- The document outlines key events and developments during the Protestant Reformation and Catholic Reformation, including Martin Luther's 95 Theses, the printing press spreading Protestant ideas, and new Christian denominations emerging. It also discusses how nationalism contributed to religious divisions, such as each German prince determining the religion of their lands, and England's monarchs changing religions which caused violence. The Catholic Reformation is summarized as establishing the Jesuit order, arguing that clergy and the Bible are sources of God's word, and using the Inquisition against heretics.

1. Reformation Math

2. A. Protestantism
Martin Luther’s 95 Theses

3. Martin Luther’s 95 Theses
+ Gutenberg Printing Press
Faster Spread of Protestant
Ideas
A. Protestantism

4. Kings’ and Princes’ desire
for more power
+ Middle Class desire for less
church taxes
Search for new ways to
decrease Papal Authority
A. Protestantism

5. A. Protestantism
+
=
Faster Spread of Protestant
Ideas
Search for new ways to
decrease Papal Authority
New Christian Denominations
(# of Christian Denominations multiplies)

6. HOLY CATHOLIC
CHURCH
Modern Eastern
Orthodox Church
Orthodox Church
RomanCatholic
Church
Modern Roman
Catholic Church
Church of
England Quakers
Episcopal
Methodists
Pentecostal
Modern Methodist
African Methodist
Episcopal
ReformedChurches
Anabaptist
Baptist
Amish
Mennonite
Presbyterian
Presbyterian
USA
Presbyterian
in the USA
Presbyterian
USA
Lutheran
Modern
Lutheran
DutchReformed
Christian Church
Church of Christ
Disciples of Christ
Reformed Church
in America
Congregationalist
GermanSwiss
Reformed
United Church
of Christ
Unitarians
Partial lineage of the
major Christian
Churches of the 20th
century
The Great
Schism
The
Reformation
A. Protestantism
• Partial lineage of the major Christian
Churches of the 20th century
• adapted from U.S. News & World
Report, March 4, 1991

7. B. Nationalism
1. Division
a) Germany
– princes used religious
followings for political
means
– Catholic and Protestant
lands fought against
each other
i. PEACE OF AUGSBURG
• each prince has the right
to determine the faith of
their lands

8. B. Nationalism
2. Multiplication
a) England (English
Reformation)
– King Henry VIII wanted to
annul his marriage, Pope
says “no”
– Henry VIII forms his own
Church (Anglican Church,
a.k.a. the Church of England)
and annuls his own marriage

9. B. Nationalism
• England’s
monarchs change
back and forth
between
Protestant and
Catholic which
results in much
violence and
bloodshed –
leaves England
divided

10. B. Nationalism
3. Subtraction
a) France
– predominantly Catholic
– Huguenots (French
Calvinists) are attacked
and killed (more than
12,000 in one month)
St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre (August 24, 1572)

11. B. Nationalism
b) Spain (Spanish
Crusade, Reconquista)
– devoutly Catholic
– uses the Inquisition to
eliminate heretics, Jews,
and Muslims (Spanish
Crusade)

12. C. Catholic Reformation
(Council of Trent)
1) Jesuit Order of priests
formed (followers of
Ignatius of Loyola)
– missionaries to teach
and convert
2) Argued that both
clergy and the Bible
are equally legitimate
sources of God’s Word

13. C. Catholic Reformation
(Council of Trent)
3) True indulgences are
“OK”
4) Faith AND Good
works are necessary
for salvation
5) Created “Index of
Forbidden Books”
6) Used the inquisition
to “weed out”
heretics