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SCRUM
                                   Approcher l’incertitude




CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 Laurent Dupont                         Jeudis du libre - Bruxelles Novembre 2012
Agenda



   C’est quoi?
                         C’est bien?




                 SCRUM

           Pourquoi?
                                  Comment?
LES
PRINCIPES
LE PROCESSUS
✴Rôles clairs et définis

✴Protection de l’équipe

✴Décision collégiale

✴Responsabilisation




    LES ROLES
LES ÉLÉMENTS


          COMPANY
LE BACKLOG
• Priorité - Business

• Découpage

• Estimation virtuelle - échelle commune

• Décision collégiale
COMPANY
COMPANY
COMPANY
COMPANY
VALEURS AGILES
• L’équipe

• L’application

• La collaboration

• L’acceptation du changement
WATERFALL.




             COMPANY
WATERFALL.
AKA DOMINO



  http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2468c_parti-de-domino-rate_creation
WATERFALL
            • Forte dépendance entre phases

            • Processus très sécurisé,
              administré

            • Importance de l’analyse initiale

            • Risque

            • Valeur réalisée à la fin uniquement
ITERATIVE WATERFALL
           • Succession de sprints waterfall

           • Pas de valeur si le sprint n’est pas
             fini

           • Estimation totale de l’effort?

           • ≃ Pragmatic scrum?
✴ Origine industrielle

✴ Plusieurs types de
méthodes Agiles

✴ Scrum est le plus utilisé




AGILE
CA
FONCTIONNE?
Figure 1 Agile Is Organizations’ Primary Development Approach

                           “Please select the methodology that most closely reflects
                               the development process you are currently using.”
                                                (select only one)
                                                 Scrum                10.9%
                                       Agile Modeling           6.0%
                  Feature-driven development (FDD)           3.8%
                     Test-driven development (TDD)          3.4%
                          eXtreme Programming (XP)         2.9%
                                   Lean development       2.1%                    Agile, 35%
       Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) for Agile      1.8%
                                   Agile Data Method 1.6%
              Adaptive Software Development (ASD) 1.3%
                                             Six Sigma 0.9%
                                                Crystal 0.3%
                 Behavior-driven development (BDD) 0.2%
     Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) 0.2%
           Do not use a formal process methodology                                              30.6%
                               Iterative development                        16.3%
                       Rational Unified Process (RUP)       2.7%                          Iterative, 21%
                                                  Spiral 1.6%
                                              Waterfall            8.4%
       Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)        2.5%              Waterfall, 13%
                                              ISO 9000     2.5%
                                            Base: 1,298 IT professionals
  Source: Forrester/Dr. Dobb’s Global Developer Technographics® Survey, Q3 2009
  56100                                                                              Source: Forrester Research, Inc.




POPULAIRE
Figure 1 Agile Is Organizations’ Primary Development Approach

                           “Please select the methodology that most closely reflects
                               the development process you are currently using.”
                                                (select only one)
                                                 Scrum                10.9%
                                       Agile Modeling           6.0%
                  Feature-driven development (FDD)           3.8%
                     Test-driven development (TDD)          3.4%
                          eXtreme Programming (XP)         2.9%
                                   Lean development       2.1%                    Agile, 35%
       Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) for Agile      1.8%
                                   Agile Data Method 1.6%
              Adaptive Software Development (ASD) 1.3%
                                             Six Sigma 0.9%
                                                Crystal 0.3%
                 Behavior-driven development (BDD) 0.2%
     Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) 0.2%
           Do not use a formal process methodology                                              30.6%
                               Iterative development                        16.3%
                       Rational Unified Process (RUP)       2.7%                          Iterative, 21%
                                                  Spiral 1.6%
                                              Waterfall            8.4%
       Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)        2.5%              Waterfall, 13%
                                              ISO 9000     2.5%
                                            Base: 1,298 IT professionals
  Source: Forrester/Dr. Dobb’s Global Developer Technographics® Survey, Q3 2009
  56100                                                                              Source: Forrester Research, Inc.




