FAIRSpectra - Enabling the FAIRification of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry
Privacy Concerns and Social Robots
1. Privacy Concerns and Social Robots
Presenting New Empirical Evidence
New Friends Conference
Barcelona, November 3 2016
Christoph Lutz, christoph.lutz@bi.no - @lutzid Aurelia Tamò, @a_a_tamo
2. New Friends 2016
Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 2 Agenda
• Background
• Survey Methods
• Results
• Implications & Outlook
11. New Friends 2016
Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 11 Data and Method
• Amazon Mechanical Turk survey with 500 individuals
• Respondents based in the United States
• 55% male, 45% female
• Most respondents have some college or a Bachelor’s degree (72%)
• Most respondents are employed (62%) or self-employed (16%) but
some other groups as well (students, unemployed, homemaker)
12. New Friends 2016
Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 12 Robots in Different Social Contexts
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Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 13 Measurement (1/2)
Informational Privacy Concerns: Social (3 items)
Other users…
…engaging in identity theft through the robot
…hacking into the robot
…stalking me via the robot
Informational Privacy Concerns: Institutional (4 items)
The robot manufacturer…
…insufficiently protecting personal data
…tracking and analyzing personal data
…selling personal data to third parties
…sharing personal data with government agencies
14. New Friends 2016
Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 14 Measurement (2/2)
Physical Concerns (5 items)
The robot…
…damaging or dirtying personal belongings,
…asking me personal questions
…entering areas it shouldn’t access
…using items it shouldn’t use
Social Bonding Concerns (4 items)
I become too emotionally attached to the robot.
I develop too intimate feelings towards the robot.
I develop an unhealthy friendship with the robot.
I become dependent on the robot.
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Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 16
Informational Privacy Concerns: Social
(Other Users)
3.04 3.53 2.93
Identity Theft Hacking Stalking
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Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 17
Informational Privacy Concerns: Institutional
(Manufacturer)
3.70 3.71 3.74 3.72
Insufficient Data
Protection
Tracking and
Analyzing Data
Selling Data Sharing Data with
Government
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Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 18 Physical Privacy Concerns: Robot (1/2)
2.56 1.90 2.14
Damaging or Dirtying
Personal Belongings
Asking Personal
Questions
Snooping through
Personal Belongings
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Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 19 Physical Privacy Concerns: Robot (2/2)
2.40 2.08
Entering Areas It
Shouldn‘t Access
Using Items It
Shouldn‘t Use
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Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 20 Bonding Privacy Concerns: Robot - User
1.71
Emotional Attachment
1.36 1.52 2.32
Intimate Feelings Unhealthy
Friendship
Dependence
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Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 21 Summary and Further Findings
Type of Concern Average Value (1-5)
Informational Privacy Concerns:
Social (Other users)
3.17
Informational Privacy Concerns:
Institutional (Manufacturer)
3.72
Physical Privacy Concerns 2.25
Bonding Privacy Concerns 1.73
• High correlations between informational privacy concerns: social
and informational privacy concerns: institutional
• Moderate correlations (0.3) between informational privacy
concerns: institutional and physical privacy concerns
• Low correlations between bonding privacy concerns and other
concerns
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Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 22 Summary and Further Findings
• Privacy concerns correlate (weakly but) significantly with users‘ general
attitude towards robots. In particular, access concerns have a negative effect.
• Access concerns reduce users‘ trust in robots – and/or trust reduces users‘
access concerns.
• Interestingly, bonding concerns increase users‘ trust in robots – and/or trust
reduces users‘ bonding concerns.
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Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 24 Implications
• Privacy concerns about robots are pronounced among respondents
• Necessity to distinguish different types of privacy concerns
• Informational privacy concerns: institutional most pronounced
⇒ Robots manufacturers should think about data protection!
⇒ Depiction of robots and AI in popular culture covers aspects most users
don’t worry about (bonding).
⇒ Users might underestimate robots’ bonding potential.
25. New Friends 2016
Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 25 Outlook
• More (empirical) resarch to be done on robots and privacy
• Next step for us: bringing pieces together into a testable model
26. New Friends 2016
Privacy and Social Robots
Tamò & Lutz
Page 26
Thank You For Sharing
Your Thoughts
Norwegian Business School (BI)
Center for Internet & Society
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