The unceasing Internet evolution is changing many aspects of our daily life, both personally and professionally. Internet is an extension of our potential, we are experiencing this transformation day by day. In particular, there are two main areas where this change is more tangible: communication and knowledge. We now communicate in a very different way from how we did it years ago. Today chat, Skype and video conferencing seem to be routine; we take for granted the ability to communicate for free with everyone we want, anywhere in the world, relying on network services. We also think and learn in different ways from how we did it time ago. When something is unknown to us, we look for it on the Internet: researches on Google and Wikipedia are part of our typical day, to imagine a world without the Internet appears to be pretty hard. Based on real cases and tracking the main web services trends, this presentation summarizes the impact that Internet evolution had, has and will have on us and in particular on the way we learn and think.

1. Social Knowledge
- an internet driven evolution -
Politecnico di Milano - Michele D’Aliessi - June 2011
Internet is changing
our lives, the way we
communicate, we
learn and we think

2. SUMMARY
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE
WEB 2.0
KNGINE
IBM WATSONWEB 3.0
WEB 4.0WEB 1.0
A NEW KIND OF
INFORMATION
LOOKING FOR
ANSWERS
SOLVING PROBLEMS
SMART WEB
CROWDSOUCING
DISTRIBUTED
KNOWLEDGE
INTERNET OF THINGS
MAKING SENSE

3. GOING DIGITAL
PHYSICAL MEDIA
DIGITAL MEDIA
DIGITAL CARRIER
DISTRIBUTED KNOWLEDGE
NETWORKS
INTERNET
WEB 1.0
GOOGLE
BOOKS
COMPUTERS

4. WEB 1.0
New York Times says
americans are spending more
and more time browsing the
Web.
Tim Berners-­Lee
is now working at
CERN. We all
thanks him for his
brilliant idea.
Search engines are
becoming more and
more quick in
providing results.
More info at
www.google.com
Web 1.0, or web, refers
to the rst stage of the
World Wide Web linking
webpages with
hyperlinks. Hyperlinks
between webpages began
with the release of the
WWW to the public in
1993 describe the Web.
We think users
should be able to
interact with this
content. We are
trying to develop an
interactive platform
The new platform
allows to
distribute all
desired content all
over the world!
It was a
one-­way
communication
NETWORKS
INTERNET
WEB 1.0
GOOGLE
BOOKS
COMPUTERS

5. WEB 1.0
New York Times says
americans are spending more
and more time browsing the
Web.
Tim Berners-­Lee
is now working at
CERN. We all
thanks him for his
brilliant idea.
Search engines are
becoming more and
more quick in
providing results.
More info at
www.google.com
Web 1.0, or web, refers
to the rst stage of the
World Wide Web linking
webpages with
hyperlinks. Hyperlinks
between webpages began
with the release of the
WWW to the public in
1993 describe the Web.
We think users
should be able to
interact with this
content. We are
trying to develop an
interactive platform
The new platform
allows to
distribute all
desired content all
over the world!
It was a
one-­way
communication
NETWORKS
INTERNET
WEB 1.0
GOOGLE
BOOKS
COMPUTERS

6. WEB 1.0
New York Times says
americans are spending more
and more time browsing the
Web.
Tim Berners-­Lee
is now working at
CERN. We all
thanks him for his
brilliant idea.
Search engines are
becoming more and
more quick in
providing results.
More info at
www.google.com
Web 1.0, or web, refers
to the rst stage of the
World Wide Web linking
webpages with
hyperlinks. Hyperlinks
between webpages began
with the release of the
WWW to the public in
1993 describe the Web.
We think users
should be able to
interact with this
content. We are
trying to develop an
interactive platform
The new platform
allows to
distribute all
desired content all
over the world!
It was a
one-­way
communication
NETWORKS
INTERNET
WEB 1.0
GOOGLE
BOOKS
COMPUTERS

7. WEB 1.0
New York Times says
americans are spending more
and more time browsing the
Web.
Tim Berners-­Lee
is now working at
CERN. We all
thanks him for his
brilliant idea.
Search engines are
becoming more and
more quick in
providing results.
More info at
www.google.com
Web 1.0, or web, refers
to the rst stage of the
World Wide Web linking
webpages with
hyperlinks. Hyperlinks
between webpages began
with the release of the
WWW to the public in
1993 describe the Web.
We think users
should be able to
interact with this
content. We are
trying to develop an
interactive platform
The new platform
allows to
distribute all
desired content all
over the world!
It was a
one-­way
communication
“Its universality is essential: the fact that a
hypertext link can point to anything, be it
personal, local or global, be it draft or highly
polished.” (Tim Berners-Lee)
NETWORKS
INTERNET
WEB 1.0
GOOGLE
BOOKS
COMPUTERS