POPULAIRE
Figure 1 Agile Is Organizations’ Primary Development Approach

                           “Please select the methodology that most closely reflects
                               the development process you are currently using.”
                                                (select only one)
                                                 Scrum                10.9%
                                       Agile Modeling           6.0%
                  Feature-driven development (FDD)           3.8%
                     Test-driven development (TDD)          3.4%
                          eXtreme Programming (XP)         2.9%
                                   Lean development       2.1%                    Agile, 35%
       Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) for Agile      1.8%
                                   Agile Data Method 1.6%
              Adaptive Software Development (ASD) 1.3%
                                             Six Sigma 0.9%
                                                Crystal 0.3%
                 Behavior-driven development (BDD) 0.2%
     Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) 0.2%
           Do not use a formal process methodology                                              30.6%
                               Iterative development                        16.3%
                       Rational Unified Process (RUP)       2.7%                          Iterative, 21%
                                                  Spiral 1.6%
                                              Waterfall            8.4%
       Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)        2.5%              Waterfall, 13%
                                              ISO 9000     2.5%
                                            Base: 1,298 IT professionals
  Source: Forrester/Dr. Dobb’s Global Developer Technographics® Survey, Q3 2009
  56100                                                                              Source: Forrester Research, Inc.




POPULAIRE
Figure 1 Agile Is Organizations’ Primary Development Approach

                           “Please select the methodology that most closely reflects
                               the development process you are currently using.”
                                                (select only one)
                                                 Scrum                10.9%
                                       Agile Modeling           6.0%
                  Feature-driven development (FDD)           3.8%
                     Test-driven development (TDD)          3.4%
                          eXtreme Programming (XP)         2.9%
                                   Lean development       2.1%                    Agile, 35%
       Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) for Agile      1.8%
                                   Agile Data Method 1.6%
              Adaptive Software Development (ASD) 1.3%
                                             Six Sigma 0.9%
                                                Crystal 0.3%
                 Behavior-driven development (BDD) 0.2%
     Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) 0.2%
           Do not use a formal process methodology                                              30.6%
                               Iterative development                        16.3%
                       Rational Unified Process (RUP)       2.7%                          Iterative, 21%
                                                  Spiral 1.6%
                                              Waterfall            8.4%
       Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)        2.5%              Waterfall, 13%
                                              ISO 9000     2.5%
                                            Base: 1,298 IT professionals
  Source: Forrester/Dr. Dobb’s Global Developer Technographics® Survey, Q3 2009
  56100                                                                              Source: Forrester Research, Inc.




POPULAIRE
Figure 1 Agile Is Organizations’ Primary Development Approach

                           “Please select the methodology that most closely reflects
                               the development process you are currently using.”
                                                (select only one)
                                                 Scrum                10.9%
                                       Agile Modeling           6.0%
                  Feature-driven development (FDD)           3.8%
                     Test-driven development (TDD)          3.4%
                          eXtreme Programming (XP)         2.9%
                                   Lean development       2.1%                    Agile, 35%
       Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) for Agile      1.8%
                                   Agile Data Method 1.6%
              Adaptive Software Development (ASD) 1.3%
                                             Six Sigma 0.9%
                                                Crystal 0.3%
                 Behavior-driven development (BDD) 0.2%
     Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) 0.2%
           Do not use a formal process methodology                                              30.6%
                               Iterative development                        16.3%
                       Rational Unified Process (RUP)       2.7%                          Iterative, 21%
                                                  Spiral 1.6%
                                              Waterfall            8.4%
       Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)        2.5%              Waterfall, 13%
                                              ISO 9000     2.5%
                                            Base: 1,298 IT professionals
  Source: Forrester/Dr. Dobb’s Global Developer Technographics® Survey, Q3 2009
  56100                                                                              Source: Forrester Research, Inc.




POPULAIRE
EFFICACE
LA TAILLE COMPTE
COMPANY
Amélioration perçue suite à l’implémentation de Scrum


                                   0 %        22.500 %     45.000 %     67.500 %     90.000 %




Amélioration de la productivité



           Réduction des bugs



Mise en production plus rapide



                     Coût réduit




         RÉSULTATS
Melnik/Maurer 2005




SATISFACTION
POURQUOI?




