1. Essay:
• The delegates at the Constitutional
Convention were sworn to secrecy.
The exact language of the secrecy
rule was: “That nothing spoken in
the house be printed, or otherwise
published or communicated without
leave.” Why do you think they
enforced this rule? Give two
reasons.
3. • Decided to scrap the Articles completely and
start over
• Created a REPUBLIC
– Elected representatives govern the people
4. Compromises of the Constitution
•
•
•
•
Called “a bundle of compromises”
Disagreements between small and large states
Disagreements between free and slave states
Had to compromise in order to get all states to
ratify the Constitution
• Constitution- a document that describes how
a government is to work and gives its basic
laws.
5. • Virginia Plan – (Large State Plan)
– Membership in both houses would be based on
population
• New Jersey Plan – (Small State Plan)
– One house with equal number of representatives
from each state
6.
7. Great Compromise
• Designed by Roger Sherman
• Two part Congress
1. Senate – same number from each state
2. House of Representatives – based on
population
11. Three- fifths Compromise
• Do you count slaves as part of the population?
• Decided to count slaves as 3/5 of a person.
12. Separation of Powers
• This ensures that no one branch has too much
power
• The US government is divided into 3 branches
– Legislative – Makes the laws
– Judicial – Interpret the laws
– Executive – enforces the laws
13.
14. Checks and Balances
• Keeps each of the three branches of
government from going beyond its powers
15.
16. Federal System of Government
• The Constitution divides powers between the
states and the national government.
17. Ratifying the Constitution
• Delegates signed the Constitution on
September 17, 1787
• Federalists wanted to ratify the Constitution
• Anti-Federalists – worked against ratification
• Nine states had to ratify the Constitution for it
to be in effect. New Hampshire became the
ninth in July 1788
• Americans wanted a Bill of Rights
19. •
•
•
•
•
Amendment 1 – Freedom of religion, speech
Amendment 2 – Right to own guns
Amendment 3 – no quartering of soldiers
Amendment 4 – Search warrants
Amendment 5 – due process
20. • Amendment 6 – speedy trial
• Amendment 7 – trial by jury
• Amendment 8 – bail, fines and punishment
must fit the crime
• Amendment 9 – you have more rights than
are specifically listed in Bill of Rights
• Amendment 10 – all powers not listed belong
to the people or states
21. The _____ amendment of the
Constitution says
1) Freedom of Speech and Religion
2) Militia and Arms
3) No quartered soldiers
4) No search and seizure
5) Right to D-U-E-P-R-O-C-E-S-S
6) Jury in Civil Court
7) Right to a Jury
8) No cruel punishments
9) Basic human rights
10)Unlisted powers for people and state
22. Remarkable Document
• Constitution is over 220 years old
• Why?
1. Acknowledges some Biblical principles
2. Americans exhibit patience with it
3. Flexibility to deal with changing times
Notes de l'éditeur
Not a DEMOCRACY – rule by the people directly
Every 10 years a census is taken to determine the number of representatives from each state
3/5 = 60%100 slaves = 60 people
National government has much more power than the Articles gave them
3 delegates refused to sign because there was no bill of rights
The House wanted 16 amendments…congress agreed to 12 of them and released them to the states…only 10 were ratified
No other has lasted that longOnly 27 amendments (only 17 since the bill of rights)