1. FF 1
1
F F F F
1. F F
F F
F F F F F F F
F F
F F F F F F F
F F F F F F
F '' F F F ''
F F ˈ
1. F ˈ 2 F
F F
2. F F ( F )
Q = mc∆ t QL = mL
3. F F F ( F )
Q = mc∆ t QL = mL
4. F F F = F ˈ F
F F
F
Q = mc∆ t QL = mL Q = mc∆ t QL = mL
F F F F F F F
F
F F F F F F F
F 100
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2. 1. F F F F 00C F F F 00C
F
2. F F F F 1000C F F F
1000C F F
2. F
1. ˈ F ˂ F F
2. F F F F F F
3. F F F
F
2.1 F
1 F ( Robber Boyle )
F ˈ F F
F ʾ . . 1662 F F F
F F F ˈ
F F ˈ 2 F F F
F F F 2.5
2.5 F F P V T
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3. F F P= F V= F
1
F F P F
V
1
P = k  K = F slope
V
PV = K = F
K F F
F F F F F F FP V
ˈ F F (P) F
(V) T1 , T 2 T3 F T3 > T 2 > T 1
F F F
F F F ˈ F
∴ F P1 V 1 = P 2 V 2 ( F )
P1 V1 ˈ F P2 V2 ˈ
F
2 F F ( Jacques Charles )
F , F F F
F F F F F F
ʾ . .1787 F F F F FF F
F F F F F
F ˈ F 2.6 -273.150C
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4. 2.6 F F (V) (T)
v0
a F slope =
273.15
 v0 
V=  t + v0
 273.15 
 t 
V = v 0 1 +  ------ ∂
 273.15 
∂ FF F ˈ F F
F ˈ F F ˈ F
273.150C
273.150C F ˈ F F 273.150C OK
F F F (absolute zero) ˈ F F F F F
F F ˈ F (a) ˈ F F F ˈ
F F ʽ F F F F F
F 0.0015 F
F
T = 273.15 + t
T= , t=
F F T t (a) F FV T (K)
F (b)
(b) F V = KT K = slope
V
= K
T
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5. K F F F
FF F
ˈ F F F F F
F F F F
V1 V2
=
T1 T2
3 F ( Gay Lussac )
Gay Lussac F F F
FF F F F ˈ
F ˈ F F ˈ F
2.7
F F (P) (T) F F
F
P = KT K = slope
P
= K
T
K F F F
F F P1 T1
P2 T2 F F
P1 P2
= ( )
T1 T2
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6. 4 F ( Gas Law )
F F F F F F F
F F
P1 V1 T1 F P2 V2
T2 F F ˈ
F
1. P1 V1 ˈ P2 Vt F
F T1
2
P1 , V 1 , T 1 T P 2 , V t , T1
F F P1 V 1 = P 2 V t
∴ PV
Vt = 1 1 - -- - - - - ∂
P2
2. Vt T1 ˈ V2 T2 F
ˈ P2 F
2 3
P 2 , V t , T1 P P2 , V 2 , T2
Vt V2
F F F = - -- - - - - •
T1 T2
P1V1 V2
F ∂ • F =
P2T1 T2
∴ P1V1 P2V2
T1
=
T2
- - - - - - -÷
PV
÷ F F F PV = K K F
T T
F F
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7. F K
F F S.T.P ( T = 273 , P = 1.01x 105
2
/ ) 1 22.4
∴ F K F 1 F K=
PV
T
1.01x105 x 22.4x10−3
=
273
K = 8 . 28 ≈ 8 . 3 J / mole .K
F F 1 = 8.3 J/mole.K F F F F FR
F F Fn F F
PV
= nR
T
PV = nRT
(N) F F (n) F F
1 = 6.02 × 1023
F n F = 6.02 × 1023 n
F F NA = = 6.02 × 1023
N = F n
N
F N = nNA n=
NÄ
PV = nRT F F PV = N RT
NÄ
 R   8 .3 
PV = N
 N T
 = N
 T

 Ä  6 . 02 x 10 23 
(
PV = N 1 .38 x10 − 23 T )
ΡV = NK BT
R
KB = = 1.38x10 − 23 J / K F F F
NA
F F F
มวลเป็ นกรัมของก๊าซ (m )
(n ) =
มวลโมเลกุล ของก๊าซ (M )
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8. m
F F n = PV = nRT
M
m
PV = RT
M
PV R
=
mT M
R
F ˈ F F F F FF F F
M
PV
F F F
mT
F
1. F P, V , T PV = nRT
2. F P, V , T ΡV = NK BT
3. F F F F
P1 V1 P V
= 2 2
m 1T1 m 2 T2
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