Beyond Afrocentrism: Prerequisites for Somalia to lead African de-colonizatio...
1812, waterloo, and the congress of
1.
2. Outline
Situation in 1811
Objective Moscow
Burning City of Doom
The long Retreat
Coda
Reactionary “Congress”
Soundtrack: “The 1812 Overture” by Pytor
Tchaikovsky
3. Situation in 1811
Napoleon “liberated Poland” from Austria Russia, Prussia with victories in 1805-06
– “Grand Duchy of Warsaw”
4. Run Up to Invasion
• Russians see GD Warsaw as a launching point for
invasion
• Russian Tsar Alexander I Rejects the Continental
System in 1810
– Russia has raw materials, but little commercial base
– Needs trade to prosper
• This aggravates Napoleon, both sides prepare
for war
– Russian Church
– Russian State
5. Napoleon Appeals to Allies
Russia is Backward
Reactionary
People in Bondage
Symbol of Old Europe
6. European Grand Armee
Grand Armee in 1812 was about 600,000
men, of which about half were French
100,000 Germans
100,000 Poles
Over 25,000 of Austrian, Neapolitans, Italians
Figures vary of how much of the army
invaded Russia, but at least 400,000, with
about 200,000 in reserve in Poland
7. The Push
Napoleon’sTroops
invaded Russia in June,
1812.
Russians refuse to fight,
trading space for time,
fighting only at Borodino
Scorched Earth
Skirmishes
Napoleon, frustrated,
pushed toward Moscow,
the ancient Capital of
Russia
8. Logistics
• Russian Roads were
pathetic byW. European
standards
• Slows men down
• But Especially the supply
train
• Army outmarched its
supplies
• Long undefended supply
line from Poland to
Armee
9. Moscow
Napoleon Captures
Moscow in September
City is abandoned and
burns to the ground’
Without a stable base,
Napoleons Men have
to abandon the city
Head home
12. Oh the Humanity..
Charles Joseph Minard’s Famous Diagram depicting the size of the
Grand Armee during the Invasion and retreat
13. Defeat and Waterloo
Napoleon’s forces are routed at the Battle of
Nations in 1813, the Coalition forces capture
Paris in 1814, Has to Abdicate
Exile to Elba
100 days: Returns, raises an Army, and is
defeated again at Waterloo by the Duke of
Wellington
St Helena
15. Congress of Vienna
1814-1815 Meeting of
Represenatives from all
five powers
Russia –Tsar Alexander I
Prussia – King Fredrick
William III
Austria – Klemens von
Metternich
France -Talleyrand
England - Castlereagh
16. Goals of the Powers
Return France to Monarchy
Stabilize Europe the “right” way
Don’t overly embarrass France
King Louis XVIII
Do not want him to fail
Set France’s borders to 1792 – France holds onto
some early gains
After 100 days though, 1790 with occupation force
Bourbon King restored to Spain (1823)
17. Anglo-Austrian Arrangement
Attempt to prevent Prussian
and Russian gains
England argues for decreased
French Navy
The Kingdom of the
Netherlands established
Flanders and Dutch Republic
Austria gains power in Italy
HRE = defunct; Now German
Confederation headed by
Austria and Prussia
18. Summary
Main Goal of the
Congress was toTurn
back the clock on
Enlightenment
Revolution
Republicanism
Also spurs nationalism