5. LABOUR MANAGEMENT RELATION: The field of labor relations looks at the relationship between management and workers, particularly groups of workers represented by a union . The relation between them are more harmonious and cooperative than confliction and creates an environment conducive to economic efficiency and the motivation, productivity and development of the employee and generates employee loyalty and mutual trust.`
8. INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACY Industrial democracy is an arrangement which involves workers making decisions, sharing responsibility and authority in the workplace. there are also representative forms of industrial democracy. Representative industrial democracy includes decision making structures such as the formation of committees and consultative bodies to facilitate communication between management , unions , and staff .