8. SEARCH ENGINES
New York Times
says americans are
Tim
Berners-­
Lee is
Search
engines
are
Web 1.0, or
web, refers to
the rst
stage of the
World Wide
We think
users
should be
The new
platform
allows to
It was a
one-­way
NETWORKS
INTERNET
WEB 1.0
GOOGLE
BOOKS
COMPUTERS

9. WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
WEB 2.0
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE

10. WEB 2.0
FIVE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS:
‣A service oriented,“lite” architecture
‣Data-oriented collaboration
‣Content organization through
nonhierarchical methods
‣Community building and user interaction
‣User as the main contributor
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE

11. WEB 2.0 TECHNOLOGIES
AJAX
web applications can send data to, and retrieve data from, a server
asynchronously (in the background) without interfering with the display
and behavior of the existing page
XML is a set of rules for encoding documents in machine-readable form
JSON
is a lightweight text-based open standard designed for human-readable
data interchange.
FLASH
is a multimedia platform used to add animation, video, and interactivity
to web pages: it supports bidirectional streaming of audio and video, and
it can capture user input via mouse, keyboard, microphone, and camera
FLEX
is a software development kit for the development and
deployment of cross-platform rich Internet applications based on the
Adobe Flash platform
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE

12. CROWDSOUCING
COLLABORATION & COOPERATION
‣ Every user have an active role in surfing the web
‣ A strong psychological boost to "give your contribution" that allows many new applications
‣ Everyone
can
help
to
solve
a
problem,
to
enhance
a
system,
to
improve
a
specific
topic
‣ Solu7ons
are
generated
from
volunteers
or
free
lance
professionals
who
get
paid
only
if
you
use
their
ideas
or
just
do
it
for
free
“Under the right circumstances,
groups are remarkably intelligent, and
are often smarter than the smartest
people in them.”
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE

13. WIKIPEDIA
With 42.9 million unique visitors and
rank #8, Wikipedia surpassed New
York Times (#10) and Apple Inc. (#11)
It continuously changes:
it’s always updated
Information database
World largest encyclopedia with
about 3.6 billions articles
“A free encyclopedia of the
highest possible quality to
every single person on the
planet in their own language”
(Jimmy Wales, 2005)
Reliability problem almost
solved using citations
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE
© 2011 Wikipedia

14. A NEW KIND OF INFORMATION
USER GENERATED CONTENT
‣ Social networks are powered by the need to share or keep in touch
‣ Users are urged to enter personal informations
‣ The network is based on common interests’ sharing
‣ A
huge
amount
of
unique
informa7on
is
created
every
day
‣ Social
networks
provides
a
new
kind
of
informa7on
‣ Informa7on
is
coming
more
and
more
closer
to
us
‣ New
business
models
are
emerging
‣ Privacy
is
becoming
a
highly
discussed
topic
KEEP IN TOUCH
BE CONNECTED
SHARE
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE

15. FACEBOOK
Launched in 2004
Actual CEO is Mark Zuckerberg
The biggest social network ever
created connects people from all
over the world providing updated
friend’s news and a free way to
communicate.While doing this, it’s
trying to create a world social
graph collecting relations between
people.
“The goal of the company is to
help people to share more in
order to make the world more
open and to help promote
understanding between people.”
(Mark Zuckerberg, 2008)
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE
© 2011 Facebook

16. FACEBOOK
Launched in 2004
Actual CEO is Mark Zuckerberg
The biggest social network ever
created connects people from all
over the world providing updated
friend’s news and a free way to
communicate.While doing this, it’s
trying to create a world social
graph collecting relations between
people.
“The goal of the company is to
help people to share more in
order to make the world more
open and to help promote
understanding between people.”
(Mark Zuckerberg, 2008)
INTEGRATED PLATFORM
‣ News about friends
‣ Group and lists management
‣ Integrated chat and mail system
‣ Events planning
‣ Applications
‣ Commercial
and
fan
pages
‣ Specific
and
focused
adver7sement
‣ Ques7on
and
answers
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE
© 2011 Facebook

17. FACEBOOK INFORMATION
SOCIAL GRAPH
FAVORITES
FEELINGS
FAMILY, JOB, ID
MESSAGES
LOCATION
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE

