1. Station 1: Conduction DemoEnter at least three data points for the time that you are at the station, all at least 1 min apart
Time: Container A Temperature Container B Temperature
2. Station 2: Greenhouse Effect
Animation
http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/ClimateChange
3. Station 3: Analysis Questions
Make a concept map of the following terms:
Radiation, Convection, Conduction, Absorption,
Reflection, Scattering, Albedo, Electromagnetic
Spectrum, Infrared rays, Visible Light, UV rays,
Greenhouse Effect, Global Warming
4. Station 4: Coriolis Effect Demo
1. Clear the erasable trace-recording surface so no marks are visible. Do this by
lifting up the clear, pink film on the turntable
2. Put the launcher on the turntable with the open end aimed towards the center.
3. Place the steel ball onto the top of the launcher so that it is free to roll out.
4. Without rotating the turntable, allow the ball to roll from the edge of the
launcher across the turntable’s surface.
5. Sketch the trace on your data page.
6. Without clearing the table, turn the table counter clockwise and release the ball.
7. Sketch the track on your data page.
8. Place the launcher in the center and aim towards the edge. The launcher is now
the North pole and edge is the equator.
9. Turn the table counterclockwise and release the ball.
10. Sketch the track on your data page. Compare it against previous spins.
11. Clear the turntable and put the launcher on the edge aiming towards the middle.
12. Spin clockwise and release the ball.
13. Sketch the track on your data page.
14. Place launcher in the center and aim out. Spin clockwise and release the ball.
15. Sketch the track on your data page.
5. Coriolis effect is an inertial force described by the 19th-century French engineer-
mathematician Gustave-Gaspard Coriolis in 1835. Coriolis showed that, if the ordinary Newtonian laws
of motion of bodies are to be used in a rotating frame of reference, an inertial force--acting to the right
of the direction of body motion for counterclockwise rotation of the reference frame or to the left for
clockwise rotation--must be included in the equations of motion.
The effect of the Coriolis force is an apparent deflection of the path of an object that moves
within a rotating coordinate system. The object does not actually deviate from its path, but it appears
to do so because of the motion of the coordinate system.
The Coriolis effect is most apparent in the path of an object moving longitudinally. On the
Earth an object that moves along a north-south path, or longitudinal line, will undergo apparent
deflection to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. There
are two reasons for this phenomenon: first, the Earth rotates eastward; and second, the tangential
velocity of a point on the Earth is a function of latitude (the velocity is essentially zero at the poles and
it attains a maximum value at the Equator). Thus, if a cannon were fired northward from a point on the
Equator, the projectile would land to the east of its due north path. This variation would occur because
the projectile was moving eastward faster at the Equator than was its target farther north. Similarly, if
the weapon were fired toward the Equator from the North Pole, the projectile would again land to the
right of its true path. In this case, the target area would have moved eastward before the shell reached
it because of its greater eastward velocity. An exactly similar displacement occurs if the projectile is
fired in any direction.
The Coriolis deflection is therefore related to the motion of the object, the motion of the
Earth, and the latitude. For this reason, the magnitude of the effect is given by 2 sin , in which is the
velocity of the object, is the angular velocity of the Earth, and is the latitude.
The Coriolis effect has great significance in astrophysics and stellar dynamics, in which it is a
controlling factor in the directions of rotation of sunspots. It is also significant in the earth sciences,
especially meteorology, physical geology, and oceanography, in that the Earth is a rotating frame of
reference, and motions over the surface of the Earth are subject to acceleration from the force
indicated. Thus, the Coriolis force figures prominently in studies of the dynamics of the atmosphere, in
which it affects prevailing winds and the rotation of storms, and in the hydrosphere, in which it affects
the rotation of the oceanic currents.
6.
7. Station 5: Carbon Cycle Animation
http://www.kidsnewsroom.org/climatechange/animations.html
8. Station 6: Analysis Questions
Insolation is a measure of the amount or
intensity of solar radiation that an area is
receiving. The more direct the sunlight that
comes in, the higher the amount of insolation.
In the space below, draw a diagram of the Earth
and the sun. Include the position and tilt of the
Earth at both summer and winter. In the spaces
below it, explain how the seasons are created
using the concept of insolation.
15. Station 13: Solar Absorption DemoRecord at least three data points from your time at the station, all at least one minute apart
Time: Land Temperature Water Temperature
16. Station 14: Local Winds Animation
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1903/e
s1903page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
