These are slides from a workshop on January 26 - February 2, 2015 with representatives from the Information and Communication Technologies Department and Library Department at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The workshop was facilitated by Kathleen Ludewig Omollo and Bob Riddle. The workshop documents are shared at http://slideshare.net/tag/sphmmc-ict-2015.

1. Trends in Health and ICT -
Incredible Opportunities
for Technologists and
Librarians at SPHMMC
Kathleen Omollo, University of Michigan
Presentation to St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College ICT Department,
January 2015. Shared at: slideshare.net/tag/sphmmc-ict-2015
© 2015 The Regents of the University of Michigan.Shared under a Creative Commons Attribution License.
1

2. Introduction
It is an incredible time to be in health
• In Ethiopia
• At SPHMMC
It is an incredible time to be in information
resources and technology
• In Ethiopia
• At SPHMMC
It is an incredible time to be at the intersection
of health, information resources and
technology at SPHMMC 2

3. Objectives
1. Review the major changes in national health
programs in Ethiopia in the past 15 years
2. Review the major changes in health
programs at SPHMMC in the past 8 years
3. Discuss the dimensions of clinical care,
education, and research
4. Review the intersections of ICT with health
5. Identify sources to stay up to date on
developments in ICT and/or health
3

4. Part 1: Health
N.B. The dates here are by the European
calendar, not the Ethiopian calendar. The dates
for the Ethiopian calendar would be 7 years
earlier.
4

5. Timeline - 1947
1947 - St. Paul Hospital was founded
5

6. Timeline - Pre 2002
Until 2002, there were 3 medical schools in
Ethiopia.
Which were they?
6

7. Timeline - Pre 2002
Until 2002, there were 3 medical schools in
Ethiopia.
Which were they?
• Addis Ababa University (est. 1964)
• Jimma University (est. 1984)
• Gondar College of Medicine and Health
Sciences (est. 1971)
7

8. Timeline - 2003
In 2003, the MOH launched the Health
Extension Program.
• Purpose?
• Length of training?
• Number trained by 2010?
8

9. Timeline - 2003
In 2003, the MOH launched the Health
Extension Program.
• Purpose: Basic preventive care, within
communities, mostly rural
• Length of training: 1 year for certificate, or
1.5 years for diploma
• Number trained by 2010: 30,000
9

10. Timeline - 2003 - 2009
9 more medical schools opened: 7 public and 2
private.
2007 - St. Paul Hospital became Millennium
Medical College
10

11. Timeline - 2003 - 2009
9 more medical schools opened:
1. Mekelle University College of Medicine and Health
Sciences (2003)
2. Hawassa University (2003)
3. Hayat Medical College (2005) (Private)
4. Bethel Medical College (2005) (Private)
5. Bahir Dar University (2007)
6. Defense Forces Medical School (2007)
7. Haramaya University School of Medical Sciences
(2007)
8. St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College (2007)
9. Arbaminch University School of Medicine (2009)
11

12. Timeline - 2009
Human Resources for Health Strategic Plan
2009 - 2020 from the Ministry of Health
launched an unprecedented scale-up of health
training across professions and levels.
Motivations:
• career path options for health professionals
• migration of physicians
• vast geographic region
• expanding population
• the clinical priorities 12

13. Timeline - 2012
13 new public medical schools opened under
the New Medical Education Initiative (NMEI)
Of those, 3 were created from hospitals and 10
were added to existing universities.
13

14. Timeline - 2012
13 new medical schools for NMEI
1. Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College
2. Adama Hospital Medical College
3. Yirgalem Hospital Medical College
4. Dire Dawa University
5. DebreMarkos University
6. DebreBirhan University
7. Axum University
8. Wollo University
9. Ambo University
10. Wellepa University
11. Meda Welabu University
12. Woletyita Sodi University
13. Adama Science and Technology University - School of Health
Sciences 14

15. Timeline - 2012
Two new private medical schools were opened:
• Myungsung Medical College
• Betezta College of Medical Science
This brings the total number of public medical
schools in Ethiopia to 23, plus at least 4 private
medical schools.
15

