3. It is the second largest continent.
Africa has huge rivers which are:
The Nile River
The Zaire
The Zambezi
The Niger Rivers

4. North – Sahara
East – Indian Ocean
West – Atlantic Ocean
South – South Africa

7. Rainforest
Located along the equator where the
heaviest rainfall occurs.
About 8% of Africa is covered by Africa.
The ample moisture of the area supports
plant growth including dense forests.

9. Savanna
Stretches across Africa on north and south
of the rainforests.
Savanna or grassland dotted with trees
about half of the continent.
Rainfall can be unreliable in the savanna
climate zone.

11. Desert
Covers 40% of Africa.
Grasses and shrubs hardly grow in many
African deserts.
On the north in the giant Sahara Desert.

13. Mediterranean
Lies at the northern and southern ups of
Africa.

23.  Converted himself
and his people to
Christianity.

28. The kingdom of Ghana developed in West
Africa at 400 BCE.
Ghana was an empire based on trade and
agriculture.
Had a central government.

30. The people in Ghana was able to
trade with others using gold dust.

36. Timbuktu
Gold from the south, salt from
the north.

37. However, Timbuktu
then was taken over
by the Tuaregs.
Fellow Muslims
described Sonni Ali
as a tyrant.
Timbuktu was
attacked and
captured by Sonni
Ali in 1468.

38. Djenne
 This wealthy city became next the target of
Sonni Ali.
 Songhai dominated the trans-Saharan trading
routes.

39. Askia
Mohammad
 Improved system of
government.
 Strengthened Islam.
 Encouraged Islamic
scholarships.