The document describes Project SPARC, which provided substance abuse, HIV, and hepatitis prevention education to people involved in the criminal justice system for drug-related crimes. It administered knowledge tests before and after delivering its curriculum via five 2-hour classes or a single 2-hour brief session. Test scores increased significantly from pre- to post-intervention, indicating the program effectively improved knowledge of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis transmission and prevention. The results suggest both curriculum formats were effective for the target populations.

1. Substance Abuse/HIV/Hepatitis Prevention <br />for Adults Reentering the Community <br />(Project SPARC)<br />Background: San Antonio has an AIDS rate of more than 20 per 100,000 people and a hepatitis C rate (3.0) more than double that of the state (1.3), making it an area of great need for HIV and hepatitis prevention services. Within San Antonio, HIV/AIDS and hepatitis disproportionately affect those involved in the correctional system. Of incarcerated adults in Texas, 2% are HIV-positive compared to 0.1% of Texas’ general population. Likewise, incarcerated populations typically have hepatitis C rates 3-5 times that of the general population. A contributing component to this disparity is lack of knowledge regarding the prevention, transmission, and treatment of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis.<br />Definitely InfectiousPre-cumBloodFecesTearsPossibly InfectiousSemenSalivaBreast MilkUrineNot InfectiousSweatVaginal Fluid<br />Objectives: Project SPARC designed and implemented an evidence-based integrated substance abuse, HIV/AIDS, and hepatitis prevention curriculum to people involved in the criminal justice system for drug-related crimes to increase HIV/AIDS and hepatitis knowledge among high-risk individuals. <br />Methods: Project SPARC presented five two-hour classes on substance abuse, HIV, and hepatitis to people involved in drug court and their sexual partners (N=165) (drug court participants) and a single two-hour brief version to people in inpatient drug treatment centers (N=118) (treatment participants). All participants completed a 10-item knowledge test (5 HIV/AIDS questions and 5 hepatitis questions) at enrollment and exit. Each correct answer was given the score of 10; scores were summed to achieve a total score of 0 to 100. T-test analyses were performed to assess change in HIV and hepatitis knowledge pre- and post-intervention.<br />Results: A Paired Sample T-test on all 283 participants showed a mean score of 72.17 at enrollment compared to 82.77 at exit (t[284]=8.87,p<.001). Drug court participants showed a mean score of 74.39 at enrollment and 86.32 at exit (t[165]=8.72, p<.001), while treatment participants showed a mean score of 69.07 at enrollment and 77.81 at exit (t[118]=4.11, p<.001).<br />Conclusions: There was a statistically significant increase of knowledge on HIV/AIDS and hepatitis among SPARC participants after intervention. Also, a breakdown of our intervention participants showed a significant increase of knowledge in both drug court and treatment participants, suggesting both the ten-hour and the two-hour brief curricula were effective in increasing participant knowledge.<br />Implications: Since increased knowledge is a component of the reduction and prevention of HIV and hepatitis, delivery of SPARC curriculum may potentially improve prevention outcomes and contribute to our knowledge base at the national level concerning effective evidence-based programs for adults in the criminal justice system. <br />Match each of these body fluids with a category – Is it definitely, possibly, or not infectious?<br />Rank the following body sites in order of Most Effective to Least Effective site for HIV fluid to get into the bloodstream<br />__Anus<br />__Meatus<br />__Mouth<br />__Vagina<br />__Vein<br />STEPS IN USING A MALE CONDOM<br />