ccna

1. Hindustan Institute Of Technology And
Management,AGRA
Cisco Certified Network Associate
Training Incharge:- Submitted To:- Submitted By:-
Ashutosh kumar Mr.Shashank Yadav Akash Deep Saxena
Associate Trainer Ass. Prof (H.I.TM) CS 1200310005
ph-08476890580

2. Getting a job is as difficult as beating the crowd because being in the
corporate world demands a lot from the applicant because of which the
applicants are putting their best, which results in the increment of difficulty
level. You can see each and every thing is connected but the solution of this
problem is either spending years to reach to a desired position or come to
Ducat. At Ducat we provide the entire necessary computer training which
helps the newbies and also the experienced workers so that they can achieve
better recognition in this competitive world.
Like other educational and training industry at Ducat you will be offered
varieties programs but the instructors makes the difference and make Ducat
stand out from others.
.

3. WHAT TYPES OF SERVICES ARE OFFERED
BY DUCAT?
• Software Development
• Instructor led campus
• Workshops and Placement Service

4. INTRODUCTION
• CCNA stands for Cisco Certified
Network Associate
• It gives the information about
networking ,its types and its
application .
• Networking is very important as
it provides communication.
• It is also very useful as it helps in
resource sharing.
• Thus , overall it is a cost saving
technique.

5. TYPES OF NETWORKING
LAN – It stands for local area network. Eg: network
within a campus .
MAN – It stands for metropolitan area network. Eg:
network connecting various cities.
WAN – It stands for wide area network. Eg : internet
on a whole world.

6. Networking Devices
LAN card
BRIDGE
HUB
SWITCH
ROUTER

7. Hubs vs. switches
Hubs – less expensive,
used in a very small LAN
where low throughput is
OK
Switches – segments
collision domains,
interconnects network
segments, more
expensive, but
performance makes it cost
effective.

8. It is a layer 3 or network
layer device.
In this there is no
broadcast.
It is WAN technology
device.
It is useful to connect
different networks.
Packet filtering & it finds
the best path selection.
ROUTERS

9. Router Configuration
 Router always has two configurations:
 Running configuration
 In RAM, determines how the router is currently operating
 Is modified using the configure command
 To see it: show running-config
 Startup confguration
 In NVRAM, determines how the router will operate after next
reload
 Is modified using the copy command
 To see it: show startup-config

10. Router Access Modes
 User EXEC mode - limited examination of router
– Router>
 Privileged EXEC mode - detailed examination of router,
debugging, testing, file manipulation
– Router#
 ROM Monitor - useful for password recovery & new IOS
upload session
 Setup Mode – available when router has no startup-
config file

11. Logging Into The Router
 Connect router to console port or telnet to router
– router>
– router>enable
– password
– router#
– router#?
 Configuring the router
– Terminal (entering the commands directly)
– router# configure terminal
– router(config)#
USER MODE
PROMPT
PRIVILEDGED MODE
PROMPT

12. Deleting Your Router’s Configuration
To delete your router’s configuration
 Router#erase startup-config
OR
 Router#write erase
 Router#reload
 Router will startup again, but in setup mode, since
startup-config file does not exists

13. ROUTING
Routing is the exchange of
routes between different
networks .
There are three types of
routing:
1. Default routing
2. Static routing
3. Dynamic routing

14.  A routing protocol is the communication used between
routers.
 A routing protocol allows one router to share information with
other routers.
 The information a router gets from another router, using a
routing protocol, is used to build & maintain a routing table.
Examples of routing protocols:
1. RIP [ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL]
2. EIGRP[ENHANCED INTERIOR GATEWAY ROUTING PROTOCOL]
3. OSPF[OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST]
DYNAMIC ROUTING

15. Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
• RIP is a distance vector routing protocol
• Hop count is used as the metric for path selection
• If the hop count is greater than 15, the packet will be
discarded
• By default, routing updates are broadcast every 30 seconds
• RIP has evolved over the years from a Classful Routing
Protocol, RIP Version 1 (RIP v1), to a Classless Routing Protocol,
RIP Version 2 (RIP v2).
• Configuring RIP
Router(config)#router rip

16. Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
(EIGRP)
• Really just an enhanced version of IGRP
• A Cisco proprietary routing protocol
• Called a hybrid protocol, but really just an advanced distance vector
protocol.
• Fast convergence
• Variable length subnet masks
• Partial updates - only when the metric for a route changes (bounded
updates)
• Multiple network layer support - IP, IPX, and AppleTalk
• A router running EIGRP stores all its neighbor’s routing tables so that it
can quickly adapt or alternate routes.

