1. http://www.biologyjunction.com/CellPartsStudyGuide.pdf
QUESTIONS
:
1.
Write the name of the cell part in the box next to its description/function.
Cell membrane
Centrioles
Chloroplast
Chromatin
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum, rough
Endoplasmic reticulum, smooth
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Nuclear envelope
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Peroxisome
Ribosomes, bound
Ribosomes, free
Vacuole
Vesicle, secretory
Vesicle, transport

2. Cell Part Description/Function
Forms the boundary of the cell; acts
as a selective barrier allowing certain
materials to pass but not others
Cell Membrane
Contains most of the genes that
control the eukaryotic cell; generally
the most conspicuous organelle in a
eukaryotic cell; contains the
nucleolus and chromatin
Nucleus
The entire region between the
nucleus and the cell membrane;
consists of the cytosol
Cytoplasm
Where the components of the
ribosomes are synthesized and
assembled; found in the nucleus
Nucleolus
Consists of DNA and protein;
condenses to form chromosomes
Chromatin
Double membrane that forms the
boundary between the nuclear
contents and the cytoplasm;
perforated with pores
Nuclear Envelope
Site of protein synthesis; suspended
in the cytosol; produces proteins for
use within the cell
Free Ribosomes
Site of protein synthesis; attached to
the outside surface of the
endoplasmic reticulum; produces
proteins for use outside the cell or for
use in the cell membrane.
Bound Ribosomes
Synthesizes lipids including
phospholipids and steroids;
metabolizes carbohydrates;
detoxifies drugs and poisons; stores
calcium ions; lacks attached
ribosomes
Smooth ER
Consists of flattened me
mbranous sacs; receives
transport vesicles from the ER;
modifies ER products; produces
certain molecules; produces
lysosomes and secretory vesicles
Golgi Apparatus

3. Channels proteins to transport
vesicles; attaches carbohydrate to
some proteins; involved in
membrane production through the
production of vesicles; has attached
ribosomes
Rough ER
Carries ER products to the Golgi Transport Vesicles
Carries Golgi modified products to
the cell
membrane; fuses with the cell
membrane releasing
the contents to outside the cell
Secretory Vesicles
Membrane found sac of hydrolytic
enzymes; enzymes are used to
digest food, other molecules, and
old, worn out cell parts
Lysosome
Membrane bound sacs; larger than
vesicles; stores materials
Vacuole
Site of cellular respiration; produces
ATP from sugars, fats, and other
fuels
Mitochondria
Site of photosynthesis; produce food
using light energy, CO2 and H2O
Chloroplast
Contains enzymes that transfer H
from substrates to oxygen producing
H2O2; detoxifies alcohol; contains
enzymes (e.g. catalase) that
converts H2O2 to H2O and O2
Peroxisome
Paired structures found in animal
cells; consist of microtubules in a
9+0 arrangement; involved in cell
division
Centrioles

4. 2. Part Description/Function
Indicate if each of the following is true of chromosomes or chromatin. Use
the key below to indicate your answers.
A. Chromosomes B. Chromatin
____A,B__ Consist of DNA and proteins ____A__ Condensed
___A___ Tightly coiled ____B__ Visible when stained
___B___ Dispersed ___B___ Decondensed
___B___ Uncoiled
3. Determine if each of the following is true of
Free or Bound ribosomes.
____F__ Produce proteins for use within the cell
____B__ Produce proteins for export
___B___ Attached to rough ER
____F__ Suspended in the cytosol
___F,B___ Consist of 2 subunits
__F,B____ Composed of rRNA and Proteins
4. How does the function of the central vacuole in plant cells differ from the
function of vacuoles in animal cells?
_In plants there is one large vacuole, pigments, and has organic and inorganic
compounds. In animals there are many small vacuoles._________
How are the functions similar?
__Both aid in food storage and hydrolysis ______________
5. Determine if the each of the following is true of microtubules,
microfilaments, or intermediate filaments. Use the key below to indicate your
answers.
MT = Microtubules
MF = Microfilaments
IF = Intermediate filaments
__MT ____ Straight, hollow tubes
___MT___ Made of tubulin
___MT___ Involved in cell transport

5. ___MT___ Provides tracts for organelle movement
_MT_____ Make up spindle fibers, centrioles, cilia, and flagella
__IF,MF____ Solid rods
__MF____ Made of actin
___MF___ Involved in muscle contraction and localized cell contractions
_MF_____ Form 3-D support network just inside the cell membrane
__MF____ Form contractile ring that pinches dividing animal cell in two
____MF__ Produces cytoplasmic streaming
__IF____ Intermediate in diameter
____IF__ Composition varies
__IF____ More permanent
____IF__ Reinforces cell shape and may fix organelle position
6. Match the cell part with the correct
letter from the diagram below.
___F___ Cell membrane
___L___ Centrioles
____D__ Chromatin
_____A_ Cytoplasm
___J___ Golgi
____K__ Lysosome
_B_____ Mitochondria
__H____ Nuclear envelope
___E___ Nucleolus
____G__ Ribosomes
___I___ Rough ER
____C__ Smooth ER
7. Is the cell pictured in number 6 above
an animal or plant cell? __animal_________
How do you know? There is no cell wall__________
8. Match the function with the correct cell part from the diagram below.

