veterans’ Home
Cathy Chandler

64. My Mentorship
Machias Veterans’ Home
Dementia Patients
Cathy Chandler

65. My Project

66. My Project
Book of
medications
to treat
schizophrenia

67. Any Questions?