2. SKI INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION

3. Ski International Federation (FIS): Rules for the conduct of skiers and snowboarders
1. Respect for others: A skier or snowboarder must behave in such a way that he does not endanger or
prejudice others
2. Control the speed and behavior: A skier or snowboarder must move in control. He must adapt his
speed and manner of skiing or snowboarding to his personal ability and to the prevailing conditions of
terrain, snow and weather as well as to the density of traffic
3. Choice of route: A skier or snowboarder coming from behind must choose his route in such a way
that he does not endanger skiers or snowboarders ahead.
4. Overtaking: A skier or snowboarder may overtake another skier or snowboarder above or below and
to the right or to the left provided that he leaves enough space for the overtaken skier or snowboarder
to make any voluntary or involuntary movement.
5. Entering, starting and moving upwards: A skier or snowboarder entering a marked run, starting
again after stopping or moving upwards on the slopes must look up and down the slopes that he can do
so without endangering himself or others.
6. Stopping on the slope: Unless absolutely necessary, a skier or snowboarder must avoid stopping on
the slope in narrow places or where visibility is restricted. After a fall in such a place, a skier or
snowboarder must move clear of the slope as soon as possible.
7. Climbing and descending on foot: A skier or snowboarder either climbing or descending on foot
must keep to the side of the slope.
8. Respect for signs and markings: A skier or snowboarder must respect all signs and markings.
9. Assistance: At accidents, every skier or snowboarder is duty bound to assist.
10. Identification: Every skier or snowboarder and witness, whether a responsible party or not, must
exchange names and addresses following an accident.

4. 1. Respect for others: A skier or snowboarder must
behave in such a way that he does not endanger or
prejudice others

5. 2. Control the speed and behavior: A skier or
snowboarder must move in control. He must adapt his
speed and manner of skiing or snowboarding to his
personal ability and to the prevailing conditions of
terrain, snow and weather as well as to the density of
traffic

6. 3. Choice of route: A skier or snowboarder coming
from behind must choose his route in such a way
that he does not endanger skiers or snowboarders
ahead.

7. 4. Overtaking: A skier or snowboarder may overtake
another skier or snowboarder above or below and to the
right or to the left provided that he leaves enough space
for the overtaken skier or snowboarder to make any
voluntary or involuntary movement.

8. 5. Entering, starting and moving upwards: A skier or
snowboarder entering a marked run, starting again after
stopping or moving upwards on the slopes must look up
and down the slopes that he can do so without endangering
himself or others.

9. 6. Stopping on the slope: Unless absolutely necessary, a
skier or snowboarder must avoid stopping on the slope in
narrow places or where visibility is restricted. After a fall in
such a place, a skier or snowboarder must move clear of
the slope as soon as possible.

10. 7. Climbing and descending on foot: A skier or
snowboarder either climbing or descending on foot must
keep to the side of the slope.

11. 8. Respect for signs and markings: A skier or
snowboarder must respect all signs and
markings.

12. 9. Assistance: At accidents, every skier or
snowboarder is duty bound to assist.

13. 10. Identification: Every skier or snowboarder and
witness, whether a responsible party or not, must
exchange names and addresses following an
accident.

15. YOU CHOOSE THE SLOPE
•Green: Very easy. The beginners who attend a
week course are usually able to descend the green
slopes at the end of the course.
•Blue: Easy. Intermediate level. Skiers who practice
parallel skiing
•Red: Difficult. Experienced skiers an snowboarders
•Black: Very difficult. Expert skiers

17. SKI CHAIRLIFT: A mechanized, cable-
suspended, aerial chair device used to carry skiers
snowboards and others up a mountain slope.

18. PLATTER LIFT: A platter lift, is a mechanised system for
pulling skiers uphill. The lift have an aerial steel cable loop
running over a series of wheels, powered by an engine at
the upper end. Hanging from the rope overhead are
equally-spaced vertical cables attached to a plastic button
or platter that is placed between the skiers legs and pulls
the skier uphill.

19. SKI TOW: The Ski tow, also known as a rope tow or handle
tow, is a mechanised system for pulling skiers and
snowboarders uphill. In its most basic form, it consists of a
long rope loop running through a pulley at the bottom and
one at the top, powered by an engine at one end.

20. SKI MAGIC CARPET: The Magic Carpet Ski Lift is a new
conveyor lift product which provides a high capacity
surface lift with a friendly design of virtually any length
and for any rider. A magic carpet resembles a conveyor
belt in which skiers board at the bottom with skis facing
forwards, and are pulled uphill by the moving belt.
Keeping snow off of the belt can be a problem.

22. Having proper clothing will ensure that your day on the
slopes is that little bit more comfortable and will allow
you to concentrate on enjoying the experience. So starting
from the top down, let’s see what you should remember
when heading to the snow capped mountains.

23. Hat / Helmet : You loose a lot of heat through your head, so having
something to cover it is a must. Remember to pick something that
will cover your ears, they tend to get cold too ! A helmet is something
that is recommended for small children and for those of you who
want to hit those off slope runs.
Sun Glasses / Goggles : As the day goes on you will notice that your eyes will start
to get effected by the glare. A pair of sunglasses will make sure that your eyes
won’t be strained. Goggles can give you that little bit more protection from the
elements, and in the low light of the afternoon skiing you will be able to see the
bumps on the slope that little bit easier.

24. Thermal top : Dressing for skiing is all about layer. Layering your clothes allows you to
easily adjust how much you are wearing and to insure that you will always be the right
temperature. When you are a beginner, and starting to learn how to ski, you will
probably need less layers, because you will putting in more effort to stay on your feet
and to get where you want to.
Thermal underwear: These are a something that you should bring with you. Most
pants are not lined and you will need something to keep your legs warm.

25. Jacket: This needs to be waterproof
and wind proof. If it has a snow skirt (a
band that stops the snow going up into
your jacket) it is a definite plus.
Gloves: Good gloves are
recommended. Gloves that are not
water proof are simply not worth
bringing with you. Temperatures on the
mountain can reach -10°C once the
wind starts blowing, and having gloves
that will protect you will be more than
welcomed. Skiing down off the
mountain with cold & wet hands isn’t a
lot of fun.
Pants: Again these need to be
waterproof and windproof. Special
skiing pants are wide enough at the
bottom to go over your boots,

26. Socks: Make sure you have some big comfortable socks or a pair special ski socks.
These socks have extra padding around the toes to keep you warm and around the
ankles to pad them from your ski boots. Proper socks is something that will really
make your day on the slope a lot more comfortable.
Boots: Most important in buying or renting ski boots is that they are the right size.
Boots should have a ‘snug’ fit, and have the possibility to be tightened. If you find
that you are already tight in the boots, then you need to get the next size up. Try to
stand on your toes and on your heals, if you find that there is some movement, then
you try and tighten the boots a little more. Ski boots really need to be an extension
of your feet, so do spend the time to find the right pair

27. Determining Ski Size
The right size skis are essential for mastering the sport. Skiing on skis
that are not the correct length can not only be dangerous but can
prevent you from enjoying the sport to the fullest extent. There are
several factors used to determine ski length such as:
Height Weight
Age Gender Ability level
A general rule when choosing ski length is to choose a ski that is at
least as tall as your chin and no taller than the top of your head.

28. Determining Ski Pole Size
There are certain methods to getting the right ski pole.
The skiers elbow should form a right angle. If the
skier's elbow is in a smaller angle the pole is too
long, and if the skiers elbow is at an angle larger than
90 degrees, the pole is too short.