6. Letter Description/Function
G Carries Golgi modified products to the cell membrane; fuses with
the cell
membrane releasing the contents to outside the cell
L Consists of DNA and protein; condenses to form chromosomes
J Site of protein synthesis; suspended in the cytosol;
produces proteins for use within the cell
I Membrane bound sac of hydrolytic enzymes; enzymes are used
to digest
food, other molecules, and old, worn out cell parts
K Contains most of the genes that control the eukaryotic cell;
generally the most conspicuous organelle in a eukaryotic cell;
contains the nucleolus and chromatin
F Site of cellular respiration; produces ATP from sugars, fats, and
other
fuels
M Where the components of the ribosomes are synthesized and
assembled;
found in the nucleus
B Paired structures found in animal cells; consist of microtubules in
a 9+0 arrangement; involved in cell division

7. Letter Description/Function
E Site of protein synthesis; attached to the outside surface of the
endoplasmic reticulum; produces proteins for use outside the cell
or for use in the cell membrane.
C Synthesizes lipids including phospholipids and steroids;
metabolizes carbohydrates; detoxifies drugs and poisons; stores
calcium ions; lacks attached ribosomes
A The entire region between the nucleus and the cell membrane;
consists of the cytosol
D Channels proteins to transport vesicles; attaches carbohydrate to
some proteins; involved in membrane production through the
production of vesicles; has attached ribosomes
N Forms the boundary of the cell; acts as a selective barrier allowing
certain materials to pass but not others
H
Consists of flattened membranous sacs; receives transport
vesicles from the ER; modifies ER products; produces certain
molecules; produces lysosomes and secretory vesicles
9. Match the structure with the correct letter from the diagram below.
___B___ Bound ribosomes

8. H______ Cell membrane
_I_____ Cell wall
__G____ Central vacuole
___F___ Chloroplast
____J__ Cytoplasm
_____E_ Golgi
D______ Mitochondria
_C_____ Nuclear envelope
__M____ Nuclear Pore
____K__ Nucleolus
__A____ Rough ER
___L___ Smooth ER
10. Is the cell pictured in number 9 above an animal or plant cell?_Plant ____
How do you know?__There is a cell wall._
11. Match the function with the correct letter from the diagram below.
Letter Description/Function
B Consists of DNA and protein; condenses to form chromosomes
J Site of protein synthesis; suspended in the cytosol; produces
proteins for use within the cell
I Contains most of the genes that control the eukaryotic cell; D

9. Dgenerally the most conspicuous organelle in a eukaryotic cell;
contains the nucleolus and chromatin
G Site of cellular respiration; produces ATP from sugars, fats, and
other fuels
C Where the components of the ribosomes are synthesized and
assembled; found in the nucleus
L Synthesizes lipids including phospholipids and steroids;
metabolizes carbohydrates; detoxifies drugs and poisons; stores
calcium ions; lacks attached ribosomes
Letter Description/Function
L Protective layer external to the cell membrane; consists of
cellulose
J Site of photosynthesis; produce food using light energy, CO2
and H2O
F The entire region between the nucleus and the cell membrane;
consists of the cytosol
E Channels proteins to transport vesicles; attaches carbohydrate to
some proteins; involved in membrane production through the
production of vesicles; has attached ribosomes
A Contains hydrolytic enzymes; sequesters dangerous by-products;
contains soluble pigments; stores water; involved in cell growth
K Consists of flattened membranous sacs; receives transport
vesicles from the ER; modifies ER products; produces certain
molecules; produces lysosomes and secretory vesicles
13. The diagram in #12 shows the relationship among the majority of the
components on the endomembrane system. Use the diagram and your notes

10. to complete the following chart.
Transition
Vesicle
Secretory
Vesicle
Lysosome
Origin
ER Golgi Apparatus Golgi Apparatus
Contents
Molecules used
within the cell
Waste Digestive
enzymes
Destination
Golgi or inside
the cell
Outside the cell Food vacuole
14. Match each of the events listed below with the correct
Number from the diagram in #12.
__6____ Proteins routed by ER; proteins may be modified
__5____ Formation of transition vesicle
___3___ Lysosome fuses with vacuole
____7__ Transition vesicle carries contents to the Golgi
_4_____ Secretory vesicle produced
__8____ Golgi modifies proteins
___1___ Amino acids imported into the cell; bound ribosomes use the amino
acids to produce proteins
___2___ Lysosome produced; lysosome contains hydrolytic enzyme
____9__ Secretory vesicle contents released to the outside

11. 15. Determine if each of the characteristics listed below are true of
Cilia or Flagella.
__C,F____ 9+2 arrangement of ____C__ Many per cell
microtubules
_C,F_____ Involved in movement ____F__ One or two per cell
__C____ Shorter ___C___ Produce an oar-like
motion
___F___ Longer ___F___ Produce a snake-like
motion
16. What is the extracellular matrix?
_Animal tissues are embedded here and it is made up of carbohydrates and
protein._____________________
17. Determine if each of the following characteristics or examples are true of
Plasmodesmata, Tight junctions, Desmosomes, or Gap junctions.
__P____ Found in plant cells
T,D,G_ Found in animal cells
_____G_ Form channels between cells
P______ Allow free passage of water and small solutes between cells
_G_____ Found in embryos, cardiac muscle tissue, and endocrine glands

12. __T____ Hold cells tightly together
___T___ Block intercellular transport of materials
____T__ Found in epithelial layers that separate two kinds of solutions
_____T_ Found in the lining of the digestive tract and the blood-brain barrier
_D_____ Rivet cells together
D_____ Well developed in cells subjected to considerable mechanical force
_T_____ Found in skin cells
__G____ Permit intercellular transport
___T___ Glycoprotein (intermediate) filaments penetrate and bind plasma
membranes of two adjacent cells