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Mergers and
            Acquisitions

Lecture 8
Market Size Matters
Facts
Handout
Economic Logic Verbally

  Liberalise markets →
   De-fragmentation →
 Pro-competitive effect →
Industrial restructuring →
        (M&A, etc.)
Monopoly case
Handout
BE-COMP Diagram
Handout
Economic Logic
State Aid
(Subsidies)
Restructuring
 Prevention
Handout
Restructuring Prevention:
     Welfare Impact

Change producer surplus = zero (profit is zero pre
and post).
Change consumer surplus = a+d.
Subsidy cost = a-c.
Total impact = d+c.
EU policies on ‘State
        Aids’

1957 Treaty of Rome bans state aid that
provides firms with an unfair advantage and
thus distorts competition.
Anti-Competitive
   Behaviour
price




                                              Mark-up
             Demand curve
                                                                            BEFT
 pmono
                                      µmono
                                                                                Perfect
                                                                        A
                                                                               collusion


                                                                    B
                             B
        pB

                                                              E”
                                 E”
    p”                                                                          Partial
                                                                               collusion



                                                                             COMP


                                                                              Number of firms
                                                        n=1   n”   nB




                                        Total
                                        sales
                            CB
EU Competition Policy
Next Week

Inequality in the EU
Read: Michie, J., `Unemployment in Europe', in
Amin and Tomaney, eds. Behind the Myth of
European Union: Prospects for Cohesion,
Routledge Press, 1995, pgs. 51--82. 337.14
AMI

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