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Switching in an
              Enterprise Network



              Introducing Routing and Switching in the Enterprise –
              Chapter 3




Version 4.0       © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   1
Objectives
   Compare the types of switches used in an enterprise
    network.
   Explain how Spanning Tree Protocol prevents
    switching loops.
   Describe and configure VLANs on a Cisco switch.
   Describe and configure trunking and Inter-VLAN
    routing.
   Maintain VLANs in an enterprise network.




    © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   2
Compare the Types of Switches Used in an
  Enterprise Network
 Switching and network segmentation
 Content addressable memory (CAM)
 Virtual circuits




    © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   3
Compare the Types of Switches Used in an
  Enterprise Network
 Hardware-based Layer 2 switching
 Software-based Layer-3 (multilayer) switching




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   4
Compare the Types of Switches Used in an
  Enterprise Network
 Store and forward switching
 Cut-through switching
    Fast-forward
    Fragment-free




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   5
Compare the Types of Switches Used in an
  Enterprise Network
 Switch physical security
 Switch access security




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   6
Explain How Spanning Tree Protocol Prevents
   Switching Loops
 Redundancy in network equipment
 Redundant network links
 Dangers of switching loops
 Broadcast storms




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   7
Explain How Spanning Tree Protocol Prevents
   Switching Loops
 Create a loop-free logical topology
 Potential loop detection and port blocking
 Redundancy without switching loops




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   8
Explain How Spanning Tree Protocol Prevents
   Switching Loops
 Determining a root bridge
 Bridge ID (BID)
 Root ports, designated ports, and blocked ports




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   9
Explain How Spanning Tree Protocol Prevents
   Switching Loops
 STP recalculations
 Minimizing downtime
    PortFast
    UplinkFast
    BackboneFast




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   10
Explain How Spanning Tree Protocol Prevents
Switching Loops

 Spanning-tree verification commands




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   11
Explain How Spanning Tree Protocol Prevents
   Switching Loops
 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
 Discarding
 Active topology




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   12
Describe and Configure VLANs on a Cisco
   Switch
 Virtual LANs
 Logical networks
 Broadcast control
 Transparent to end-users




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   13
Describe and Configure VLANs on a Cisco
Switch

 VLAN functions
 VLAN membership
    Static
    Dynamic




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   14
Describe and Configure VLANs on a Cisco
   Switch
 VLAN 1: management VLAN
 VLAN numbers and names
 Port assignment




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   15
Describe and Configure VLANs on a Cisco
Switch
 VLAN verification commands
 Deleting a VLAN
 Removing a port from a VLAN




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   16
Describe and Configure VLANs on a Cisco
   Switch
 VLAN ID
 Frame tagging: IEEE 802.1Q




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   17
Describe and Configure Trunking and Inter-
   VLAN Routing
• Trunk port characteristics
    Point-to-point link
    Carry multiple-VLAN traffic over single link

• Support for frame tagging
• Trunk modes




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   18
Describe and Configure Trunking and Inter-
   VLAN Routing
 Extending VLANs across switches
 Configuring a native VLAN




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   19
Describe and Configure Trunking and Inter-
   VLAN Routing
 Connectivity between different VLANs
 Subinterfaces
 Router-on-a-stick




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   20
Maintain VLAN Structure on an Enterprise
   Network
 VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) purpose and goals
 Management domain
 VTP modes: server, client, transparent
 VLAN database
 Configuration revision number




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   21
Maintain VLAN Structure on an Enterprise
Network

 VTP messages
    Summary advertisements
    Subset advertisements
    Advertisement requests




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   22
Maintain VLAN Structure on an Enterprise
   Network
 Configuring VTP
 Verifying VTP configuration




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   23
Maintain VLAN Structure on an Enterprise
   Network
 VLANs and IP phones
 VLANs and wireless security




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   24
Maintain VLAN Structure on an Enterprise
   Network
 VLAN best practices
 VLAN security




   © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   25
Summary
 Switches forward traffic using store and forward or cut-through
  techniques
 Basic security features should be applied to switches
 A VLAN is a way to group hosts on the same logical network even
  though they may be physically separated
 Frame tagging allows a switch to identify the source VLAN of an
  Ethernet frame.
 A Layer 3 device is needed to move traffic between different
  VLANs.
 Subinterfaces allow router interfaces to support multiple VLANs.
 VLAN Trunking Protocol provides centralized control, distribution
  and maintenance of VLANs.


     © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   26
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.   Cisco Public   27

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CCNA RS_NB - Chapter 4CCNA RS_NB - Chapter 4
CCNA RS_NB - Chapter 4
 

CCNA Discovery 3 - Chapter 3

  • 1. Switching in an Enterprise Network Introducing Routing and Switching in the Enterprise – Chapter 3 Version 4.0 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1
  • 2. Objectives  Compare the types of switches used in an enterprise network.  Explain how Spanning Tree Protocol prevents switching loops.  Describe and configure VLANs on a Cisco switch.  Describe and configure trunking and Inter-VLAN routing.  Maintain VLANs in an enterprise network. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2
  • 3. Compare the Types of Switches Used in an Enterprise Network  Switching and network segmentation  Content addressable memory (CAM)  Virtual circuits © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3
  • 4. Compare the Types of Switches Used in an Enterprise Network  Hardware-based Layer 2 switching  Software-based Layer-3 (multilayer) switching © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4
  • 5. Compare the Types of Switches Used in an Enterprise Network  Store and forward switching  Cut-through switching Fast-forward Fragment-free © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5
  • 6. Compare the Types of Switches Used in an Enterprise Network  Switch physical security  Switch access security © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6
  • 7. Explain How Spanning Tree Protocol Prevents Switching Loops  Redundancy in network equipment  Redundant network links  Dangers of switching loops  Broadcast storms © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7
  • 8. Explain How Spanning Tree Protocol Prevents Switching Loops  Create a loop-free logical topology  Potential loop detection and port blocking  Redundancy without switching loops © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8
  • 9. Explain How Spanning Tree Protocol Prevents Switching Loops  Determining a root bridge  Bridge ID (BID)  Root ports, designated ports, and blocked ports © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9
  • 10. Explain How Spanning Tree Protocol Prevents Switching Loops  STP recalculations  Minimizing downtime PortFast UplinkFast BackboneFast © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10
  • 11. Explain How Spanning Tree Protocol Prevents Switching Loops  Spanning-tree verification commands © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11
  • 12. Explain How Spanning Tree Protocol Prevents Switching Loops  Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol  Discarding  Active topology © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12
  • 13. Describe and Configure VLANs on a Cisco Switch  Virtual LANs  Logical networks  Broadcast control  Transparent to end-users © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13
  • 14. Describe and Configure VLANs on a Cisco Switch  VLAN functions  VLAN membership Static Dynamic © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14
  • 15. Describe and Configure VLANs on a Cisco Switch  VLAN 1: management VLAN  VLAN numbers and names  Port assignment © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15
  • 16. Describe and Configure VLANs on a Cisco Switch  VLAN verification commands  Deleting a VLAN  Removing a port from a VLAN © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 16
  • 17. Describe and Configure VLANs on a Cisco Switch  VLAN ID  Frame tagging: IEEE 802.1Q © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17
  • 18. Describe and Configure Trunking and Inter- VLAN Routing • Trunk port characteristics Point-to-point link Carry multiple-VLAN traffic over single link • Support for frame tagging • Trunk modes © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 18
  • 19. Describe and Configure Trunking and Inter- VLAN Routing  Extending VLANs across switches  Configuring a native VLAN © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 19
  • 20. Describe and Configure Trunking and Inter- VLAN Routing  Connectivity between different VLANs  Subinterfaces  Router-on-a-stick © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 20
  • 21. Maintain VLAN Structure on an Enterprise Network  VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) purpose and goals  Management domain  VTP modes: server, client, transparent  VLAN database  Configuration revision number © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21
  • 22. Maintain VLAN Structure on an Enterprise Network  VTP messages Summary advertisements Subset advertisements Advertisement requests © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22
  • 23. Maintain VLAN Structure on an Enterprise Network  Configuring VTP  Verifying VTP configuration © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 23
  • 24. Maintain VLAN Structure on an Enterprise Network  VLANs and IP phones  VLANs and wireless security © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24
  • 25. Maintain VLAN Structure on an Enterprise Network  VLAN best practices  VLAN security © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 25
  • 26. Summary  Switches forward traffic using store and forward or cut-through techniques  Basic security features should be applied to switches  A VLAN is a way to group hosts on the same logical network even though they may be physically separated  Frame tagging allows a switch to identify the source VLAN of an Ethernet frame.  A Layer 3 device is needed to move traffic between different VLANs.  Subinterfaces allow router interfaces to support multiple VLANs.  VLAN Trunking Protocol provides centralized control, distribution and maintenance of VLANs. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 26
  • 27. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 27