18. LINKEDIN
Launched in 2003
Actual CEO is Jeff Weiner
LinkedIn operates the world’s
largest professional network on
the Internet with more than 100
million members in over 200
states.
“LinkedIn is the office, how you
stay up to date, solve professional
problems.”
(Reid Hoffman, 2009)
WHAT MAKES IT RELEVANT?
‣ Create a “trusted network” of professional contacts
‣ 1st and 2nd degree connections allow to gain introductions
‣ Integrated mail system
‣ Find
jobs,
people
and
business
opportuni7es
‣ Research
companies,
products
and
their
sta7s7cs
‣ Applica7on
plaHorm
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE
© 2011 Linkedin

19. LOOKING FOR ANSWERS
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE

20. LOOKING FOR ANSWERS
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE

21. LOOKING FOR ANSWERS
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE

22. QUORA
Launched in 2010
Actual CEO is Adam D’Angelo
Quora is a continually improving
collection of questions and
answers created, edited, and
organized by every user.
Quora’s team wrote that “the
most important thing is to have
each question page become the
best possible resource for
someone who wants to know
about the question.”
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE
© 2011 Quora

23. SOLVING PROBLEMS
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE

24. INNOCENTIVE
Launched in 2001
Actual CEO is Dwayne Spradlin
InnoCentive is kind of “solutions
marketplace”...
...its proven challenge driven
innovation methodology and
platform connect Seekers
(corporations, governments and
nonprofit) to internal and external
communities of problem Solvers
to find solutions to their most
pressing challenges.
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE
© 2011 Innocentive

25. INNOCENTIVE
Launched in 2001
Actual CEO is Dwayne Spradlin
InnoCentive is kind of “solutions
marketplace”...
...its proven challenge driven
innovation methodology and
platform connect Seekers
(corporations, governments and
nonprofit) to internal and external
communities of problem Solvers
to find solutions to their most
pressing challenges.
WHAT IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AND SOCIETY?
‣ InnoCentive built the first global Web community for
open innovation, enabling scientists, engineers,
professionals and entrepreneurs to collaborate to
deliver solutions for R&D-driven organizations.
‣ The
process
reflects
a
huge
shiK
in
popular
culture,
from
consuming
to
par7cipa7ng
enabled
by
the
interac7vity
characteris7c
of
the
Internet
>>
open-­‐source
science
‣ This
new
“problem
solving”
model
is
a
real
revolu7on,
it
means
that
an
indian
college
student
can
overcome
an
american
40
years
experienced
engineer
solving
the
problem
faster
and
with
less
resources.
WEB 2.0
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE
© 2011 Innocentive

26. WEB 3.0
FROM DOCUMENTS TO THINGS
WHAT’S NEW?
‣ Machine understandable data
‣ Natural language comprehension
‣ Meaning and relation analysis
‣ Smart search engines
‣ Ability to provide exactly what needed
‣ Integrated informations and concrete results
‣ Web
agents
WEB 3.0
KNGINE
IBM WATSON
WEB 4.0
CONCLUSIONS

27. SEMANTIC SEARCH ENGINE
WEB 3.0
KNGINE
IBM WATSON
WEB 4.0
CONCLUSIONS
© 2011 Kngine

28. WEB 3.0 TECHNOLOGIES
Documents marked up with
semantic information
Servers which expose
existing data systems using
the RDF standard
Automated agents to perform
tasks for users of the semantic
web using this data
OWL adds more vocabulary for
describing properties and classes
XML
WEB 3.0
KNGINE
IBM WATSON
WEB 4.0
CONCLUSIONS

29. KIND OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Project started in 2005
Main developer is David Ferrucci
Watson is an artificial intelligence
computer network system capable
of answering questions posed in
natural language, developed in
IBM's DeepQA project.
“We want to develop technologies
for discovering knowledge in
natural language and leveraging
those technologies in a variety of
intelligent search, data analytics,
and knowledge management
solutions” (David Ferrucci, 2007)
WHAT IS WATSON?
‣ Cluster of 90 IBM Power 750 servers for a total of 2880 Power7
cores and 16 terabytes of RAM
‣ Watson can process 500 gigabytes (the equivalent of a million
books) per second
‣ More than 100 different techniques are used to analyze natural
language, identify sources, find and generate hypotheses, find and
score evidence, and merge and rank hypotheses
‣ The sources of information for Watson include encyclopedias,
dictionaries, thesauri, newswire articles and literary works
‣ Watson also use databases, taxonomies, and ontologies
WEB 3.0
KNGINE
IBM WATSON
WEB 4.0
CONCLUSIONS
© 2011 IBM

