this presentation contain the technique about OTEC

4. Ocean Thermal
Energy Conversion
OtEC utilizEs thE wOrld’s largEst
solar radiation collector - the
ocean. The ocean contains enough
EnErgy pOwEr all Of thE wOrld’s
OTEC is a way to generate
electrical needs. the temperature
electricity using
difference of sea water at different
depth.

5. DISCOVERY
In 1881 Jacques
Arsene d'Arsonval, a
French physicist, was
the first to propose
tapping the thermal
energy Arsonval
In 1930 of the ocean.
built an
experimental open
cycle OTEC system at
Matazas Bay, Cuba.

6. WORKING PRINCIPLE
OTEC utilizes
the OCEan’s
20ºC natural
thermal
gradient
between the
warm surface
water and the
cold deep sea
water(around

7. Oceans
surface
waters acts
as heat
source
and the cold
water at
1,000 meters

8. 5. Heat
extraction from
COLD DEEP 4. Expanding vapor drive
cold-water sink to WATER the turbine, and electricity
condense the 5C
is created by a generator
working fluid in
the condenser.
CONDENSER
TURBINE
2. Fluid pump pressurizes and
pushes working fluid to evaporator GENERATOR
WORKING FLUID
(LIKE AMMONIA)
EVAPORATOR
3. Heat addition from
the hot-water source
1. Power input to used to evaporate the
WARM SURFACE
pumps to start WATER 28 C working fluid within
process the heat exchanger
(Evaporator)

10. OPEN CYCLE SYSTEM
Open-cycle OTEC uses the
tropical oceans' warm
surface water to make
electricity. When warm
seawater is placed in a
low-pressure container, it
boils. The expanding
steam drives a low-
pressure turbine attached
to an electrical generator.
The steam, which has left
its salt behind in the low-
pressure container, is
almost pure fresh water. It
is condensed back into a
liquid by exposure to cold
temperatures from deep-
ocean water. OPEN CYCLE SYSTEM SYSTEM

11. CLOSED CYCLE SYSYTEM
Closed-cycle systems( Rankine )
use fluid with a low-boiling point,
such as ammonia, to rotate a
turbine to generate electricity.
Here's how it works. Warm
surface seawater is pumped
through a heat exchanger where
the low-boiling-point fluid is
vaporized. The expanding vapor
turns the turbo-generator. Then,
cold, deep seawater—pumped
through a second heat
exchanger—condenses the
vapor back into a liquid, which is
then recycled through the
system.
CLOSED CYCLE SYSTEM SYSTEM

12. ADVANTAGES
i. Eco- friendly
ii. Minimal maintenance costs compared to other power
production plants
iii. Provide air conditioning to buildings within the OTEC plant
iv. Fresh water - first by-product is fresh water. A small 1 MW
OTEC is capable of producing some 4,500 cubic meters of fresh
water per day, enough to supply a population of 20,000 with
fresh water
v. Open cycle OTEC systems can produce desalinated water which
is very important in third-world countries
vi. Chilled soil agriculture- cold seawater flowing through
underground pipes, chills the surrounding soil. Thereby
allowing many plants evolved in temperate to be grown in
subtropics due to temp. difference in the plant roots in cool soil
and plant leaves in warm air

13. ADVANTAGES
Vii. Mineral
Extraction :
OTEC helps in mining
ocean water for 57 trace
elements. Most economic
analyses have suggested
that mining the ocean for
trace elements would be
unprofitable as so much
energy is required to pump
the large volume of water

14. DISADVANTAGES
i. OTEC-produced electricity at
present would cost more than
electricity generated from fossil
fuels at their current costs.
ii.OTEC plants must be located where
a difference of about 20º C occurs
year round. Ocean depths must be
available fairly close to shore-
based facilities for economic
iii.No energy company will put money in
this project because it only had

15. SUMMARY
1. Based on Rankine cycle -
Thermodynamic cycle which
converts heat into work through a
heat engine
2. As with any heat engine , the
greatest efficiency and power is
produced with the largest
temperature differences.
3. Uses the vertical temperature
gradient in the ocean as a heat

16. FUTURE
The fossil fuels will in the near
future be consumed, so we had to find
some alternative energy sources. OTEC
is a source, which uses the renewable
solar collector, the sea, instead of an
artificial collector.
The problem is that this investment
will be more expensive than the fossil
fuels power plants, and it will take a
long time before anyone will put some