17. Features of EIGRP
 Classless Routing Protocol (VLSM, CIDR)
 Faster convergence times and improved scalability
 Multiprotocol support: TCP/IP, IPX/SPX, Appletalk
– There is no IPX/SPX or Appletalk in CCNA or CCNP
 Rapid Convergence and Better handling of routing loops – (DUAL)
 Efficient Use of Bandwidth
– Partial, bounded updates: Incremental updates only to the routers
that need them.
– Minimal bandwidth consumption: Hello packets and by default
uses no more that 50% of link’s bandwidth EIGRP packets.
 PDM (Protocol Dependent Module)
– Keeps EIGRP modular
– Different PDMs can be added to EIGRP as new routed protocols are
enhanced or developed: IPv4, IPv6, IPX, and AppleTalk

18. OSPF
 Open Shortest Path First
 Dynamic IGP (Interior
Gateway Protocol)
 Use within your own
network
 Link state algorithm
Shortest Path First
A B
C D
15
3
4 4
7

19. WhaT IS ACL?
Routers provide basic traffic filtering
capabilities, such as blocking Internet
traffic, with access control lists (ACLs).
An ACL is a sequential list of permit or
deny statements that apply to
addresses or upper-layer protocols.
This module will introduce
standard and extended ACLs as a
means to control network traffic, and
how ACLs are used as part of a
security solution.

20. VLAN
• VLAN stands for virtual
local area network.
• Devices on different
VLAN must have a router to
communicate with each
other.
• If devices are on the
same VLAN, then they can
communicate through a
switch.

21. INTER VLAN ROUTING
 A VLAN is a broadcast domain and
unique ip subnet
 Switches operate at layer2 (Data link
Layer)
 VLANS cannot communicate without
L3 (Network Layer)
 The L3 communication is called inter-
vlan routing
 Inter-vlan routing is a process of
forwarding network traffic from one
vlan to another using a router
 The Subnets of your network facilitate
the routing process.
 Router interfaces can be connected to
separate vlans.
 Devices on vlans send traffic through
the router(L3) to other vlans.

22. How to configure EIGRP with RIP on same
network
In this article we will discuss how can two routing protocols exist in same network?
We have discussed basic of both EIGRP and RIP in our previous article. Now we will go
in more depth by including both RIP and EIGRP in same network.
Scenario
You are the administrator at abc.com. Company network is given below

23. R0
Port IP address Connected to
F0/0 80.0.0.1 R1 F0/1
F1/0 90.0.0.1 R2 F0/1
F1/1 100.0.0.1 R3 F0/1
R1
Port IP address Connected to
F0/0.10 10.0.0.1 S1 F0/24
F0/0.20 20.0.0.1 S1 F0/24
F0/1 80.0.0.2 R0 F0/0
S0/0/0 30.0.0.1 R2 S0/0

24. R2
Port IP address Connected to
F0/1 90.0.0.2 R0 F1/0
S0/0 30.0.0.2 R1 S0/0/0
F0/0 40.0.0.1 WR1 0/1
S0/1 50.0.0.1 R3 S0/0/1
R3
Port IP address Connected to
F0/1 100.0.0.2 R0 F1/1
S0/0/1 50.0.0.2 R2 S0/1
F0/0.60 60.0.0.1 S1 G0/1
F0/0.70 70.0.0.1 S1 G0/1

25. Configuration of R0
First we will configure R0. To configure double click on R0 select CLI and configure it as given below
To configure and enable RIP as backup routing on R0 follow these commands exactly.
R0>enable
R0#sh ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 80.0.0.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet1/0 90.0.0.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet1/1 100.0.0.1 YES manual up up
R0#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R0(config)#router rip
R0(config-router)#network 80.0.0.0
R0(config-router)#network 90.0.0.0
R0(config-router)#network 100.0.0.0
R0(config-router)#exit
R0(config)#exit
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R0#copy run start
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
R0#
We need not to configure EIGRP on it as its only going to be a backup route

26. Configuration of R1
Now configure R1. On R1 we need to configure both RIP and EIGRP. RIP for backup and EIGRP for main
route.
R1>enable
R1#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status
Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/0.10 10.0.0.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/0.20 20.0.0.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 80.0.0.2 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/0 30.0.0.1 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down
Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down
R1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

27. R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#network 20.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#network 30.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#network 80.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#exit
R1(config)#router eigrp 1
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#network 20.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#network 30.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#exit
R1(config)#exit
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#copy run start
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
R1#

28. Configuration of R2
To configure and enable eigrp with rip routing on R2 follow these commands exactly.
Router>enable
R2#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 40.0.0.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 90.0.0.2 YES manual up up
Serial0/0 30.0.0.2 YES manual up up
Serial0/1 50.0.0.1 YES manual up up
R2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#router rip
R2(config-router)#network 30.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#network 50.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#network 90.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#router eigrp 1
R2(config-router)#network 30.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#
R2(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#network 50.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#exit
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#

29. Configuration of R3
To configure and enable eigrp with rip routing on R3 follow these commands exactly.
Router>enable
R3#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/0.60 60.0.0.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/0.70 70.0.0.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 100.0.0.2 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down down
Serial0/0/1 50.0.0.2 YES manual up up
Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down
R3#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#router rip
R3(config-router)#network 50.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#network 60.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#network 70.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#network 100.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#exit
R3(config)#router eigrp 1
R3(config-router)#network 50.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#network
R3(config-router)#network 60.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#network 70.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#exit
R3(config)#exit
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R3#

30. Testing of EIGRP with RIP
Now we have configured both RIP and EIGRP in this network. To test this network double
click on PC-PT PC0 and select command prompt tracert 70.0.0.3