1. Cardiovascular system

2. Procedures Cardiac Enzymes Cardiac Scan Ligation and Stripping

3. Cardiac Enzymes A blood test to determine the level of enzymes specific to heat muscles in the blood. An increase in the enzymes may indicate heart muscle damage such as myocardial infarction. These enzymes include creatinephosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), and glutamicoxaloacetictransaminase (GOT)

4. Cardiac Enzymes The physician will test the cardiac enzymes in situations where a myocardial infarction is suspected (patient with chest pain). Patients known to have had a heart attack may have cardiac enzymes monitored over several days to document improvement. Often the cardiac enzymes will not be abnormally elevated until 24 hours after the onset of the chest pain. A venipuncture specimen is needed to perform this special test.

5. Evaluating those with chest discomfort and a potentially life-threatening heart problem commonly includes four steps.Medical history, including relevant risk factors for coronary atherosclerosisPhysical examinationElectrocardiogram.Blood tests

6. A patient is given radioactive thallium intravenously and then scanning equipment is used to visualize the heart. It is especially useful in determining myocardial damage Cardiac Scan

7. cardiac scan is a painless test that uses an x-ray machine to take clear, detailed pictures of the heart. This common test is used to look for problems in the heart.During a cardiac CT scan, an x-ray machine will move around your body in a circle. The machine will take a picture of each part of your heart. A computer will put the pictures together to make a three-dimensional (3D) picture of the whole heart

8. Ligation and Stripping Surgical treatment for varicose veins the damage veins is tied off (ligation) and removed (stripping) Vein ligation and stripping is a minor surgery. An incision is made below the vein, a flexible instrument is threaded up the vein to the first incision, and the vein is grasped and removed.

9. Ligation and Stripping

10. Ligation and Stripping

11. Work Cited Medical Terminology: A living language,4th edition , Bonnie f. Fremgen, & Suzanne S. Frucht