            COMPANY
C’EST
HUMAIN   COMPANY
Mariage                                        Voyage




 Avez vous déjà essayé de visualiser un projet de plusieurs mois?
                           Organisation personelle
                           Cer veau
                           TODOS

                                                          Construction


Année scolaire
                                Carrière




                                                       COMPANY
Mariage                                        Voyage




 Avez vous déjà essayé de visualiser un projet de plusieurs mois?
                           Organisation personelle
                           Cer veau
                           TODOS

                                                          Construction


Année scolaire
                                Carrière




                                                       COMPANY
Mariage                                        Voyage




 Avez vous déjà essayé de visualiser un projet de plusieurs mois?
                           Organisation personelle
                           Cer veau
                           TODOS

                                                           Construction


Année scolaire                                        Unités temporelles du
                                Carrière              cerveau:
                                                      - Heure
                                                      - Jour
                                                      - Semaine
                                                      - Mois
                                                        COMPANY
C’EST SOCIÉTAL
             COMPANY
But spécifique         Taches & stories

 Engagement            Equipe & sprint

  Feedback         Review & Retrospective

  Obstacles      Auto gestion & Scrum Master




LOCKE & LATHAM
C’EST
GÉNÉRATIONNEL
            COMPANY
DEUX PARADIGMES



    1960 - 1979   1980 - 1999
DEUX PARADIGMES



    1960 - 1979   1980 - 1999
DEUX PARADIGMES



    1960 - 1979   1980 - 1999
DEUX PARADIGMES



    1960 - 1979   1980 - 1999
DEUX PARADIGMES



    1960 - 1979   1980 - 1999
DEUX PARADIGMES



    1960 - 1979   1980 - 1999
DEUX PARADIGMES



    1960 - 1979   1980 - 1999
DEUX PARADIGMES



    1960 - 1979   1980 - 1999
DEUX PARADIGMES



    1960 - 1979   1980 - 1999
DEUX PARADIGMES



    1960 - 1979   1980 - 1999
DEUX PARADIGMES



    1960 - 1979   1980 - 1999
UNE
IMPLÉMENTATION
CONTEXTE
•Société de dev WEB

•1 client principal

•7 développeurs

•Reduction de 2 à 1 analyste
LES ÉTAPES
1. Meeting quotidien

2. Scrum avec découpage par directeur de produit

3. Scrum avec découpage par équipe

4. Apprentissage des métriques et auto gestion
LES ÉTAPES                                         Social Scrum
1. Meeting quotidien

2. Scrum avec découpage par directeur de produit

3. Scrum avec découpage par équipe
                                                     Pragmatic
                                                    Social Scrum
                                                      Scrum
4. Apprentissage des métriques et auto gestion



                         Pure Scrum
LES ÉTAPES
LES RÔLES
LES RÔLES
Tableur

 Post its




  Cartes à jouer




LES OUTILS                   Courage
LES RÉSULTATS
         • Gain de productivité

         • Gain de qualité

         • Meilleur flexibilité pour le client

         • Motivation de l’équipe
• Sprint(s) raté(s)

• Information permanente

• «Stick to the rule»

• Les horaires

• L’incertitude




 DIFFICULTÉS
POUR
RÉUSSIR...


...AVOIR
LA FOI
QUELQUES
RÉFÉRENCES

➡The Machine That Changed the World: The Story of Lean Production - WOMACK
➡The Mythical Man Month and Other Essays on Software Engineering - BROOKS
➡Agile Retrospectives: Making Good Teams Great - DERBY
➡Scrum : le guide pratique de la méthode agile la plus populaire - AUBRY
➡Scrum and XP from the Trenches - KNIBERG (free on web)
➡3 Scrum Types <http://yusufarslan.net/3-scrum-types> - Yusuf Arslan
Questions & Réponses


                Laurent Dupont
                laurent.dupont@theboardtheory.com

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Scrum Approcher l'incertitude

