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Financial Instruments & Technology,[object Object],Complex Derivatives Instruments & ,[object Object],Risk Management,[object Object],UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO,[object Object],Acc 626 IT Assurance and CAATs,[object Object],Kelly Wong,[object Object],July 2011,[object Object]
Complex Derivatives Instruments,[object Object],“Derivatives are financial weapons of mass destruction, carrying dangers that, while now latent, are potentially lethal.” – Warren Buffet (2002),[object Object],Definition: derivatives with payoff often that are non-linear or path dependent ; mainly OTC,[object Object],Examples: Exotic Options, Credit Default Swaps (CDSs),Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs),[object Object]
Risk Management,[object Object],COSO Framework,[object Object],Help C-Suite executive to design control procedures and the formulation of risk management policies, such that unforeseen and undesirable outcomes are minimized.,[object Object],Enterprise Risk Management (ERM),[object Object],Value-at-Risk,[object Object],Stress Test,[object Object]
Tools for Risk Management,[object Object],Value-at-Risk (VaR),[object Object],Calculates the maximum loss that a firm can suffer over a defined period of time at a given probability level.,[object Object],Historical Scenarios - Excel can handle,[object Object],Monte Carlo Simulations - Heavy computing power,[object Object],Examples of ASP:,[object Object],GoldSim Technology Group,[object Object],FactSet Research Systems,[object Object]
Tools for Risk Management,[object Object],Stress Testing,[object Object],“the potential effects on a firm’s financial condition of a set of specified changes in risk factors, corresponding to exceptional but plausible events “ – Bank of International Settlements,[object Object],Example of ASP:,[object Object],ForexManage’siDeriv,[object Object],Key Players:,[object Object],Thomson Reuters, Bloomberg, Murex, Algorithmics,[object Object]
Why should CA care?,[object Object],Many at C-Suite level,[object Object],Internal or external auditor,[object Object],Market makers,[object Object],Regulators,[object Object],Academia ,[object Object],…It’s interesting! ,[object Object]
Tools For Auditors,[object Object],Risk Assessment - CAATs,[object Object],	Example:,[object Object],Pattern Analysis – Fraud Detection,[object Object],System Testing – Due to lack of audit trail,[object Object],Valuation Tools,[object Object],Data providers: Bloomberg, Thomson Reuters,[object Object],ASP: FINCAD ‘s “Auditor Insight”,[object Object]
Hot Topic: Regulatory Outsourcing ,[object Object],Definition: The criticism of regulators delegating and outsourcing the responsibility of regulating a wide range of risk transfers in the economy to computer-based risk models. ,[object Object],New Rules: Dodd-Frank Act to Basel III and Solvency II,[object Object]
Financial Instruments & Technology
Thank you!,[object Object]
Works Cited,[object Object],Adams, James. “Stress Testing- Drafting a "Battle Plan" for the CRE Portfolio” Sage Works. April 2011. Web. 25 June 2011.<http://www.sageworksinc.com/datareleases.aspx?article=38>.,[object Object],Beaver, W. “Financial Ratios as Predictors of Failure.” Journal of Accounting Research. 1966. Page 71-111,[object Object],Berry, Romain. “An Overview of Value-at-Risk: Part III – Monte Carlo Simulations VaR.” J.P. Morgan Investment Analytics & Consulting. March 2009. Web. 25 June 2011. <http://www.jpmorgan.com/tss/General/Risk_Management/1159380637650>.,[object Object],Berry, Romain. “Stress Testing Value at Risk.” J.P. Morgan Investment Analytics & Consulting. June 2009. Web. 25 June 2011. <http://www.jpmorgan.com/tss/General/Stress_Testing_Value-at-Risk/1159389400084>.,[object Object],Bhugaloo, Sam. “Commodities Trading:  Nick Leeson, Internal Controls and the Collapse of Barings Bank.” Web. 25 June 2011. <http://www.tradefutures.co.uk/Nick_Leeson_Barings_Bank.pdf>.,[object Object],Carney, J. G. Industry models for enterprise data management in financial markets. IBM Journal of Research and Development 54, 2 (March 2010), 193-205. Web. 27 June 2011. <http://dx.doi.org.proxy.lib.uwaterloo.ca/10.1147/JRD.2009.2038750>.,[object Object],Cowan, Adrian M. “Derivatives Use in Bank Risk Management: the number of banks using derivatives for risk management purposes is approaching 10 percent.” Bank Accounting & Finance. Volume 19; Issue 5. 2006. Web. 12 June 2011. < http://global.factiva.com.proxy.lib.uwaterloo.ca/aa/?ref=BACF000020060831e28100002&pp=1&fcpil=en&napc=S&sa_from=>.,[object Object],Das, Satyajit. Traders Guns and Money: Knowns and Unknowns in the Dazzling World of Derivatives. 2006. Financial Times - Prentice Hall. London.,[object Object],Davidson, C. "The age of change." Risk  1 Dec. 2010: ABI/INFORM Global, ProQuest. Web.  26 Jun. 2011.< http://proquest.umi.com.proxy.lib.uwaterloo.ca/pqdweb?index=26&did=2210005061&SrchMode=3&sid=1&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1307753290&clientId=16746&aid=1>.,[object Object],Fragniere, E., Tuchschmid, N.S., & Zhang, Q. “Liquidity Adjusted VaR Model: An Extension.” Web. 25 June 2011. <http://campus.hesge.ch/tuchschmidn/pdfs/LiquidityVaR.pdf>.,[object Object],Gerding, Erik. “Code, Crash, and Open Source: The Outsourcing of Financial Regulation to Risk Models and the Global Financial Crisis.” Washington Law Review. 