PDF of Second lecture, The Gilded Age.

1. A visit to
America
Early Beginnings
& The Gilded
Age
Introduction to American Art and Visual Culture – Lecture 2

2. Background
“Discovered”
by Europeans
In 1492

3. Background
?
What was happening in Poland’s history in the 1400s?

4. New Hampshire Wilderness

5. •Massachusetts Bay Colony
Background
1629

7. What does American
Colonial art look like?

8. The development
of America.

9. Plymouth, Massachusetts (1620)

10. Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia (1722)

11. Sandwich, New Hampshire (Georgian Architecture 1690-1830)

12. State House, Boston (1795-97)

13. State House, Boston (1795-97)

14. Ways to think of “history”….

15. Documentary of Revisionist
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/weshallremain/the_films/episode_1_trailer History of Native Americans

16. Background
When did formal art
studies begin?

17. The first American fine art academy was founded in Philadelphia. It has
been in operation since 1805.

19. Charles Willson Peale
(1822)
Self Portrait

20. http://www.butlerart.com/
The Butler Museum of Art
is the first museum in American
dedicated to American art (1919).
Youngstown, Ohio

21. Timeline of Art History (Metropolitan Museum Collection)
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/atr.htm

22. Abigail Willing
ca. 1795
Walter Robertson
(Irish, ca. 1750–1802)

23. Catherina Elmendorf
1752
American
Oil on canvas

24. Armchair, 1640–1700
American; Essex
County, Massachusetts
Oak

25. Biblical sampler, 1768
Sarah Lawrence
(American, b. 1758)
New York City

26. Collect Pond, New
York City,
1798
Attributed to
Archibald Robertson
(American, 1765–
1835)Watercolor and
black chalk on off-
white laid paper

27. Dress
ca. 1799–1800
American
Linen, cotton

28. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4652182
Story of Gilbert Stuart, Portraitist of George Washington
http://www.artnews.com/issues/article.asp?art_id=2760

29. An Overview
America
The Gilded
Age: 1877-1900
Introduction to American Art and Visual Culture – Lecture 2

30. Gold Gilding

32. The Gilded Age 1877-1900
Named after a novel by Mark Twain and
Charles Dudley Warner

33. The Gilded Age 1877-1900
An age of heavy industry

34. American manufacturing surpassed
Great Britain, Germany, and France
combined.

35. The railroad mileage tripled
between 1860-80.
And tripled again by 1920.

36. The railroad mileage tripled
between 1860-80.
And tripled again by 1920.

37. The Gilded Age 1877-1900
Post-Civil War
Matthew Brady, Photographer

38. The Gilded Age 1877-1900
Machines replaced human labor.
Manufacturers were
always looking for a
cheaper way to make
a product.

39. The Gilded Age 1877-1900
Labor unions, such as the AFL
(American Federation of Labor) were formed.

40. The Gilded Age 1877-1900
The very rich were called “robber barons”.

41. Read more about the mansions
http://www.newportmansions.org/page7016.cfm

42. The Gilded Age 1877-1900
It was also the age of “philanthropy”.
Andrew Carnegie called it the "Gospel of Wealth”
that endowed thousands of colleges, hospitals,
museums, academies, schools, opera houses,
public libraries, symphony orchestras, and charities.
Mellon, Carnegie, Vanderbilt
Morgan, Flagler, Rockefeller

43. Art Forms in the
The Gilded Age

44. 1853
Chicago World’s
Columbian Exposition
1893

45. Dress
ca. 1799–1800
American
Linen, cotton

46. 1893

47. ADMINISTRATION
BUILDING AND
COLUMBIAN FOUNTAIN
Hugh Ditzler
for "Art and Architecture"

48. THE GOLDEN
DOORWAY
Felicien De Myrbach
for "Art and
Architecture."

49. CENTRAL PAVILION,
HORTICULTURAL HALL
L. Marold
for "Art and
Architecture”
Chromo-Typogravure

50. The Gilded Age 1877-1900
Beaux-Arts was the predominant architectural style.

51. Across the Room,
ca. 1899
Edmund Charles
Tarbell
(American, 1862–1938)
Oil on canvas

52. Paulding Farnham
(American, 1859–
1927), designer;
Tiffany & Company
(American, 1837–
present),
manufacturer and
retailer
Gold, amethysts,
quartzes, spessartites,
tourmalines,
freshwater pearls,
enamel

53. Louis Comfort Tiffany
(American, 1848–
1933);
Tiffany Glass and
Decorating Company
(Stourbridge Glass
Company)
Enamel on copper

55. Armchair,
1868–70
Attributed to John
Jelliff
(American, 1813–1893;
firm active Newark,
New Jersey, 1836–90)
Rosewood, ash,
mother-of-pearl

56. Victorian Interior

57. Victorian Interior

58. Jacob August Riis
(American, born
Denmark, 1849–1914),
Street Arabs—Night
Boys in Sleeping
Quarters (Newsboys),
ca. 1880s, printed
1947, gelatin silver
print

59. ca.1870

61. Focus on Fine Arts

62. "I am a most earnest well-wisher of the art students of America.
The older I grow the more and more I am convinced that a thorough and
adequate training can be found here as abroad, that the work by students
here is equal to that produced by those in Europe.” - Augustus Saint-Gaudens

