2. Materials Characterization Lab
www.mri.psu.edu/mcl
Summer Characterization Open Houses
Technique Time Date Location
Thermal analysis (TGA, DTA, DSC) 9:45 AM June 8 250 MRL Bldg.
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM/STEM) 9:45 AM June 15 114 MRI Bldg
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 9:45 AM June 22 541 Deike Bldg.
Analytical SEM 11:00 AM June 22 541 Deike Bldg.
X-ray Diffraction (XRD) 9:45 AM June 29 250 MRL Bldg.
Dielectric Characterization (25 min lecture only) 9:45 AM July 6 250 MRL bldg.
High temperature sintering lab (20 min lecture only) 10:15 AM July 6 250 MRL Bldg.
Focused Ion Beam (FIB) 9:45 AM July 13 114 MRI Bldg
TEM sample preparation 11:00 AM July 13 114 MRI Bldg
Orientation imaging microscopy (OIM/EBSD) 9:45 AM July 20 250 MRL Bldg.
Chemical analysis (ICP, ICP-MS) 9:45 AM July 27 541 Deike Bldg.
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) 9:45 AM August 3 114 MRI Bldg
Small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) 9:45 AM August 10 541 Deike Bldg.
Particle Characterization 9:45 AM August 17 250 MRL
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS/ESCA) 9:45 AM August 24 114 MRI Bldg
Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) 11:00 AM August 24 114 MRI Bldg
NOTE LOCATIONS: The MRI Bldg is in the Innovation Park near the Penn Stater Hotel; MRL Bldg. is on Hastings Road.
More information: www.mri.psu.edu/mcl
3. Materials Characterization Lab
www.mri.psu.edu/mcl
Materials Characterization Lab Locations
MRI Bldg:
XPS/ESCA, FIB
SIMS, TEM, HR-
TEM, FE-Auger,
MRL Bldg:
Hosler Bldg:
AFM, XRD
SEM, XRD, OIM, DTA,
SEM,AFM,ESEM,
DSC, TGA, FTIR, Penn Stater
FE-SEM, EPMA, ICP,
Hotel
Raman, AFM, Powder,
E&ES Bldg: ICP-MS,BET, SAXS
dielectric, prep, shop,
SEM
IC, UV-Vis
Route 322
Steidle Bldg:
Atherton Street
Nanoindenter
(322 Business)
I-99
Park Ave.
0
0 0
0 0 0 0
Ave. 0
0 0 0 0
Park 0
Beaver
0
0
Stadium
0
0
0
Centre
0
0
Porter Road
Community
Univ
Shortlidg
Hospital
0
0
Burrowes Road
ersi
ty D
e
Pollock Road
Road
rive
North
Hastin
Deike Bldg: gs Ro
ad
College Ave.
8. Materials Characterization Lab
www.mri.psu.edu/mcl
Comprehensive energy-level diagram
showing all electron transitions which
Moseley’s relation between λ
give rise to K, L and M x-rays.
and Z for the Kα1, Lα1 and Mα1
characteristic x-ray lines.
37. Materials Characterization Lab
www.mri.psu.edu/mcl
EPMA
ELECTRON PROBE MICRO ANALYZER
• Ebeam built for Quant
• Stability
• Controlled Geometry
• WDS Resolution/Sensitivity
• Intensity
38. Materials Characterization Lab
www.mri.psu.edu/mcl
Efficiency of XRAY Microanalysis
1 nA of beam electrons = 10-9 coulomb/sec
1 electron’s charge = 1.6x 10-19 coulomb
ergo, 1 nA = 1010 electrons/sec
Probability that an electron will cause an ionization: 1 in 1000 to 1 in
10,000
ergo, 1 nA of electrons in one second will yield 106 ionizations/sec
Probability that ionization will yield characteristic X-ray (not Auger
electron):
1 in 10 to 4 in 10.
ergo, our 1 nA of electrons in 1 second will yield 105 xrays.
Probability of detection: for EDS, solid angle < 0.01 (1 in 100). WDS,
<.001
ergo 103 X-rays/sec detected by EDS, and 102 by WDS. These are for
pure elements. For EDS, 10 wt%, 102 X-rays; 1 wt% 10 X-rays; 0.1 wt
% 1 X-ray/sec.
41. Materials Characterization Lab
www.mri.psu.edu/mcl
Image Acquisition Times
number of .1 1 10
pixel density 100 sec/pixel
pixels sec/pixel sec/pixel sec/pixel
16 X 16 256 25.6 sec 4.2 min 42 min 7.1 hrs
64 X 64 4096 6.8 min 68 min 11.3 hrs 4.7 days
128 X 128 16384 27.3 min 4.5 hrs 1.9 days 18.9 days
256 X 256 65536 1.82 hrs 18.2 hrs 7.58 days 75.8 days
1024 X 1024 1048576 29.1 hrs 12.1 days 121.3 days 3.3 years
43. Materials Characterization Lab
www.mri.psu.edu/mcl
GRAND Mg
Upper Granite Gorge, Grand Canyon
Mg Ka map from a garnet crystal, mile 83, Upper Granite Gorge,
Grand Canyon (Green - garnet; red - chlorite; orange - biotite;
dark blue - muscovite; dark colors - primarily quartz).
51. Materials Characterization Lab
www.mri.psu.edu/mcl
Glass
Dark Vortex
Si 31.5
Si 25.8
Al 1.2
Al 12.5
Na 1.4
Na 12.5
Ca 4.4
Ca 0.9
Ba 1.5
Ba 0.8
K 0.6
K 0.8
Cu 1.8
Cu 0.4
Zr 0.1
Zr 1.4