30. IBM WATSON
WEB 3.0
KNGINE
IBM WATSON
WEB 4.0
CONCLUSIONS
© 2011 IBM

31. IBM WATSON
If used with a small business, Watson could aid with budgeting and
planning where an owner should invest money and estimating what
effects those possible choices may have
Watson can change the human-machines interaction
making it more natural and effective
WHAT WILL THE USE OF THIS TECHNOLOGY BE?
Watson can aid doctors as a diagnostic tool taking into account a
patient’s full medical history while making a diagnosis
WEB 3.0
KNGINE
IBM WATSON
WEB 4.0
CONCLUSIONS

32. WEB 4.0
WEB 3.0
KNGINE
IBM WATSON
WEB 4.0
CONCLUSIONS

33. WEB 4.0
THE INTERNET OF THINGS
WEB 3.0
KNGINE
IBM WATSON
WEB 4.0
CONCLUSIONS

34. WEB 4.0
THE INTERNET OF THINGS
Relaying on each car sent information
it will be possible to handle the traffic
before congestion happens
WEB 3.0
KNGINE
IBM WATSON
WEB 4.0
CONCLUSIONS

35. PEOPLE
CONCLUSIONS: PEOPLE BUSINESS UNIVERSITY
INTERACTION, COLLABORATION, COOPERATION
‣ We depend on each other for knowledge
‣ Social networks: weak links more important than strong ones >> importance of know-who
‣ Closer and truly interesting information
‣ Internet as an application platform
‣ Easy, fast and more effective web
browsing

36. PEOPLE
CONCLUSIONS: PEOPLE BUSINESS UNIVERSITY
INTERACTION, COLLABORATION, COOPERATION
‣ We depend on each other for knowledge
‣ Social networks: weak links more important than strong ones >> importance of know-who
‣ Closer and truly interesting information
‣ Internet as an application platform
‣ Easy, fast and more effective web
browsing
MORE
PRODUCTIVITY

37. PEOPLE
CONCLUSIONS: PEOPLE BUSINESS UNIVERSITY
INTERACTION, COLLABORATION, COOPERATION
‣ We depend on each other for knowledge
‣ Social networks: weak links more important than strong ones >> importance of know-who
‣ Closer and truly interesting information
‣ Internet as an application platform
‣ Easy, fast and more effective web
browsing
MORE
PRODUCTIVITY
MORE
POTENTIAL

38. BUSINESS
CONCLUSIONS: PEOPLE BUSINESS UNIVERSITY
NO MORE SPACE,TIME AND ORGANIZATIONAL BOUNDS
‣ New business models
‣ Moving to people and knowledge based paradigms
‣ From IT-based knowledge management to Community-based knowledge management
‣ Crowdsourcing as an extremely powerful tool
‣ Open-source science and innovation

39. BUSINESS
CONCLUSIONS: PEOPLE BUSINESS UNIVERSITY
NO MORE SPACE,TIME AND ORGANIZATIONAL BOUNDS
‣ New business models
‣ Moving to people and knowledge based paradigms
‣ From IT-based knowledge management to Community-based knowledge management
‣ Crowdsourcing as an extremely powerful tool
‣ Open-source science and innovation
DRIVING INNOVATION TROUGH MASS COLLABORATION
AND CREATIVITY IS KEY FOR STAYING COMPETITIVE

40. UNIVERSITY
CONCLUSIONS: PEOPLE BUSINESS UNIVERSITY
MORE DETAILED, ACCURATE AND UPDATED
INFORMATIONS
‣ New
teaching
and
learning
tools
‣ Interaction and collaboration
‣ From passive to active learning
‣ Again no more space, time and organizational bounds

41. UNIVERSITY
CONCLUSIONS: PEOPLE BUSINESS UNIVERSITY
MORE DETAILED, ACCURATE AND UPDATED
INFORMATIONS
‣ New
teaching
and
learning
tools
‣ Interaction and collaboration
‣ From passive to active learning
‣ Again no more space, time and organizational bounds
DYNAMIC, INTERACTIVE AND UPDATED LESSONS

42. THANKYOU
WIKIPEDIA
FACEBOOK
LINKEDIN
QUORA
INNOCENTIVE
WEB 2.0
KNGINE
IBM WATSONWEB 3.0
WEB 4.0WEB 1.0
© 2011 Michele D’Aliessi