1. The Controlling Process Ms. R. Senathiraja, Senior Lecturer, Department of Management and Organization Studies, Faculty of Management and Finance, University of Colombo

2. Management in Organization Input from the Environment Human Resources Financial resources Physical Resources Information Resources Planning and Decision Making Leading Controlling Organizing Goals Attained Efficiently Effectively

4. Purpose of control Adapting to environmental change Control help the organization Cope with organizational complexity Minimize costs Limit the accumulation of error

5. Steps in control process Establish Standards Measure Performance Compare performance Against standards Determine need For corrective action Maintain The status quo Correct the deviation Change standards

7. Types of control Based on Areas Control of physical resources Control of human resources Control of Information Control of financial Resources Based on the organizational Levels Operational Control Financial control Structural control Strategic control

15. Operations control Focuses on the processes the organization uses to transform resources into products or services Preliminary control Focus is on inputs to the organizational system Screening Control Focus is on how inputs are being transformed into outputs Post action Control Focus is on outputs from the organizational system Inputs Transformation Outputs

21. -Structural Control- It addresses how well an organization’s structural elements serve their intended purpose. Degree of formality Organization Design Reward system Participation Performance Expectations Extended and informal Limited and formal Directed at group performance Directed at individual performance Flat structure, shared influence Tall structure, Top-down influence Directed toward enhanced performance above and beyond the minimum Directed towards minimum levels of acceptable performance Group norms, culture self control Strict rules, formal controls, rigid hierarchy Employee commitment Goal of control approach Employee compliance Decentralized Control Dimensions Bureaucratic Control

23. How does manager determine whether his or her firm needs improvement in control?

25. Why do employee resist organizational control?