6. Fig. 53-4a (a) Clumped

7. Fig. 53-4b (b) Uniform

8. Fig. 53-4c (c) Random

10. Fig. 53-3 Births Births and immigration add individuals to a population. Immigration Deaths and emigration remove individuals from a population. Deaths Emigration

16. Semelparity or Iteroparity

19. Resource Partioning

25. Fig. 53-13b Number of Daphnia /50 mL 0 30 60 90 180 150 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Time (days) (b) A Daphnia population in the lab

30. Metapopulaiton

35. Fig. 53-22 8000 B.C.E. 4000 B.C.E. 3000 B.C.E. 2000 B.C.E. 1000 B.C.E. 0 1000 C.E. 2000 C.E. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 The Plague Human population (billions) 7

37. Fig. 53-23 2005 Projected data Annual percent increase Year 1950 1975 2000 2025 2050 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0

38. Fig. 53-24 1750 1800 1900 1950 2000 2050 Year 1850 Sweden Mexico Birth rate Birth rate Death rate Death rate 0 10 20 30 40 50 Birth or death rate per 1,000 people

40. Fig. 53-25 Rapid growth Afghanistan Male Female Age Age Male Female Slow growth United States Male Female No growth Italy 85+ 80–84 75–79 70–74 60–64 65–69 55–59 50–54 45–49 40–44 35–39 30–34 25–29 20–24 15–19 0–4 5–9 10–14 85+ 80–84 75–79 70–74 60–64 65–69 55–59 50–54 45–49 40–44 35–39 30–34 25–29 20–24 15–19 0–4 5–9 10–14 10 10 8 8 6 6 4 4 2 2 0 Percent of population Percent of population Percent of population 6 6 4 4 2 2 0 8 8 6 6 4 4 2 2 0 8 8

43. Fig. 53-27 Log (g carbon/year) 13.4 9.8 5.8 Not analyzed