1. The document discusses trends in research collections in the networked environment and directions for collections. 2. Key trends include collections as a service across a spectrum from owned to borrowed, workflow becoming the new content as researchers organize around different systems and services, and a shift from curation to creation as libraries take on new roles in research lifecycles. 3. Collection directions involve right-scaling stewardship through shared print collections and partnerships for coordination, and positioning libraries as experts that support the full research process.

1. Constance Malpas, Research Scientist
Collection Directions:
Research collections in
the network environment
17 December 2014 - NFAIS Webinar

2. Boundaries shift
when transaction costs fall
(network efficiencies
reduce transaction costs)
… affecting locus (source) and
scale of collections management

3. Overview

4. 2 3
1
Collections
• The evolving scholarly record
• Attention and investment:
the collections grid
Trends
• Collections as a service
• Workflow is the new content
• From curation to creation
• Inside-out collections
Collection directions
Right-scaling
• Stewardship: shared print
• Partnership: coordination
capacity

5. The evolving
scholarly record

6. Framing the Scholarly Record …

8. Attention &
Investment

9. Low
Stewardship
In few
collections
In many
collections
Research & Learning
Materials
Open Web Resources ‘Published’ materials
Special Collections
Local Digitization
Licensed
Purchased
High
Stewardship

10. Journals
1. Licensed materials constitute largest share of
budget
2. Publishers looking to research workflow
(Elsevier: Mendeley, Pure)
3. National science/research policy mandates and
open access
4. Rapid decomposition – new content carriers
Monographs
1. Emergence of ‘E’ (platform)
2. Shift to demand driven acquisition
3. Digital corpora
4. Disciplinary differences

11. Special collections, archives
1. Maximize community engagement
2. Maximize network exposure, syndication
3. Streamline operations, processing
4. Network level aggregation – DPLA, Europeana, etc.
Research and learning materials
1. Evolving scholarly record – research data, OER etc.
2. Repository infrastructure – scalable?
3. Research information management
4. Support for digital scholarship, OA publishing

12. Collections as a
service

13. The ‘owned’
collection
The ‘facilitated’
collection
The ‘licensed’
collection
The ‘borrowed’
collection
• Pointing people at Google Scholar
• Including freely available e-books
in the catalog
• Creating resource guides for web
resources
• Purchased and
physically stored
A collections spectrum
The ‘demand-driven’
collection
The ‘shared print’
collection

14. Workflow
is the new content

15.  arXiv, SSRN, RePEc, PubMed Central (disciplinary
repositories that have become important discovery
hubs);
 Google Scholar, Google Books, Amazon (ubiquitous
discovery and fulfillment hubs);
 Mendeley, ResearchGate (services for social discovery
and scholarly reputation management);
 Goodreads, LibraryThing (social description/reading
sites);
 Wikipedia, Yahoo Answers, Khan Academy (hubs for
open research, reference, and teaching materials).
 GalaxyZoo, FigShare, OpenRefine (data storage and
manipulation tools)
 Github (software management)

16. Wouter Haak
Elsevier, VP Product Strategy
LIBER, Riga, 2014

17. http://www.nature.com/news/online-collaboration-scientists-and-the-social-network-1.15711

18. V&R Framework
(White and Le Cornu 2011)
Visitors and Residents resources: http://goo.gl/vxUMRD
• significant online presence and usage
• high level of collaborative activity online
• contributions to the online environment
• functional use of technology, linked to formal need
• less visible/more passive online presence
• favors face-to-face interactions

19. Reputation management

21. As a content provider,
we want to maximize
network visibility of
our research

22. 22

24. http://blog.impactstory.org/category/impact-challenge/

26. Workflow is the new content
• In a print world,
researchers and
learners organized their
workflow around the
library.
• The library had limited
interaction with the full
process.
• In a digital world, the
library needs to
organize itself around
the workflows of
research and learning.
• Workflows generate
and consume
information resources.

