1. Macromolecule:
Magnesium
Should be provided in the foods that we eat every
day

2.  Third most abundant mineral in teeth
 One of the major cations in plant & animal tissue
 Essential ion (enzymatic reactions & protein synthesis)
 Found mostly in bones and muscles, cell types and body fluids
 Human body = 20 to 35 mg of Mg
 Essential constituent of bone & soft tissues

3. Functions:
 Regulate body’s nerves &muscles
 Plays a role in protein synthesis
 Activator of numerous coenzymes (carboxylase and co-A)
 Helps in catalyzing the transport of phosphate groups
 Binds mRNA
 Important in synthesis & degradation of DNA
 Critical for normal metabolism& function of the organism

4. Absorption & Excretion
 1/3 is absorbed and utilized in the body
 High intake of other macromolecule (Ca, P, lactose) will
interfere with Mg absorption
 Stored in bone---little excretion through the intestine
 Mg is lost via urine &feces
 Maintenance of the normal level of Mg in the blood
depends on a balance between absorption and renal
excretion of sodium.

5. Magnesium Deficiency
Conditions: Symptoms:
 Chronic malabsoprtion  Hyperexcitability
syndrome
 Behavioral disturbances
 Acute diarrhea
 Weakness
 Chronic renal failure
 Depression
 Chronic alcoholism
 Tremors
 Convulsions

6. Chronic Renal Failure:
Definition: Signs & Symptoms:
 Slow loss of kidney function  Appetite loss
over time
 Nausea
 Headache
Treatment:
 Weight loss
 Controlling blood pressure will
lower further kidney damage
 Eat a healthy balanced diet

7. Chronic Alcoholism
Definition: Signs & Symptoms:
 Primary disease with  Neglecting responsibilities due to
drinking
genetic, psychosocial, and
environmental factors  Tolerance (over time, one needs
influencing its development more and more alcohol to feel
the same effects): 1st major
and manifestations warning sign of alcoholism
 Withdrawal (body is used to
alcohol and experiences
withdrawal symptoms if it’s taken
away): 2nd major warning sign of
alcoholism
 Anxiety
 Depression
 Irritability and so on.

8. Acute Diarrhea
Definition: Signs & Symptoms:
 Abrupt onset of abnormally  Watery stool
high fluid content in the
stool  Abdominal pain
 Fever
Treatment:
 dehydration
 Fluid and electrolyte
replacement
 Dietary modifications
 Drug therapy

9. Chronic malabsorption syndrome
Definition: Signs & Symptoms:
 Alteration in the ability of  Diarrhea
the intestine to absorb
nutrients adequately into  Bloating
the bloodstream
 Flatulence
Treatment:  Weight loss
 Fluid and nutrient  cramping
replacement

10. Hypomagnesemia
Definition: Signs & Symptoms:
 Low levels of Magnesium in  Muscle Weakness
the blood
 Convulsions
 Often leads to
hypocalcemia (inhibition of  Fatigue
parathyroid hormone; does
not resolve until the
magnesium deficiency has Treatment:
been corrected)  Food sources rich in
Magnesium should be
obtained in the diet

11. Sources Dietary allowance
 Mustard greens  Male: 350 mg
 Whole grains  Females: 300 mg
 Nuts
 Soybeans
 Green leafy veggies

12. Thank you and
have a good day.