  • 1. SCRUM Approcher l’incertitude CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 Laurent Dupont Jeudis du libre - Bruxelles Novembre 2012
  • 2. Agenda C’est quoi? C’est bien? SCRUM Pourquoi? Comment?
  • 5. ✴Rôles clairs et définis ✴Protection de l’équipe ✴Décision collégiale ✴Responsabilisation LES ROLES
  • 6. LES ÉLÉMENTS COMPANY
  • 7. LE BACKLOG • Priorité - Business • Découpage • Estimation virtuelle - échelle commune • Décision collégiale
  • 12. VALEURS AGILES • L’équipe • L’application • La collaboration • L’acceptation du changement
  • 13. WATERFALL. COMPANY
  • 14. WATERFALL. AKA DOMINO http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2468c_parti-de-domino-rate_creation
  • 15. WATERFALL • Forte dépendance entre phases • Processus très sécurisé, administré • Importance de l’analyse initiale • Risque • Valeur réalisée à la fin uniquement
  • 16. ITERATIVE WATERFALL • Succession de sprints waterfall • Pas de valeur si le sprint n’est pas fini • Estimation totale de l’effort? • ≃ Pragmatic scrum?
  • 17. ✴ Origine industrielle ✴ Plusieurs types de méthodes Agiles ✴ Scrum est le plus utilisé AGILE
  • 19. Figure 1 Agile Is Organizations’ Primary Development Approach “Please select the methodology that most closely reflects the development process you are currently using.” (select only one) Scrum 10.9% Agile Modeling 6.0% Feature-driven development (FDD) 3.8% Test-driven development (TDD) 3.4% eXtreme Programming (XP) 2.9% Lean development 2.1% Agile, 35% Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) for Agile 1.8% Agile Data Method 1.6% Adaptive Software Development (ASD) 1.3% Six Sigma 0.9% Crystal 0.3% Behavior-driven development (BDD) 0.2% Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) 0.2% Do not use a formal process methodology 30.6% Iterative development 16.3% Rational Unified Process (RUP) 2.7% Iterative, 21% Spiral 1.6% Waterfall 8.4% Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) 2.5% Waterfall, 13% ISO 9000 2.5% Base: 1,298 IT professionals Source: Forrester/Dr. Dobb’s Global Developer Technographics® Survey, Q3 2009 56100 Source: Forrester Research, Inc. POPULAIRE
  • 20. Figure 1 Agile Is Organizations’ Primary Development Approach “Please select the methodology that most closely reflects the development process you are currently using.” (select only one) Scrum 10.9% Agile Modeling 6.0% Feature-driven development (FDD) 3.8% Test-driven development (TDD) 3.4% eXtreme Programming (XP) 2.9% Lean development 2.1% Agile, 35% Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) for Agile 1.8% Agile Data Method 1.6% Adaptive Software Development (ASD) 1.3% Six Sigma 0.9% Crystal 0.3% Behavior-driven development (BDD) 0.2% Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) 0.2% Do not use a formal process methodology 30.6% Iterative development 16.3% Rational Unified Process (RUP) 2.7% Iterative, 21% Spiral 1.6% Waterfall 8.4% Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) 2.5% Waterfall, 13% ISO 9000 2.5% Base: 1,298 IT professionals Source: Forrester/Dr. Dobb’s Global Developer Technographics® Survey, Q3 2009 56100 Source: Forrester Research, Inc. POPULAIRE
  • 21. Figure 1 Agile Is Organizations’ Primary Development Approach “Please select the methodology that most closely reflects the development process you are currently using.” (select only one) Scrum 10.9% Agile Modeling 6.0% Feature-driven development (FDD) 3.8% Test-driven development (TDD) 3.4% eXtreme Programming (XP) 2.9% Lean development 2.1% Agile, 35% Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) for Agile 1.8% Agile Data Method 1.6% Adaptive Software Development (ASD) 1.3% Six Sigma 0.9% Crystal 0.3% Behavior-driven development (BDD) 0.2% Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) 0.2% Do not use a formal process methodology 30.6% Iterative development 16.3% Rational Unified Process (RUP) 2.7% Iterative, 21% Spiral 1.6% Waterfall 8.4% Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) 2.5% Waterfall, 13% ISO 9000 2.5% Base: 1,298 IT professionals Source: Forrester/Dr. Dobb’s Global Developer Technographics® Survey, Q3 2009 56100 Source: Forrester Research, Inc. POPULAIRE
