1. Noun Clauses
A noun clause functions like a noun or a noun phrase.
Depending on the structure of the given sentence,
the noun clause may be used as ;
- a subject
- an object
- an object of preposition
- a complement
- a noun clause in apposition to an antecedent noun.
- a noun clause as reference to the grammatical subject
object "it".

2. Construction 1 : The "that" clause
 Example
 Most people know (that) sleep is necessary for
health.
noun clause = object of "know"
 Combination : a & b
a. Most people know something.
that+
b. Sleep is necessary for health.
Most people know that sleep is necessary for health.

3. Construction 1 : The "that" clause
 e.g. : He asked me where I lived.
เขาถามผมว่าผมอยูที่ไหน.
่
noun clause=object of "asked"
e.g. : Can you tell me what the time is.
คุณจะบอกผมได้ ไหมว่าเวลาเท่าไหร่ .
noun clause=object of "tell"
e.g. : Dang said (that) he was pleased to welcome us.
แดงพูดว่าเขารู้สกยินดีที่ได้ ต้อนรับเรา
ึ
noun clause=object of "said"

4. Construction 1 : The "that" clause
 e.g. : That he will refuse the offer is unlikely.
ที่เขาจะปฏิเสธข้ อเสนอนันรู้สึกว่ าจะยังไม่ มีทาง.
้
noun clause=subject
e.g. : What you are doing seems very difficult.
สิ่งที่คุณกาลังกระทารู้สึกว่ าจะยากมาก
e.g. : How the prisoner escaped is a complex
mystery.
นักโทษผู้นันหนีไปได้ อย่ างไรนันเป็ นเรื่องลึกลับซับซ้ อน
้ ้

5. Construction 1 : The "that" clause
 e.g. : It seems that he has never paid the money.
ดูราวกับว่ าเขายังไม่ ได้ จ่ายเงิน
Noun clause as complement of verb "seem"
e.g. : What surprised me was that he spoke English so well.
สิ่งที่ทาให้ ผมประหลาดใจก็คือเขาพูดภาษาอังกฤษได้ ดมาก
ี
e.g. : The fact that the prisoner was guilty was plain to
everyone.
ความจริงที่ว่านักโทษผู้นันผิดจริงเป็ นสิ่งธรรมดาสาหรับทุกคนที่จะเห็น
้
ได้
Noun clause as appositive.

6. Construction 1 : The "that" clause
 e.g. : The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is
not true.
ข่ าวที่ว่าเราจะได้ หยุดในวันพรุ่ งนีนันไม่ เป็ นความจริง
้ ้
 Noun clause as appositive.
e.g. : It is unbelievable that Suda has refused to come
here.
(that Suda has refused to come here = it)
Noun clause as reference to the grammatical subject "it".

7. Construction 2 : The "whether" clause
•
e.g. : It did not matter at all for some students
whether they had got good grades or not.
•
1. "It" functions as a grammatical subject,
referring to the italicized noun clause.

8. Construction 2 : The "whether" clause
 The sentence is broken into 3 smaller sentences ;
a. It did not matter at all for some students.
b. They had got good grades.
c. They had not got good grades.
3. Combination : b+c=B
They had got good grades or they had not get good
grades.
==>B : They had got good grades or not.

9. Construction 2 : The "whether" clause
 Combination : a+B
a. it did not matter at all for some students.
Whether+B ==>They had got good grades or
not.

==>It did not matter at all for some students
whether they had got good grades or not.

10. Whether(or not)
 1. Whether(or not) they can get here in time
does not have anything to do with our plan.

2. People often ask whether there are
measures to cope with the increase of crimes.

3. We wonder if the mayor can handle the
traffic problems.