27. The inside out
collection

28. Low
Stewardship
High
Stewardship
In few
collections
In many
collections
OCLC Collections Grid
Research & Learning
Materials
Open Web ResourcesPurchased Materials
Licensed E-Resources
Special Collections
Local Digitization
Licensed
Purchased
Scarcity
Abundance

29. In few
collections
In many
collections
A
Licensed
Purchased
OCLC Collections Grid
Distinctive
Low
Stewardship
High
Stewardship
Commodity
Inside, out
Library as publisher
Maximize discoverability
Now
Outside, inLibrary as broker
Maximize efficiency
Then

30. From curation to
creation
Collection directions

31. University of Minnesota
ARL Institutional profile
2009
“In alignment with the
University's strategic
positioning, the
University Libraries
have re-conceived
goals, shifting from a
collection-centric focus
to one that is
engagement-based.”
http://umcf.umn.edu/awards/2006/images/margo_library_lg.jpg
http://www.libqual.org/documents/admin/Profiles_apndx_C.pdf

32. 32
Kurt de Belder
“Transformation of the
academic library”
http://www.oclc.org/content/dam/research/events/dss/ppt/dss_debelder.pptx

35. http://www.arl.org/storage/documents/publications/NRNT-Liaison-Roles-final.pdf
An engagement model in
which library liaisons and
functional specialists
collaborate to understand
and address the wide
range of processes in
instruction and scholarship
is replacing the traditional
tripartite model of
collections, reference, and
instruction.
New roles …
• research services
• digital humanities
• teaching and learning
• digital scholarship

36. Academic libraries are
positioning themselves
as centers of expertise
for a new kind of
knowledge work
Expert guidance and
support in managing
reputation, maximizing
research impact

37. The Publisher’s New Job
The publisher’s new job is to
support researchers at every
stage of the research cycle
-Annette Thomas, CEO
Macmillan
Which new ideas are
good?
1. Does it build
engagement with
researchers?
2. Does it leverage
that engagement?
Source: http://www.slideshare.net/phillbjones/emerging-needs-in-the-scholarly-publishing-space

38. http://www.digital-science.com/blog/guest/are-we-heading-for-a-librarian-vs-publisher-data-
publishing-space-race/
While there is a continuing trend towards open access,
a somewhat quieter revolution is building … that
threatens to have an even more fundamental effect on
the scholarly communication industry.

39. Right-scaling
Stewardship

40. Shared print- collective collection
Then: Value relates to depth and
breadth of local collection.
Now: Value relates to curation and
availability of system-wide resource;
right-scaling stewardship models
41
Shared data network
for decision support

41. Liberal arts college libraries
Research university libraries
significant duplication
in US academic collections

42. Source: C. Malpas. OCLC Research, 2011.

44. North American print book resource:
45.7 million distinct publications
889.5 million total library holdings

45. Mega-regions & Shared Print Initiatives
OCLC Research, 2013
Orbis-
Cascade
CIC
ASERL
SCELC
MSCS
WRLC
OCUL
GWLA
WEST
FLARE
We expect that within a decade the larger part of the North American
‘collective collection’ will have moved into shared management.
EAST

46. Mobilize Support
StewardSteward
Discover
Group scale

47. Research
Repository
Reputation
workflows
content
impact
support
manage
maximize
“a holistic view of … research
activity [for] better informed
decisions that drive the future
success of their research strategy,
associated activity and
programs”
Group scale…

48. new pathways for collaboration … that serve as
models for institutions of higher learning to accelerate
their national and global impact“ ”
http://www.pitt.edu/chancellor/library-collaboration

49. Multi-scalar strategy
50
M
Columbia
WEST
2CUL
ReCAP
HathiTrust
HathiTrust
HathiTrust
MARLI
HathiTrust
UC
UCL
A
RLF
PKP
CMU
simultaneous participation in cooperative
efforts operating a multiple scales
?
Pitt
CMU

50. http://www.oclc.org/research

51. Credits
52
The work presented here represents the joint efforts of several
colleagues at OCLC Research. Credit for the collections grid is due to
Lorcan Dempsey and Eric Childress. Brian Lavoie was the lead author of
our Evolving Scholarly Record framework. JD Shipengrover assisted with
visualizations for the Evolving Scholarly Record and Mega-regions
analyses.
Related projects and work products are associated with OCLC Research
on Understanding the System-wide Library and Research Collections
and Support.
Further information:
http://oclc.org/research/activities/usl.html
http://oclc.org/research/activities/arm.html