  • 22. Figure 1 Agile Is Organizations’ Primary Development Approach “Please select the methodology that most closely reflects the development process you are currently using.” (select only one) Scrum 10.9% Agile Modeling 6.0% Feature-driven development (FDD) 3.8% Test-driven development (TDD) 3.4% eXtreme Programming (XP) 2.9% Lean development 2.1% Agile, 35% Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) for Agile 1.8% Agile Data Method 1.6% Adaptive Software Development (ASD) 1.3% Six Sigma 0.9% Crystal 0.3% Behavior-driven development (BDD) 0.2% Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) 0.2% Do not use a formal process methodology 30.6% Iterative development 16.3% Rational Unified Process (RUP) 2.7% Iterative, 21% Spiral 1.6% Waterfall 8.4% Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) 2.5% Waterfall, 13% ISO 9000 2.5% Base: 1,298 IT professionals Source: Forrester/Dr. Dobb’s Global Developer Technographics® Survey, Q3 2009 56100 Source: Forrester Research, Inc. POPULAIRE
  • 23. Figure 1 Agile Is Organizations’ Primary Development Approach “Please select the methodology that most closely reflects the development process you are currently using.” (select only one) Scrum 10.9% Agile Modeling 6.0% Feature-driven development (FDD) 3.8% Test-driven development (TDD) 3.4% eXtreme Programming (XP) 2.9% Lean development 2.1% Agile, 35% Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) for Agile 1.8% Agile Data Method 1.6% Adaptive Software Development (ASD) 1.3% Six Sigma 0.9% Crystal 0.3% Behavior-driven development (BDD) 0.2% Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) 0.2% Do not use a formal process methodology 30.6% Iterative development 16.3% Rational Unified Process (RUP) 2.7% Iterative, 21% Spiral 1.6% Waterfall 8.4% Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) 2.5% Waterfall, 13% ISO 9000 2.5% Base: 1,298 IT professionals Source: Forrester/Dr. Dobb’s Global Developer Technographics® Survey, Q3 2009 56100 Source: Forrester Research, Inc. POPULAIRE
  • 27. Amélioration perçue suite à l’implémentation de Scrum 0 % 22.500 % 45.000 % 67.500 % 90.000 % Amélioration de la productivité Réduction des bugs Mise en production plus rapide Coût réduit RÉSULTATS
  • 29. POURQUOI? COMPANY
  • 30. C’EST HUMAIN COMPANY
  • 31. Mariage Voyage Avez vous déjà essayé de visualiser un projet de plusieurs mois? Organisation personelle Cer veau TODOS Construction Année scolaire Carrière COMPANY
  • 32. Mariage Voyage Avez vous déjà essayé de visualiser un projet de plusieurs mois? Organisation personelle Cer veau TODOS Construction Année scolaire Carrière COMPANY
  • 33. Mariage Voyage Avez vous déjà essayé de visualiser un projet de plusieurs mois? Organisation personelle Cer veau TODOS Construction Année scolaire Unités temporelles du Carrière cerveau: - Heure - Jour - Semaine - Mois COMPANY
  • 34. C’EST SOCIÉTAL COMPANY
  • 35. But spécifique Taches & stories Engagement Equipe & sprint Feedback Review & Retrospective Obstacles Auto gestion & Scrum Master LOCKE & LATHAM
  • 37. DEUX PARADIGMES 1960 - 1979 1980 - 1999
  • 38. DEUX PARADIGMES 1960 - 1979 1980 - 1999
  • 39. DEUX PARADIGMES 1960 - 1979 1980 - 1999
  • 40. DEUX PARADIGMES 1960 - 1979 1980 - 1999
  • 41. DEUX PARADIGMES 1960 - 1979 1980 - 1999
  • 42. DEUX PARADIGMES 1960 - 1979 1980 - 1999
  • 43. DEUX PARADIGMES 1960 - 1979 1980 - 1999
  • 44. DEUX PARADIGMES 1960 - 1979 1980 - 1999
  • 45. DEUX PARADIGMES 1960 - 1979 1980 - 1999
  • 46. DEUX PARADIGMES 1960 - 1979 1980 - 1999
  • 47. DEUX PARADIGMES 1960 - 1979 1980 - 1999
  • 49. CONTEXTE •Société de dev WEB •1 client principal •7 développeurs •Reduction de 2 à 1 analyste
  • 50. LES ÉTAPES 1. Meeting quotidien 2. Scrum avec découpage par directeur de produit 3. Scrum avec découpage par équipe 4. Apprentissage des métriques et auto gestion
  • 51. LES ÉTAPES Social Scrum 1. Meeting quotidien 2. Scrum avec découpage par directeur de produit 3. Scrum avec découpage par équipe Pragmatic Social Scrum Scrum 4. Apprentissage des métriques et auto gestion Pure Scrum
  • 55. Tableur Post its Cartes à jouer LES OUTILS Courage
  • 56. LES RÉSULTATS • Gain de productivité • Gain de qualité • Meilleur flexibilité pour le client • Motivation de l’équipe
  • 57. • Sprint(s) raté(s) • Information permanente • «Stick to the rule» • Les horaires • L’incertitude DIFFICULTÉS
  • 59. QUELQUES RÉFÉRENCES ➡The Machine That Changed the World: The Story of Lean Production - WOMACK ➡The Mythical Man Month and Other Essays on Software Engineering - BROOKS ➡Agile Retrospectives: Making Good Teams Great - DERBY ➡Scrum : le guide pratique de la méthode agile la plus populaire - AUBRY ➡Scrum and XP from the Trenches - KNIBERG (free on web) ➡3 Scrum Types <http://yusufarslan.net/3-scrum-types> - Yusuf Arslan
  • 60. Questions & Réponses Laurent Dupont laurent.dupont@theboardtheory.com

