2. • The trigeminal nerve
arises as a short, thick
sensory trunk and a
smaller motor
component from the
ventrolateral aspect of
the pons.
3. • Sensory to the
following structures:
1. the face,
2. the greater part of the
scalp,
3. the teeth,
4. the oral and nasal
cavities,
5. the dura mater
4. Motor to the following
structures:
1. the masticatory
muscles,
2. the anterior belly of
the digastric,
3. tensor tympani,
4. tensor veli palatini,
5. and the mylohyoid.
6. • The nerve passes anteriorly
over the petrous temporal
ridge into a tunnel of dura
mater (trigeminal or
Meckel’s cave) within the
middle cranial fossa. Within
the cave, the nerve flattens
out as the large trigeminal
(semilunar) ganglion
• And this, in turn, gives rise
to three divisions:
7. V1 - Opthalmic N.
(Sensory)
V2 - Maxillary N.
( Sensory)
V3 -Mandibular N.
(Mixed)
9. • The superior and the smallest of the trigeminal
division, and is wholly sensory. It supplies the
following:
1. the eyeball,
2. the lacrimal gland and
conjunctiva,
3. part of the nasal mucosa,
4. the skin of the nose,
eyelids, forehead and
part of the scalp.
10. Passes thru the supraorbital fissure and divides
into three branches:
1. Lacrimal n.
2. Frontal n.
3. Nasociliary n.
11. The Lacrimal Nerve
- the smallest of the
main ophthalmic
branches
- enters the orbit
through the lateral
part of the
supraorbital fissure
12. The Frontal Nerve
- the largest of the
ophthalmic division
- enters the orbit by the
supraorbital fissure
- has 2 branches:
a. Supraorbital N.
b. Supratrochlear N.
13. The Nasociliary Nerve
- intermediate size between
the frontal and lacrimal
nerves
- has 4 branches:
a. Short ciliary n.,
b. Long ciliary n.,
c. Anterior and posterior
ethmoidal n.
d. Infratrochlear n.
16. - The intermediate division of the trigeminal nerve is wholly
sensory.
- It leaves the trigeminal ganglion between the ophthalmic and
mandibular divisions to pass through the foramen rotundum.
17. Branches:
1. Meningeal Nerve
2. Branches to the
Sphenopalatine
Ganglion
3. Zygomatic Nerve
4. Posterior Superior
Alveolar Nerve
5. Infraorbital Nerve
18. Location of the Branches of the Maxillary Nerve:
In the cranial cavity Meningeal
In the pterygopalatine fossa Ganglionic,
Zygomatic,
Posterior Superior Alveolar
In the infraorbital canal Middle superior alveolar,
Anterior superior alveolar
On the face Palpebral,
Nasal,
Superior labial
21. • The largest trigeminal division, and is both sensory and
motor,exits the skull through the foramen ovale.
• It supplies the following structures:
a. the teeth and the gums of the mandible,
b. The skin in the temporal region,
c. Part of the auricle including the external meatus and
tympanum,
d. The lower lip,
e. The lower part of the face ,
f. The muscles of mastication,
g. The mucosa of the anterior 2/3s of the tongue,
h. And the mucosa of the floor of the mouth