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Cholera & bangladesh
- 1. Sujit Dey B.Sc, MT U.S. Embassy-Dhaka Bangladesh
- 2. One of the Youngest Victims
- 3. Cause *Bacterium Vibrio cholerae *This bacteria produces enterotoxin known as cholera toxin
- 4. Biochemical Properties • Gram –negative bacteria • Straight or curved rods • Fermentative and oxidative in metabolism • Oxidase positive
- 6. Pathogenesis Transmitted by the fecal-oral route (Specially Contaminated Water) Adheres and colonizes to the small bowel Secretes the cholerae enterotoxin (CT)
- 8. Symptoms • Massive Watery Diarrhea • Muscle and Stomach Cramp • Vomiting • Fever Later Stage Symptom: * Rice Water Stool
- 9. Diagnosis • Rice Water Stool (Severe watery diarrhea) • Dehydration • Shock • Loss of urine production
- 10. Laboratory Diagnosis A wet mount of liquid stool can be examined microscopically using “Dark Field Condenser” Cholera Bacteria will look like shooting stars
- 12. Stool Culture Used TTGA (Taurocholate Tellurite Gelatin Agar) plates for growth of Vibrio A MacConkey and SS plate is used for the growth of other organism-if present
- 14. When TTGA Positive Confirmed by testing with Cholera Antisera
- 15. Cholera Serotypes Hikozima Ogawa Inaba (Not found in Bangladesh) Ogawa biotype Classical Eltor (Not found in Bangladesh)
- 17. Ogawa: Tetracycline Resistant Inaba: Tetracycline Sensitive (Sensitivity or resistance is not 100%, there is some variations)
- 18. Global Scale
- 19. Treatment • Essentially replacing the lost fluid and electrolytes • Antibiotics
- 21. Treatment
- 23. Prevention • Ensuring personal Hygiene • Treated Water (Boiling and other treatment) • Hand Washing is important
- 24. Prevention • Vaccination if available
- 26. Thank You