1. PORTAL OF THE RUSSIAN GOVERNMENT
OF THE VICE-PREMIER
Briefing by Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin and the head of the Russian
Space Agency Oleg Ostapenko on international cooperation in the space sector
May 13, 2014 18:30
Transcript:
Rogozin : Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen! Today we have a meeting will be devoted to some issues related to international
cooperation in the space industry and individual space services, particularly navigation services. This is primarily due to that policy,
which today is held by the United States in respect of the Russian Federation to impose sanctions, including in this very sensitive area as
cooperation in the field of space.
We have repeatedly and our colleagues at the political and at the professional level of specialists Roscosmos said, warned them that
sanctions ­ it is always a boomerang, they always come back, and that is very sensitive to such things as, for example, cooperation in the
field of space exploration cooperation in space engine in the navigation area and especially in the field of manned spaceflight, sanctions
generally inappropriate. Waving them ­ is swinging an ax in a china shop. Nevertheless, we have always maintained that the Russian
policy is based on the principle statements in response to the statement and action in response to the action.
At the moment we have a number of problems, which tells in detail Oleg Ostapenko, head of the Federal Space Agency, I will outline
them.

2. The first problem ­ it is, in fact, the failure to place on the territory of the United States of America station infrastructure, global system,
GLONASS, and this despite the fact that the territory of the Russian Federation in 10 subjects of the Federation is 11 stations reception
GPS. It has been several months, the situation does not move from any point of view, therefore, the question of proportionality and
reciprocity of action.
Second. As you know, certain actions have been taken in order to nullify the possibility of delivery to the Russian Federation spacecraft
for launches of Russian carrier rockets. The reference here was the fact that in these spacecraft, including manufactured in the European
Union, there is an electronic component manufacturing base of the United States of America, and under this pretext, these spacecraft
were not issued, despite the signed contracts. Accordingly, this situation is quite complicated, because it puts the enterprise Russian
aerospace industry, which produce corresponding boosters, in a difficult economic situation.
And, strictly speaking, the third rather important point ­ is that over the years, from the mid­1990s, in accordance with the decisions of the
Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the United States, we supply rocket engines in the United States for the
benefit of the ISS starts . It supplies the engine NK­33 JSC "Kuznetsov", Samara our company. The engine is not new, it is still the
beginning of the development of the 1970s. This engine was designed in the Soviet Union for the implementation of the Soviet lunar
program. Then this program was suspended, and these engines is successful, is effective and safe, highly reliable, available in the United
States.
Also talking about the delivery by the company MPO "Energomash" RD­180 engines for start­ups, including the benefit of the United
States Government, and these supplies were all stable lately.
Russian rocket engine has received the necessary funds to update its own production to start new developments, but also in the last days
it was reported that it is likely, at least in RD­180 engine that supplies will be discontinued.
In this context and with the Government of the Russian Federation, and by the Russian Federal Space Agency have been taken certain
actions in order to prevent our partners about the possibility of retaliatory our steps. Now Oleg (Ostapenko) tells about his contacts with
American and European counterparts. Please.
O.Ostapenko : Yes, thank you. With regard to activities in the field, they are concentrated basically in five key areas. This is the
International Space Station ­ in this direction was initially agreed that this area remains without any changes, and in general, all sanction
actions in this plan do not affect this program works. Next, as has already been announced here Dmitry O. (Rogozin) , with regards to the
delivery of RD­180, SC­33; providing launch services relevant spacecraft; activity on the system GPS / GLONASS and long­term
research programs.
With regard to these areas. Initially the position of the United States of America was pretty categorical. But having considered how it will
all be vzaimonevygodno, because we can not just look neutral and observe these actions, we have identified and appropriate steps with

3. respect to the United States and certain steps that negate the problems that may be we are relatively our programs ... We can solve the
problems that confront us. But at the same time on those actions that have been taken, we initially tried to build its work harmoniously in
terms of meeting all its obligations, and to date we, in fulfilling all obligations.
As for the RD­180, SC­33, the task was initially so that we stop buying these engines.
But experience has shown that not everything is in our own, if I may say so, colleagues from the United States, which may have to solve
their problems with this engine. This engine, really, though a long development, but quite promising and has the possibility of upgrading,
and the potential it has very decent.
We put the question in a way that we can begin to reproduce it for yourself and for yourself, but at the same time, given the fact that on
the engine issue is that we were not able to run or use of these engines in the United States of America ... We rather, put the question in
such a way that they could not use for the benefit of military tasks, as we often limit for starting services again spacecraft launch for
peaceful purposes only and dual purpose ­ there are some problems here. So on the engine NK­33, RD­180 parity here we put the
problem and solve it parity.
The talks also relatively launch services I just recently had a conversation with the head of NASA, Charles Bolden Mr. On this subject
we have been quite constructive conversation, and in general, he concluded that it was inappropriate and it would be wrong to build a
work from the viewpoint of dictatorship. Just as a result of this work to date waived if I may say so, the embargo on the shipping engines.
We are ready to supply these engines in the United States, but under one condition: they will not solve the problem by launching military
spacecraft.
As for launching spacecraft commercial interests boosters "Proton". At our 2014 all licenses issued, today we can say that this trend is a
definite prospect in 2014, and now we are negotiating 2015­2016.
With regard to cooperation on GLONASS and GPS Installation glonassovskih our stations across the United States. United States until
we say so orally expressed its readiness to consider the installation of these stations in the United States. We have submitted the relevant
documents to the question was considered. If it is not a constructive solution in this regard, of course, adequate measures will be taken
with respect to the stations of the United States of America on our territory. So much for the work in this direction.
With regard to the promising directions of scientific character, at least those conversations that were held with the leadership of the
European Space Agency, and NASA leadership ... They are today assure us that the programs will not be curtailed, and we hope that this
work will continue. This is the situation today.
Rogozin: With regard to navigation services, give you some background information of the plan that may be useful for you. These are
the following agreements between the Government of the Russian Federation and the U.S. Government on scientific and technical