16. SPHMMC
“To be a sought after medical center and a
prestigious academic and research center in
Africa by 2020”
16

17. SPHMMC – 2012 to Present
Enhance Specialty (Residency) and Sub-
specialty (Fellowship) Initiatives
• Residency: Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Surgery, Internal Medicine, Radiology,
Anesthesiology, Ophthalmology
• Fellowships: Maternal and Fetal Medicine,
Nephrology, Cardiology
17

18. SPHMMC – 2014 - Present
Remote education and clinical consultation for:
• Pathology
• Radiology
• Dermatology
• Basic sciences
• Reproductive health
18

19. Group Discussion
1. What changed when SPHMMC grew from a
hospital into a medical college in 2007?
2. How did these changes affect technology
and the library at SPHMMC?
3. What do you think are some of the
challenges at the 13 new medical schools?
4. How do these recent national medical
education and health care policy changes
affect technology and electronic resources?
19

20. References - National
Health Programs
1. The United States Global Health Initiative. (2011) Ethiopia Global Health
Initiative Strategy.
http://www.ghi.gov/country/ethiopia/documents/159724.htm
2. Embassy of the United States in Addis Ababa. (2012) First Group of Health
Information Technicians Graduate: U.S. Government Funds Three- Year
Health Information Management Training Program. Press Release.
http://ethiopia.usembassy.gov/pr_19.html
3. Nejmudin Kedir Bilal, Christopher H. Herbst, Feng Zhao, Agnes Soucat,
and Christophe Lemiere. (2011) Health Extension Workers in Ethiopia:
Improved Access and Coverage for the Rural Poor. Yes Africa Can:
Success Stories from a Dynamic Continent. World Bank.
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/AFRICAEXT/Resources/258643-
1271798012256/YAC_Consolidated_Web.pdf
4. World Health Organization. (2010). “Scaling Up Education and Training of
Human Resources for Health in Ethiopia. Moving towards achieving the
MDGs: Country Case Study by the Global Health Workforce Alliance.”
http://www.who.int/entity/workforcealliance/knowledge/resources/ethiopia_
casestudy_2010/en/index.html. 20

21. References - National
Health Programs
5. Feysia, Berhanu; Herbst, Christopher H.; Lemma, Wuleta; Soucat, Agnes.
(2012). The Health Workforce in Ethiopia: Addressing the Remaining
Challenges. World Bank.
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/2226.
6. Jack, William; De Laat, Joose; Hanson, Kara; Soucat, Agnes. (2010).
Incentives and Dynamics in the Ethiopian Health Worker Labor Market.
World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/5951.
7. Serra, Danila; Serneels, Pieter; Lindelow, Magnus; Montalvo, Jose G.
(2010). Discovering the Real World : Health Workers' Career Choices and
Early Work Experience in Ethiopia. World Bank.
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/5936.
8. World Bank. (2012) Ethiopia: Data.
http://data.worldbank.org/country/ethiopia
21

22. SPHMMC - 3 Dimensional Mission
Clinical Research
Education
16

23. Clinical Care
30
All images from The Noun Project CC BY. See references at end for attributions.
Slide adapted from Johmarx Patton, University of Michigan. See full slide deck:
http://www.slideshare.net/ummedicalschool/understanding-and-navigating-constant-
change-in-the-academic-medicine-landscape-june-2014.
This is the US Model.
How does Ethiopia differ?

24. Clinical Care
30
All images from The Noun Project CC BY. See image attributions at end.
Slide adapted from Johmarx Patton, University of Michigan. See full slide deck:
http://www.slideshare.net/ummedicalschool/understanding-and-navigating-constant-
change-in-the-academic-medicine-landscape-june-2014.
This is the US Model.
How does Ethiopia differ?

25. This is the US Model.
How does Ethiopia differ?
Education
Chart adapted from: AAMC
22
Undergraduate
Bachelors Degree
Years: 4
Medical School
(MD)
Years: 4
Residency
Years: 3-5+
Subspecialty
Years: 1-4
Board Certification
Recertification
Licensure
Independent
Practice
Continuing Medical
Education
Subspecialty
Certification
Education
Slide adapted from Johmarx Patton, University of Michigan. See full slide deck:
http://www.slideshare.net/ummedicalschool/understanding-and-navigating-constant-
change-in-the-academic-medicine-landscape-june-2014.

