DBMS2

10. Some Basic Data Types SQL Create Data Type Description integer (size) int (size) smallint (size) tinyint (size) Hold integers only. The maximum number of digits are specified in parenthesis. Decimal (size, d) numeric (size, d) Hold numbers with fractions. The maximum number of digits are specified in "size". The maximum number of digits to the right of the decimal is specified in "d".

11. Some Basic Data Types (cont.) SQL Create char (size) Holds a fixed length string (can contain letters, numbers, and special characters). The fixed size is specified in parenthesis. varchar (size) Holds a variable length string (can contain letters, numbers, and special characters). The maximum size is specified in parenthesis. date (yyyymmdd) Holds a date

16. ALTER Statement

19. DROP Statement

22. INSERT Statement

26. UPDATE Statement

29. DELETE Statement

32. SELECT Statement

37. Selection Projection Table 1 Table 2 Table 1 Table 1 Join

40. DEPTNO DNAME LOC --------- -------------- ------------- 10 ACCOUNTING MALOLOS 20 RESEARCH HAGONOY 30 SALES CALUMPIT 40 OPERATIONS PULILAN SQL> SELECT * 2 FROM dept;

41. DEPTNO LOC --------- ------------- 10 MALOLOS 20 HAGONOY 30 CALUMPIT 40 PULILAN SQL> SELECT deptno, loc 2 FROM dept;

43. SQL> SELECT ename, sal, sal+300 2 FROM emp; ENAME SAL SAL+300 ---------- --------- --------- ROMEL 20000 20300 JOI 10000 10300 JANE 5000 5300 ANDY 5875 6175 RANDY 11784 12084 MARK 9775 10075 ... 10 rows selected.

45. SQL> SELECT ename, sal, 12*sal+100 2 FROM emp; ENAME SAL 12*SAL+100 ---------- --------- ---------- ROMEL 20000 240100 JOI 10000 120100 JANE 5000 60100 ANDY 5875 70600 RANDY 11784 141508 ... 10 rows selected.

46. SQL> SELECT ename, sal, 12*(sal+100) 2 FROM emp; ENAME SAL 12*(SAL+100) ---------- --------- ----------- ROMEL 20000 241200 JOI 10000 121200 JANE 5000 61200 ANDY 5875 71700 RANDY 11784 142608 ... 10 rows selected.

50. SQL> SELECT ename AS name, sal salary 2 FROM emp; NAME SALARY ------------- --------- ... SQL> SELECT ename "Name", 2 sal*12 "Annual Salary" 3 FROM emp; Name Annual Salary ------------- ------------- ...

52. SQL> SELECT ename + job AS "Employees" 2 FROM emp; Employees ------------------- ROMELPRESIDENT JOISALES MANAGER JANESALES REPRESENTATIVE ANDYSALES REPRESENTATIVE RANDYHEAD ACCOUNTANT ... 10 rows selected.

54. Employee Details ------------------------- ... 10 rows selected. SQL> SELECT ename + ' is a ‘ + job 2 AS "Employee Details" 3 FROM emp; ROMEL is a PRESIDENT JOI is a SALES MANAGER JANE is a SALES REPRESENTATIVE ANDY is a SALES REPRESENTATIVE RANDY is a HEAD ACCOUNTANT

56. Eliminate duplicate rows by using the DISTINCT keyword in the SELECT clause. SQL> SELECT DISTINCT deptno 2 FROM emp; DEPTNO --------- 10 30 40

58. "…retrieve all employees in department 30" EMP EMPNO ENAME JOB ... DEPTNO 1001 ROMEL PRESIDENT 40 1002 JOI SALES M... 30 1003 JANE SALES REP 30 . . . 1006 MARK ACCOUN.. 10 ... EMP EMPNO ENAME JOB ... DEPTNO 1002 JOI SALES M... 30 1003 JANE SALES REP 30 . . .

60. SQL> SELECT ename, deptno 2 FROM emp 3 WHERE deptno=10; ENAME DEPTNO ---------- --------- --------- RANDY 10 MARK 10 JESSA 10

61. Operator = > >= < <= <> Meaning Equal to Greater than Greater than or equal to Less than Less than or equal to Not equal to

62. SQL> SELECT ename,comm 2 FROM emp 3 WHERE comm>=700; ENAME COMM ---------- --------- MARTIN 1000

63. Operator BETWEEN ...AND... IN(list) LIKE IS NULL Meaning Between two values (inclusive) Match any of a list of values Match a character pattern Is a null value

69. Operator AND OR NOT Meaning Returns TRUE if both component conditions are TRUE Returns TRUE if either component condition is TRUE Returns TRUE if the following condition is FALSE