This document provides an overview of gravity and its effects. It discusses Newton's law of universal gravitation, how gravity decreases with distance, tides on Earth caused by the moon's gravity, gravitational fields, Einstein's theory of gravity warping space, and the properties of black holes. Key points include that gravity follows an inverse-square law, the moon causes two high and two low tides per day on Earth, and massive stars that shrink can become black holes with escape velocities greater than light speed.

1. Earth – Moon Gravity Primer The Earth Sucks

3. Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation r m 1 m 2

4. 2. The Universal Gravitational Constant, G

6. Let’s look at the inverse-square nature for the force of gravity. 1 unit 2 units 3 units 4 units

11. Sun Moon SFA

12. Sun Earth Spring Tides SFA New Moon Full Moon First Quarter

13. Sun Earth First Quarter Last Quarter Neap Tides SFA

14. NASA Animation MPEG SFA

23. Bending of Starlight Eye SFA Sun Light from star bent by the gravity of the Sun Apparent position of star in this direction

25. R R R R Remember that the force between the two masses is given by SFA R 2 F R 2 F R 2 F R 2 F which means the force is 64 times larger

27. Near a Black Hole SFA

28. Another Look SFA

30. Chapter 9 Review Questions