26. Research
contributions to new knowledge
“bench to bedside” or “microscope to stethoscope”
“disciplinary guilds” – expert scientists who reviews of
proposals for funding and for verifying results
Basic Research
Patient-Oriented
Clinical
Research
Improve health
outcomes
Translation
to clinical
studies
Translation to
health care
practice
31
Chart adapted from: http://ncrr.nih.gov/
This is the US Model.
How does Ethiopia differ?
Slide adapted from Kathleen Omollo, University of Michigan. See full slide deck:
http://www.slideshare.net/ummedicalschool/understanding-and-navigating-constant-
change-in-the-academic-medicine-landscape-june-2014.

27. Group Discussion
1. About what do medical schools, hospitals,
and health professionals care?
2. How can you use this to better communicate
with them as customers and partners?
3. How can you use this information to inform
your role or job description at SPHMMC?
27

28. Part 2: ICT
28

29. ICT National
• Ministry of Health programs - Health
Management Information Systems, Health
Information Technician degree program
• Expansion of ICT connection, network
coverage from Etthiotelecom (best to date!)
• Technology innovation hubs – iceaddis and
xhub Addis
• eLearning Africa conference May 20-22,
2015 will be in Addis
29

30. ICT SPHMMC
• 300 Megabit connection – fastest university
in the country
• Leadership who include technology as a core
part of the strategy
• Lots of room to expand in library building
• Advanced servers, lots of storage
• A growing local team (ICT and Library teams
are largest to date!)
• Engaged external collaborators
• Others? 30

31. ICT SPHMMC: Vision
Establish SPHMMC as an exemplar in the
integration of information resources and
communication technologies for productivity,
collaboration, and analysis across the
education, research, and service missions
31

32. ICT in Health
• Human Resources for Health includes the
information services support staff who
help health professionals to deliver care, to
conduct research, and to train the next
generation of health professionals.
32

33. ICT in Health
• Information management is about more than
equipment. You need people who know
how to train people to use it, how to fix it,
and how to integrate it with the institution to
make the best use it to improve health.
33

34. Part 3:
Stay Current, Connect
• eLearning Africa Conference, May 20-22, Addis
• African Virtual University Conference, July 1-3,
Nairobi
• International Conference on Global Telehealth
• World Health Organization eHealth
• African Health OER Network Technology Interest
Group
• International Medical Informatics Association
• Association of American Medical Colleges Group on
Information Resources
• Others?
34

35. Closing Remarks
It is an incredible time to be in health
• In Ethiopia
• At SPHMMC
It is an incredible time to be in information
resources and technology
• In Ethiopia
• At SPHMMC
It is an incredible time to be at the intersection
of health, information resources and
technology at SPHMMC 35

36. Closing Remarks:
Discussion
How can we make SPHMMC a model for
librarians and technology staff at other medical
schools in Ethiopia? How can we make it a
destination where the NMEI schools want to
send their staff to learn about the best, most
effective and efficient way to design technology
for medical education, research, and care?
36

37. Additional References
9. Understanding and Navigating Constant Change in the
Academic Medicine Landscape, Michael Warden,
Johmarx Patton, Kathleen Ludewig Omollo
10. Health Informatics: An Interprofessional Approach, 1e
Romona Nelson PhD RN-BC ANEF FAAN
11. Building Academic Partnerships to Reduce Maternal
Morbidity and Mortality: A Call to Action and Way
Forward, Frank W. J. Anderson”
12. Careers in Health Information Technology, Brian T.
Malec PhD
37

38. Image attributions, slide 24
All images from TheNounProject.com
● Nurse - CC BY Scott Lewis from the Noun Project
● Doctor - Public domain
● Person - CC BY Alex Berkowitz from the Noun Project
● Brain - Public domain
● Pulse CC BY TNS
● Coordinate Patient Care - Public domain
● Mhealth - CC BY Edward Boatman
● iPhone - Public domain
● Radiography - CC BY Wojciech Zasina
● Cardiograph - CC BY Wojciech Zasina
● Surgery - Public domain
● Blood Glucose Meter - CC BY Danilo Casagrande de Almeida
● Laptop - CC BY Edward Boatman
38