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  12. Les quatre valeurs fondamentales Agiles sont de valoriser2&amp;#xA0;:\nLes individus et leurs interactions plus que les processus et les outils.\nDes logiciels op&amp;#xE9;rationnels plus qu&amp;#x2019;une documentation exhaustive.\nLa collaboration avec les clients plus que la n&amp;#xE9;gociation contractuelle.\nL&amp;#x2019;adaptation au changement plus que le suivi d&amp;#x2019;un plan.\n\n
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  34. 1975 - 1990\nSeulement, n&amp;#x2019;importe quel but n&amp;#x2019;a pas ces effets. Les buts les plus efficaces pour la performance partagent quatre caract&amp;#xE9;ristiques.\n1) &amp;#xA0;Les buts difficiles et sp&amp;#xE9;cifiques conduisent &amp;#xE0; de meilleures performances (avoir un 19 en psychologie sociale des organisations) que l&amp;#x2019;absence de buts ou des buts vagues (&amp;#x201C; faire de son mieux &amp;#x201D;). Mais attention, les buts doivent rester r&amp;#xE9;alisables (ce qui ne veut pas dire qu&amp;#x2019;ils doivent forc&amp;#xE9;ment &amp;#xEA;tre atteints) \n2) &amp;#xA0;Un fort engagement dans le but fix&amp;#xE9; augmente la performance (attention, il existe des variations culturelles, dans les soci&amp;#xE9;t&amp;#xE9;s orientales, les buts fix&amp;#xE9;s sont mieux accept&amp;#xE9;s que les buts choisis). \n3) &amp;#xA0;Afin d&amp;#x2019;influencer la performance, les buts doivent donner lieu &amp;#xE0; des feedbacks sp&amp;#xE9;cifiques et r&amp;#xE9;guliers. \n4) &amp;#xA0;Il ne doit pas y avoir d&amp;#x2019;obstacles &amp;#xE0; la r&amp;#xE9;alisation des buts. \n\n
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