4. cooperation: agreement of 16 December 1993, and it has been extended until 15 December 2015, as well as talking about the agreement
on the exchange of seismological and geodynamic data between Geophysical Survey Russian Academy of Sciences and by IRIS from
September 15, 2011. In accordance with these agreements, as I said, in the territory of a number of subjects of the Russian Federation, the
subjects I call: Kaluga region, Sverdlovsk, Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Republic of Sakha (Tiksi and Yakutsk), Irkutsk, Magadan,
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Petropavlovsk­Kamchatsky Yuzhno­Sakhalinsk ­ so here are the station infrastructure GPS. Therefore,
since we have in recent months there was no progress in the negotiations on placement (similar placement) GLONASS infrastructure in
the United States, until May 31, we still have time to resolve this issue. On June 1, we suspend the operation of these GPS stations on the
territory of the Russian Federation. A working group of the Federal Space Agency, the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs. We are embarking on negotiations with the United States, allot it three months, ie until the end of this summer. We
hope that these negotiations will find solutions that will allow on the basis of parity and proportionality restore this cooperation. If not,
from September 1, the operation of these stations will be stopped completely. I also want to say that the results of simulation, which was
conducted by the Federal Space Agency, strictly speaking, civilian GPS users in the Russian Federation will not suffer. Therefore, it will
not affect, in fact, on the navigation services themselves. Nevertheless believe that then we can not wait.
With regard to the International Space Station. Extremely sensitive topic. We are somewhat not that amused, but was surprised that the
United States is willing to go to reduce overall cooperation in practically all areas of work with the Russian Space Agency, except for the
ISS. That is what they are interested, they leave, that they are less interested they are willing to take risks. We also understand that the
International Space Station ­ is fragile in the literal and figurative sense, the theme. We are talking about manned space flight, the
astronauts about life, why we are here, too, will behave very pragmatic and will not put any whatsoever obstacles to the ISS. However,
we must bear in mind that the complexity of putting in front of us, before our industry to create launchers, spacecraft capable of
delivering our cosmonauts and U.S. astronauts to the ISS ... Obviously perfectly logical that this kind of hitch from the United States, that
is, they prevent delivery vehicles and means of evacuation and thus believe that the ISS can not touch it. We have a certain application,
the interest expressed by our American colleagues, regarding the extension of the ISS until 2024, but the Federal Space Agency, our
colleagues (and the Academy of Sciences, and the Foundation for Advanced Studies) is now ready to offer some new strategic
considerations related to the further development of the Russian Space after 2020. We expect that we need exactly the ISS until 2020.
As for the RD­180, which also had some obscene vanity. Since the United States are so afraid to work with us on projects that may have
a dual purpose, and now, I am sorry, each spacecraft has, in fact, a dual purpose, can be used as a defense communications plan and civil
plan, or say , remote sensing and more ­ is very hard to spend some face ... Nevertheless, we consider this position American
counterparts, and in confirmation of the words of Oleg Nikolayevich Ostapenko want to say that yes, indeed, we will now assume that
no assurance that our engines are only used solely for purposes of civil excretion loads, we can no longer continue to supply these
engines in the United States, and can not carry out the necessary maintenance work on already delivered engines that are in the United
States. We need these guarantees. It would be strange if the money and intellect Russian military people are output load, which will then
be used for all kinds of obscure for us to act out of space.

