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Mktg350 lecture 08212013
- 1. Online & New Media Class Introduction SNC-MKTG350 August 21, 2013
- 2. Tonight’s Agenda: Why the Web • Brief history of the internet • Shift from academia to business tool • How information travels • Internet governance • Browsers made all the difference • Purpose of a website/mobile site
- 3. A brief history • Leonard Kleinrock at MIT published the first paper on packet switching theory in July 1961 • “Internetworking” became possible in 1970’s when many computers exchanged data
- 4. Value of Decentralization • Multiple paths between two points • Faster • Not limited by delays; max capacity What tools were we communicating with in 1964?
- 5. 3 Key Ideas • Packet switching • Decentralization • Digital vs. ??
- 6. Academia to Business • 1981 - Access to the ARPANET was expanded when the National Science Foundation developed the Computer Science Network (NSFNET) • 1986 – Access to the ARPANET expanded again as NSFNET provided access to U.S. supercomputer sites from researchers and schools. • Late 1980’s – Commercial Internet service providers (ISPs) began to emerge • 1990 – The ARPANET was decommissioned • 1995 – NSFNET decommissioned, removing last restrictions on the use of the Internet to carry commercial traffic.
- 7. They grow so quickly! The Internet's takeover of the global communication landscape is nearly complete: – Internet only communicated 1% of the information in two-way telecommunications networks in 1993 – 51% by 2000 – more than 97% of the telecommunicated information by 2007.[1]
- 8. "A network of such computers, connected to one another by wide-band communication lines which provided the functions of present-day libraries together with anticipated advances in information storage and retrieval and such symbiotic functions." —J.C.R. Licklider, 1960
- 9. Academia to Business • Moved research and papers through networks • 1979 CompuServe offered electronic mail • 1980 CompuServe offered real-time chat • Bulletin board systems emerged • Dial-up emerged as a public offering • AOL offered content, email • Protocols began to align, widening networkability
- 10. 3 Key Ideas • NSFNET’s decommission • Internet protocols • Chat, then email, then sites
- 11. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) • Late 1980’s – Provided alternate network access – Supported regional research networks initially • 1992 Congress passed Scientific & Advanced Technology Act: NSF could support non-research related networks. • 1995 NSF ended “backbone” sponsorship for researchers, allowing researchers to use commercial ISPs.
- 13. Governance • ICANN – Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers – Internet Protocol Addresses: 255.255.255.0 – Domain Name System: www.google.com • Network Solutions formed 1991: – Registered top-level domains: .com, .net, .edu, .org
- 14. Browser Love
- 15. Hypertext • Easy way to manage long documents • Allows “jumping” among various reference points in documents • Started with DOS programs in late 1980’s • “Browsers” depended on reading HTML • Protocols grew out of need to optimize
- 16. Purpose of a Website
- 17. Who invented the internet?
Notes de l'éditeur
- Kleinrock went onto UCLAPhysicist Donald Davies independently developed same a few years later.Packet-switching network became ARPANET.The first computer network and packet switching network deployed for computer resource sharing was the Octopus Network at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory that began connecting four computersto several shared storage devices in 1968 and an IBM Photostore[4] in 1970) and to several hundred Teletype Model 33 ASR terminals for time sharing use starting in 1968.
- Say the word “analog”1 packet = 1024 bits … or 1 byte1000 bytes = 1 kB1000 squared = 1 megaByte1000 cubed = 1 gigaByte1000 to the 4th = 1 teraByte
- Say the word “analog”1 packet = 1024 bits … or 1 byte1000 bytes = 1 kB1000 squared = 1 megaByte1000 cubed = 1 gigaByte1000 to the 4th = 1 teraByte
- A series of networks came together, often regionally, and bit by bit they crossed each other’s lines of demarcations.
- The term "internet" was adopted in the first RFC published on the TCP protocol (RFC 675:[30] Internet Transmission Control Program, December 1974) as an abbreviation of the term internetworking and the two terms were used interchangeably. In general, an internet was any network using TCP/IP. It was around the time when ARPANET was interlinked with NSFNET in the late 1980s, that the term was used as the name of the network, Internet,[31] being the large and global TCP/IP network.
- Say the word “analog”1 packet = 1024 bits … or 1 byte1000 bytes = 1 kB1000 squared = 1 megaByte1000 cubed = 1 gigaByte1000 to the 4th = 1 teraByte
- Source: Internet Systems Consortium
- 1990 – first browser invented by Tim Burners-Lee1993 – Netscape invented by MarcAndressen
- Think “table of contents” and regulation codesOptimize time to build, optimize loading time, optimize search findability
- Let’s talk about this….