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The Presidency Michael P. Fix
Early Debates over Executive Power
How Much Power? vs.
How Much Power? John Locke From www.wikipedia.org Prerogative Powers An executive needs the power to do “several things of their own free choice, where the law is silent, and sometimes too, against the direct letter of the law, for the public good.”
Other Questions? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Presidential Powers under the Constitution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Formal Requirements Article II, Section 1
Presidential Powers under the Constitution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Term Limits
Presidential Term Limits ,[object Object],[object Object],From http://04697.06sc.thinkquest.nl/afbeeldingen/politiek.jpg
Presidential Term Limits ,[object Object],From www.hudsonlibrary.org
Presidential Term Limits The Twenty-Second Amendment The Twenty-Second Amendment formalized the tradition of presidents serving two terms. Prior to Franklin Roosevelt this had not been necessary as every had followed this tradition in practice.
Formal Constitutional Powers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Electoral College ,[object Object]
Electoral College ,[object Object],[object Object]
Evolution of Presidential Powers George Washington 1 st  President 1789-1797 Image from www.wikipedia.org
Evolution of Presidential Powers Thomas  Jefferson 3 rd  President 1801-1809 Image from www.wikipedia.org
Evolution of Presidential Powers Andrew Jackson 7 th  President 1829-1837 Image from www.wikipedia.org
Evolution of Presidential Powers John Tyler 10 th  President 1841-1845 Image from www.wikipedia.org
Evolution of Presidential Powers James K. Polk 11 th  President 1845-1849 Image from www.wikipedia.org
Evolution of Presidential Powers Abraham Lincoln 16 th  President 1861-1865 Image from www.wikipedia.org
Evolution of Presidential Powers Theodore Roosevelt 26 th  President 1901-1909 Image from www.wikipedia.org
Evolution of Presidential Powers Woodrow Wilson 28 th  President 1913-1921 Image from www.wikipedia.org
Evolution of Presidential Powers Franklin D. Roosevelt 32 nd  President 1933-1945 Image from www.wikipedia.org
Evolution of Presidential Powers Images from www.wikipedia.org Imperial Presidents Lyndon B. Johnson & Richard M. Nixon
http://tapes.millercenter.virginia.edu/clips/1964_0809_lbj_haggar/index.htm
Evolution of Presidential Power Images from www.wikipedia.org Reagan and Beyond
Presidential Roles
Chief of State ,[object Object]
Chief of State ,[object Object]
Chief Legislator ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Chief Legislator ,[object Object],From www.newdeal75.org
Chief Legislator
Commander-in-Chief ,[object Object]
Commander-in-Chief In 1973, Congress enacted the War Powers act in order to limit the ability of the president to commit the armed forces of the United States
The Chief Executive ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Chief Executive Executive Order Formal regulation governing executive branch operations issued by the president Cabinet The heads (secretaries) of the executive departments together with other top officials accorded cabinet rank by the president; only occasionally does it meet as a body to advise and support the president
The Chief Executive
Chief Diplomat ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Foreign policy tools

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Presidency