5. Here, in fact, that we wanted to tell you. You see, our steps are extremely cautious, as I said, a statement to the statement. But if the
action, then we will certainly go for action. In general, we are in the Military­Industrial Commission, the Government of the Russian
Federation, the Federal Space Agency, the appropriate structures of the Academy of Sciences discussing. We were very anxious to
continue to develop serious high­tech projects with an unreliable partner, as the United States, which would politicize everything, willing
to risk serious prospects that affect the interests of all mankind, not just the United States. In this regard, the Russian Government has
instructed the Federal Space Agency to intensify work with our partners in the Asia­Pacific region, with a view to them looking for
interesting projects for development of near and far space. Thank you.
Question: Dmitry O., tell examined whether such an option that Russia itself will begin to introduce some kind of sanctions as a
precautionary measure, that is, will not respond, and she is the initiator of any denials or terminations? Is it feasible in view of the above?
Rogozin: Sanctions initiative we will not enter for the simple reason that, as I said, the sanctions ­ is an unhealthy way of thinking,
unhealthy way of action, particularly in areas such as high technology. Because we understand that each job created, for example, in the
Russian space industry, which automatically creates nine jobs in related industries, for us it is a matter of employment of our experts, it is
a question of our development. You know what great efforts have been made ​​by the Government, rocket and space industry, the Federal
Space Agency, in order to get out of a succession of great troubles, which have pursued in recent years. We went on the road, which was
supported by the President of Russia, on the establishment of the Joint Rocket and Space Corporation, it is now in the process of
registration.
For us, the language of sanctions completely, first, inappropriate, and secondly, it is not timely. We are not up to the sanctions, we have a
lot of their problems, so we will use only such actions that will protect us from this very awkward behavior of a large elephant in a china
shop fragile, you know? We will this dish in the china shop obkladyvat papers, so to speak, different soft tissues to her elephant is not
broke. Such a plan of action we perform, and especially themselves worsen the situation, which, in principle, consciously worsening
from Washington, of course, we will not. Of course, this does not address issues related to parry military threats that occur in the military
space, but that's another story, not for the audience, it's other issues, it's parry including prospective threats related to missile defense, the
creation of our programs development of aerospace defense. But speaking of civil space, certainly we are extremely careful, and what we
have just said, it's just the alignment of respect for us, our industry, our national interests that form a high­tech look of our country.
Here is silent on GLONASS we simply can not, because it sverhneserezny approach when, having for so many years of work with the
Academy of Sciences of the station almost the entire territory of the Russian Federation, with the required information from these stations,
we suddenly say that our stations, which yet in the U.S., will carry a reconnaissance nature. And then what they are doing here for all
these years since 1993? Question? Question. So everything should be on the mind, everything should be exclusively, as they say,
fraternally.
Question: ITAR­TASS. Dmitry O. I have a clarifying question. You said on the extension of the ISS until 2024, that at least American

6. colleagues want it, but it said that there is a proper vision of the project that need to station 2020. And then what will happen after?
Rogozin: Oleg will not let me lie, but we have about a third of the budget of all space programs associated with manned space flight ­
that is, with the ISS. It's a big, huge amount of money, the people's money. We want to think more, to think beyond the horizon.
Basically manned space flight in the form in which it now exists, involves two inextricably linked segment ­ American and Russian. And
again Roscosmos specialists confirm they are reported to the Government that the Russian segment (it will sound a little surprising to
you) can exist independently from the U.S., the American segment of Russia can not exist independently. Is the specificity of the station.
Second. More in the next few years, the only way to deliver astronauts to the ISS are the only Russian media. The United States has no
such means, so there is dependency, to put it mildly, mutual, but mostly it is from the United States, in order to extend the work on the
ISS. ISS for us ... Now it is a very pragmatic approach should be. We must understand that we are extracting the profit, both literally and
figuratively, from the International Space Station, which scientific program we can develop there, what people are doing our astronauts
there, what is the ratio efficiency / ruble our investments in the ISS. In this regard, we have respect for the work that is being conducted
by the Federal Space Agency. It is reported that in the near future, in the summer, the Government of the Russian Federation will present
new developments, a preliminary design for promising space projects for the development of near and far space. Such work is underway
Oleg Nikolayevich Ostapenko, together with the leadership of the Foundation for Advanced Studies. Therefore, after 2020, we would
like to divert these resources and intellectual capabilities, and manufacturing capabilities to create a more promising space projects.
Perhaps they will not only national, they may also be internationalized. The choice of partners will then be behind us. We ourselves will
decide with whom we will continue to move in the near and far space.
Question: "Interfax". Oleg, you said on launches of foreign commercial vehicles, all that is planned for 2014, will be launched. Or
already have some obstacles, we are not allowed to foreign vehicles to run?
O.Ostapenko: Obstacles were no licenses have been issued, so to speak, to launch spacecraft in 2014, 2015, 2016. To date, licenses
issued in 2014. But we believe that? To date, we have in general acknowledgment that we are able to launch spacecraft, planned for
2014. But given the fact that, as said Dmitry Rogozin, unreliable partner exclusively, in any case we are working on the situation and the
worst option for us. Therefore, the work in this area continues inside, in our country, to solve this problem, but at the same time, we
continue to work with NASA and the European Space Agency.
Author Index:
Dmitry Rogozin...
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