this is a document related to the bone disease/disorder-Osteoporosis

1. Osteoporosis
Disease- A condition of the living animal or plant body or of one of its parts that impairs
normal functioning and is typically manifested by distinguishing signs and symptoms.
A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that
produces specific symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct
result of physical injury.
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
NON COMMUNICABLE
DISEASES
CONTAGEOUS DISEASE
NON CONTAGEOUS DISEASE
SPREADS FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER
GENERALLY INVOLVES THE LOWER
SAOCIOECONOMIC GROUP
DOESNOT SPREAD FROM ONE PERSON TO THE
OTHER
INVOLVES GENERALLY AFFLUENT CLASS
VEHICLES OF TRANSMISSION AND THE VECTORS
PLAY A MAJOR ROLE IN THE
SPREAD OF DISEASE.
TREATMENT OF THE ETIOLOGICAL AGENT IS THE
REMEDY.
ACUTE DISEASES REQUIRING ACTIVE MEDICAL
CARE.
TREATED CONSERVATIVELY
DIETARY HABITS, ENVIRONMENT AND LIFESTYLE
PLAY A ROLE IN THE CAUSATION OF THESE
DISEASES.
CHANGING THE DIETARY HABITS, LIFESTYLE AND
TRHE ENVIRONMENT IS THE PERMANENT REMEDY.
CHRONIC DISEASES NEED LONG LASTING CHRONIC
TREATMENT.
TREATED CONSERVATIVELY AND SURGICALLY.
Osteoporosis-A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one
that produces specific symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct
result of physical injury.
Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease that is characterized by a decrease in bone mass
and density which can lead to an increased risk of fracture.
Preventive measures-The risk of osteoporosis fractures can be reduced with lifestyle
changes and in those with previous osteoporosis related fractures medications. Lifestyle
change includes diet, exercise, and preventing falls. The utility of calcium and vitamin D is
questionable in most. Bisphosphonates are useful in those with previous fractures from
osteoporosis but are of minimal benefit in those who have osteoporosis but no previous
fractures. Osteoporosis is a component of the frailty syndrome.
Because of the absence of outward osteoporosis signs before it reaches the advanced
stages, it’s especially important to take steps in the prevention of osteoporosis. Although

2. the strength of your bones depends mostly on hereditary factors and age, osteoporosis
prevention can be achieved through a healthy diet and lifestyle, and regular exercise
regime. In addition, bone density scans can help alert your doctor to the first signs of the
disease.
Getting enough calcium and vitamin D - Many doctors routinely recommend extra calcium;
500 milligrams to 1,000 milligrams daily in the form of calcium carbonate, as in Tums, and in
many other inexpensive forms. You may need even more if your diet is particularly low in
calcium or if you are breastfeeding. You may also need to take a daily multivitamin that
contains vitamin D
Long term effectsThe long term effects of osteoporosis vary between patients, but the most common effect is
a bone fracture after even a relatively minor accident. Further complications can arise from
the healing process, as well as from the loss of mobility that often occurs after a spine or hip
fracture.
Fractures
Depending on where in the body the fracture occurs, the severity of fractures varies:
•Wrist fractures: These are likely to be less severe since they only affect the way the arm
moves, and not the entire body. Once a fracture has occurred after a minor fall, the patient
is at a greater risk of further fractures later on.4
•Hip fractures: These usually require surgery and if the hip fracture is serious it may result in
the loss of mobility and independent living, temporarily or in the long term.4
•Vertebral or spinal fractures: Spinal fractures can result in serious consequences, such as
deformity in the spine’s curvature, height loss, back pain and mobility loss.
Spinal Curvature
Even if a fracture does not occur, the spinal bones (vertebrae) may become weak and crush
together. As this happens the spine curves, which can result in back pain, height loss, and
difficulty breathing since there is less space under the ribs.
Loss of mobility
Although bones heal in around two months, recovering from a fracture may require help
from a physiotherapist in order to help regain mobility. A physiotherapist will typically
provide exercises for osteoporosis patients that focus on rebuilding bone strength.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1299105/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoporosis

3. http://wwwdiseasesdocgeekay.blogspot.in/
http://www.servier.co.uk/disease-information/osteoporosis/long-term-effects-ofosteoporosis.asp