This document discusses water rights and water markets in Montana. It notes that water rights need to be clearly defined but are complex due to interdependencies between surface and groundwater. Water markets in Montana are working to some degree, with over 25,000 acre-feet of water brokered and various water rights transfers approved. However, barriers still exist like regulatory uncertainty and costly transfer processes. The document advocates for improved transparency, information sharing, and market expertise to further develop water markets in Montana.