1. CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAM
[ISHIKAWA]
BY:-
Lalit Mohan
Lalit Mohan (L)

2. WHAT IS IT?
 An analysis tool that provides a systematic
way of looking at effects and their
respective causes
 Developed by Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa of
Japan in 1943 and is sometimes referred
to as an Ishikawa Diagram or a Fishbone
Diagram because of its shape

3. Why implement this?
 It helps determine the root causes of a
problem using a structured approach.
 It encourages group participation and
utilizes group knowledge of the process.
 It uses an orderly, easy-to-read format to
diagram cause-and-effect. relationships
 It indicates possible causes of variation in
a process.

4. What does it do?
 Enables team to focus on the content of
the problem , not on the history of the
problem.
 Focus the team on cause not on
symptoms.

5. How to implement ?
 Generate the cause needed to build a cause and
effect diagram,choose one method.
 Brain storming
 Check data sheets collected before meeting
 Construct a cause and effect diagram
 Place the problem statement in a box on right hand
side
 Draw the root causes of process and connect it to
the back bone of fish bone.
 Causes causes EFFECT
 Causes causes

6. Major types of causes:-
 Production process
 Machines
 Method
 Material
 People
 Environment
Service process
 Policies
 Procedure
 Plant
 people

7. Cause and effect diagram general
structure

8. Analyze the diagram
• Look for causes that appear repeatedly.
These may represent root causes.
• Look for what you can measure in each cause
so you can quantify the effects of any
changes you make.
• Most importantly, identify and circle the
causes that you can take action on.

9. Any questions