63. Sculpture in
The Gilded Age

64. American Wing at the Metropolitan Museum, New York

65. Painting in
The Gilded Age

66. Baby with Rattle and Dog, 1842
Mrs. Moses B. Russell
(American, 1809–1854)
Watercolor and gouache on ivory

67. Currier and Ives Lithographs Spread imagery because of the low cost of production.

68. The Beeches, 1845
Asher B. Durand
(American, 1796–1886)
Oil on canvas

69. The Artist's Wife and His Setter Dog,
ca. 1884–89 Thomas Eakins
(American, 1844–1916)
Oil on canvas

70. The Champion Single Sculls (Max Schmitt in a Single Scull), 1871
Thomas Eakins (American, 1844–1916)
Oil on canvas

71. Diagram of the Colors Used to Paint the Portrait of Queen Victoria, ca. 1838
Thomas Sully (American, 1783–1872)Brown ink and oil on paper
While in London, Sully painted a half-length portrait of the queen for the engravers Hodgson and
Greaves (now in the Wallace Collection, London). They made mezzotints for sale from the image.
Sully made this record of his palette, so as to use the same pigments for the full-length picture he
would paint once back home in Philadelphia.

73. Arrangement in Flesh Colour and Black:
Portrait of Théodore Duret, 1883
James Abbott McNeill Whistler (American, 1834–1903)
Oil on canvas

74. Madame X (Madame Pierre Gautreau), 1883–84
John Singer Sargent (American, 1856–1925)
Oil on canvas

75. The portrait of Madame X was imitated.
Here is Isabella Stewart Gardner.

76. The Arab Jeweler, ca. 1882
Charles Sprague Pearce
(American, 1851–1914)
Oil on canvas

77. Approaching Thunder Storm, 1859
Martin Johnson Heade (American, 1819–1904)
Oil on canvas

78. A Basket of Clams, 1873
Winslow Homer
(American, 1836–1910)
Watercolor on wove paper

79. Snap the Whip, 1872
Winslow Homer
(American, 1836–1910) Oil

80. Prisoners from the Front, 1866
Winslow Homer
(American, 1836–1910) Oil

81. Prisoners from the Front, 1866
Winslow Homer
(American, 1836–1910) Oil

82. Celia Thaxter's Garden, Isles of Shoals, Maine, 1890
Childe Hassam
(American, 1859–1935)
Oil on canvas

83. Celia Thaxter's Garden, Isles of Shoals, Maine, 1890
Childe Hassam
(American, 1859–1935)
Oil on canvas

85. Arques-la-Bataille, 1885
John Henry Twachtman (American, 1853–1902) Oil on canvas

86. James Abbott McNeill Whistler
Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling
Rocket (1875)

88. James Abbott McNeill Whistler
Nocturne in Blue and Gold: the
Battersea Bridge (1872)

89. James Abbott McNeill Whistler
Harmony in the Music Room (1861)

90. James Abbott McNeill Whistler
Arrangement in Black and Grey (1872)

92. Photography in
The Gilded Age

93. 21st Michigan Infantry: Sherman's
Volunteers, 1860s
Mathew B. Brady (American, 1823–
1896)Albumen silver

94. Samuel Shoop, 1865
Reed Brockway
Bontecou
(American, 1824–1907)
Albumen silver print
from glass negative

95. Andersonville Still Life,
1866
Mathew B. Brady
(American, 1823–1896)
Albumen silver print
from glass negative

96. [Amateur Snapshot
Album],
1890–92
Unknown Artist,
American School
286 cyanotypes and
gelatin silver prints

97. Kodak One

98. Blessed Art Thou
among Women,
1899
Gertrude Käsebier
(American, 1852–1934)
Platinum print

99. Blessed Art Thou
among Women,
1899
Gertrude Käsebier
(American, 1852–1934)
Platinum print

100. [Female Nude], ca. 1883
Thomas Eakins (American, 1844–1916)
Platinum print

101. Eclipse of the Sun, May 26, 1854
William Langenheim (American, 1807–1874); Frederick Langenheim (American, 1809–1879)
Daguerreotype

102. [Boston from a
Hot-Air Balloon],
October 13, 1860J
James Wallace
Black
(American, 1825–
1896)
Albumen silver
print from glass
negative

103. Black Canyon, From Camp 8, Looking Above, 1871
Timothy O'Sullivan (American, 1840–1882)
Albumen silver print from glass negative

104. Devil's Canyon, Geysers, Looking Down, 1868–70
Carleton E. Watkins (American, 1829–1916)
Albumen silver print from glass negative

105. The Terminal, 1892
Alfred Stieglitz (American, 1864–1946)
Photogravure

106. Broadway on a Rainy Day, 1859
Edward Anthony (American, 1818–1888); Henry T. Anthony (American, 1814–1884)
Albumen silver prints from glass negatives

107. Chatham Square, New York, 1853–54
Unknown Artist, American School
Daguerreotype

108. [Blind Man and His
Reader], 1840s
Unknown Artist,
American School
Daguerreotype

109. Frederick Douglass,
ca. 1855
Unknown Artist,
American School
Daguerreotype

110. President Martin Van
Buren,
1855–58
Mathew B. Brady
(American, 1823–
1896)Salted paper
print from glass
negative

111. Pre-Cinema in
The Gilded Age

112. Stereoscope
http://users.telenet.be/thomasweynants/stereo-images.html

115. Dress
ca. 1799–1800
American
Linen, cotton
Kinetoscope Parlor, circa 1895

116. Thaumatrope
“Turning Wonder”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-UVbL-sDGFA

117. Phenakistiscope

118. Visual Illusion
http://www.michaelbach.de/ot/