2009. Web. 5 June 2011. <http://proquest.umi.com.proxy.lib.uwaterloo.ca/pqdweb?index=1&did=1797647271&SrchMode=2&sid=1&Fmt=4&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1307734762&clientId=16746>.,[object Object],Jones., M.T., Majnoni, G. & Peria, S.M. “Stress Testing of Financial Systems: An Overview of Issues, Methodologies, and FSAP Experiences.” IMF Working Paper. June 2001. Web. 25 June 2011. < http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2001/wp0188.pdf>.,[object Object],Keenan, Joy. "Risk and Reward." CAmagazine. 2005. Web. 20 June 2011. <http://www.camagazine.com/archives/print-edition/2005/may/regulars/camagazine19537.aspx>.,[object Object],Micallef, Mario. “The New World of Risk-based Regulation.” Information Systems Control Journal. Volume 6.  Web.  8 June 2011. < http://www.isaca.org/Journal/Past-Issues/2007/Volume-6/Pages/The-New-World-of-Risk-based-Regulation-Part-1.aspx>.,[object Object],Seyedalikhani, Armita. “FINCAD Introduces a New Online Derivatives Valuation Tool for Auditors.” April 2008. Web. 23 June 2011. <http://www.fincad.com/news-events/2008/04282008.aspx>.,[object Object],Shore, B., and S. Manwani. "The Financial Crisis on Wall Street: Complexity, Stability, and Information Technology." Journal of Global Information Technology Management 12.1 (2009): 1-5. ABI/INFORM Global, ProQuest. Web. 21 May 2011. < http://proquest.umi.com.proxy.lib.uwaterloo.ca/pqdweb?index=3&did=1648900041&SrchMode=2&sid=2&Fmt=6&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1304976620&clientId=16746>.,[object Object]
Works Cited(continued),[object Object],Sorge, Marco. “Stress-testing financial systems: an overview of current methodologies.” BIS Working Paper. December 2004. Web. 23 June 2011. <http://www.bis.org/publ/work165.pdf>.,[object Object],Stulz, Rene M. “Should We Fear Derivatives?" June 2004. Web. June 27, 2011. <http://home.cerge-ei.cz/petrz/FM/derivatives_shultz.pdf>. ,[object Object],Uryasev, Stan. “Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR): Algorithms and Applications.” Web. 25 June 2011. <http://www-iam.mathematik.hu-berlin.de/~romisch/SP01/Uryasev.pdf>.,[object Object],“Algorithmics Software.” Web. 23 June 2011. <http://www.algorithmics.com/EN/services/>.,[object Object],“Auditing Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities, and Investments in Securities.” AICPA. 2001. Web. 25 June 2011. <http://www.aicpa.org/Research/Standards/AuditAttest/DownloadableDocuments/AU-00332.pdf>.,[object Object],“Case Studies: MS Excel VaR Application.” Zircon Computing. Web. 25 June 2011. <http://www.zircomp.com/content/ms-excel-var-application>.,[object Object],“Enterprise GRC.” Thomson Reuters. 2011. Web. 25 June 2011. <http://paisley.thomsonreuters.com/website/pcweb.nsf/pages/ARAE-6XLR96>.,[object Object],“Enterprise Risk Management Software Solutions.” Metric Stream. 2011. 25 June 2011. <http://www.metricstream.com/solutions/enterprise_risk_management.htm>.,[object Object],“GoldSimTechnology Group.” Web. 25 June 2011. <http://www.goldsim.com/Home/>.,[object Object],“Integrated risk management and portfolio modeling for the enterprise.” Algorithmics Software. 2007. Web. 23 June 2011. <http://www.algorithmics.com/EN/media/pdfs/Algo-FS0007-AlgoRiskWeb.pdf>.,[object Object],"Internal Control Issues in Derivatives Usage." Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO). Web. 12 June 2011. <http://www.coso.org/IC-Issues-Derivatives-Usage_Summary.htm>.,[object Object],“Kondor Trade Processing.” Thomson Reuters Risk Management. 2011. Web. 23 June 2011. <http://thomsonreuters.com/content/financial/pdf/enterprise/KondorTradeProcessing.pdf>.,[object Object],“Monte Carlo Value at Risk Analysis.” FactSet. Web. 25 June 2011. <http://www.factset.com/websitefiles/PDFs/brochures/mcvar>.,[object Object],“Murex S.A.S.” Web. 23 June 2011.<http://www.murex.com/company.php>.,[object Object],“Overview of Enterprise Risk Management.” Casualty Actuarial Society. May 2003. Web. 25 June 2011. <http://www.casact.org/research/erm/overview.pdf>. ,[object Object], “Portfolio and Risk Analytics. Bloomberg Solutions. 2011. Web. 28 June 2011. <http://www.bloomberg.com/solutions/bloomberg_enterprise/portfolio_risk_analytics/>.,[object Object],“Portfolio and Risk Management.” Bloomberg Professional. 2011. Web. 28 June 2011. <http://www.bloomberg.com/professional/portfolio_risk_management/>.,[object Object],“Risk Management for Interest Rate Derivatives: iDeriv.” ForexManage. 2008. Web. 25 June 2011. <http://www.forexmanage.com/FXM/NewHome/template/default.asp?PageId=10>. ,[object Object],“SAS for Enterprise Risk Management.” SAS Institute Inc. Web. 25 June 2011.  <http://www.sas.com/solutions/riskmgmt/>.,[object Object],“Stress Testing by Large Financial Institutions: Current Practice and Aggregation Issues.” CGFS Publications. April 2000. Web. 25 June 2011. < http://www.bis.org/publ/cgfs14.pdf>.,[object Object],“2002 Annual Report: Letter to Shareholders.” Berkshire Hathaway Inc. Web. 12 June 2011. <http://www.berkshirehathaway.com/2002ar/2002ar.pdf>.,[object Object], ,[object Object]

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