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Similaire à Swim ppt ch09 (20)
Swim ppt ch09
- 2. Infant-Toddler Curriculum
• Curriculum is everything that you do with a child or
that a child experiences through her interactions
with the environment from the time she enters the
classroom until the time she leaves it (Greenman et
al., 2008)
– Plan based upon each child’s development
– Caregiving strategies scaffold or challenge each
child to reach the next level
– Children involved in selecting and initiating
activities
©2014 Cengage Learning.
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- 3. Infant-Toddler Curriculum
• Curriculum involves the whole child
• There is no single curriculum for all infants
• Early childhood educators need to continually
gather observational data, analyze it, and use
it when selecting materials and planning
curricular experiences
©2014 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.
- 4. Influences on the Curriculum
• Influences from Cultural Expectations
– Parental attitudes and expectations are shaped by
various sources
– Cultural variations are evident even within a family
– Caregiver cultural experiences and expectations are
also brought to the caregiving role
• Cultural Diversity
– Shared, learned symbolic system of values, attitudes
and beliefs
– Avoid unknowingly acting on your biases
– Create partnerships with families to bridge cultural
gaps
©2014 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.
- 5. Influences on the Curriculum
• The Anti-Bias movement (King):
– Culture is learned
– Culture is characteristic of groups
– Culture is a set of rules for behavior
– Culture is learned to different degrees
– Cultures borrow and share rules
– Members of cultural groups may not be able to
describe the rules
©2014 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.
- 6. Influences on the Curriculum
Influences from the Care Setting
• Family Child Care Home
– A familiar, home-like setting and 1:1 relationship
• Child Care Center
– The caregiver works closely with the family to meet infant
and family needs
• Time
– Schedule, number of children and age range affects planning
• Educational Philosophy of Program and Teachers
– Program philosophy, personal philosophy come into play
©2014 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.
- 7. Influences on the Curriculum
• Influences from the Child
– Every child has an internal need to grow, develop,
and learn
– Children look, touch, taste, listen, smell, reach,
bite, push, kick, smile, and take any other action
they can in order to actively involve themselves
with the world
– Infants learn from the responses they get to their
actions
©2014 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.
- 8. Routine Care Times
• Our traditional notion of teaching is inappropriate
for very young children
• Using the 3 As while meeting basic needs promotes
optimal development and learning
• Flexible Schedule
– Your schedule depends on the infants or toddlers
you are caring for
– The daily schedule must be individualized in infant
and toddler care
– Schedules and routines change over time
©2014 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.
- 9. Routine Care Times
• Arrival Time
– Listen and document details, comfort child
• Sleeping
– Coordinate home and school routines
– Provide safe sleep environments
• Eating
– Infants and toddlers eat when they are hungry
• Toothbrushing
• Diapering and Toileting
– Engage in positive learning experiences
• Handwashing
• End of the Day
©2014 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.
- 10. Planned Learning Experiences
• Plan learning activities for times when
children are alert, aware, and interested
• Observe and stop before the child tires
• Allow time for self-directed play
• Follow NAEYC’s guidelines for DAP
• Evaluate rituals and practices to meet learning
needs of infants and toddlers
©2014 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.
- 11. Planned Learning Experiences
• Daily Plans
– For each child using developmental profile
– Balance reinforcing skills with introducing new
• Weekly Plans
– Focus on appropriate materials and equipment
• Learning Centers
• Projects
– Open-ended experiences to construct knowledge
• Feedback
– Use data to make changes to curriculum
©2014 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.
- 12. Spotlight on Research
• Infant Brain Development
– Infants and toddlers use everything within their
realm—people, materials and equipment—to
develop their brains (Lewin-Behnam, 2010)
©2014 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.
- 13. Checkpoint Discussion Questions
• List and explain 3 influences on the curriculum.
Make sure that your answer provides examples
from three different types of influences.
• Write a brief newsletter article for a child care
center explaining its approach to cultural
diversity.
• Write a statement that could be included in a
policy handbook describing why flexibility in
schedules is important in an infant and toddler
program.
©2014 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.
- 14. Checkpoint Discussion Questions
• Choose 3 routine care times. Explain how each
event can be used to promote the development
of the child.
• How is toilet learning a complex developmental
accomplishment?
• List 3 reasons for creating daily plans for infants
and young toddlers.
• How can a project be used to involve a child
physically? emotionally? socially? cognitively?
©2014 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.