NFPA 1141, Standard for Fire Protection Infrastructure for Land Development in Suburban and Rural Areas, and NFPA 1144, Standard for Reducing Structure Ignition Hazards from Wildland Fire, provide the framework for the principles and sciene behind the Firewise program. See how the NFPA standards development process is utilized to incorporate current information into the standards that provide the blueprint for the development of Firewise homes and communities.
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NFPA's Backyards & Beyond Conference - National Wildland Fire Safety Standards: Developing and Using NFPA 1141 & 1144
1. NATIONAL
WILDLAND FIRE SAFTEY
STANDARDS:
Developing and Using NFPA 1141
and 1144
Ryan Depew
NFPA Staff
2. Wildland Fire Safety Standards
• Standardization and Utilization
• NFPA 1141 Overview
• NFPA 1144 Overview
• Brief Overview of Standards Development
• How YOU Can Get Involved!
3. What are NFPA Standards?
• Standard - A document, the main text of
which contains only mandatory provisions
using the word “shall” to indicate
requirements and which is in a form generally
suitable for mandatory reference by another
standard or code or for adoption into law.
4. Wildland Fire Safety Standards
• NFPA 1141: Standard for Fire Protection
Infrastructure for Land Development in
Wildland, Rural, and Suburban Areas, 2012
Edition
• www.nfpa.org/1141
• NFPA 1144: Standard for Reducing Structure
Ignition Hazards from Wildland Fire, 2008 Edition
• www.nfpa.or/144
5. NFPA 1141
Fire Protection Infrastructure
for Land Development in
Wildland, Rural, and
Suburban Areas, 2012
6. Utilizing NFPA 1141
• Planners, Developers, and Communities
–Means of Access/Egress
–Building Separation
–Fire Protection
–Water Supply
–Community Safety and Emergency
Preparedness
10. www.nfpa.org/1141
• NFPA 1141: Standard for Fire Protection
Infrastructure for Land Development in
Wildland, Rural, and Suburban Areas, 2012
Edition
• AHJ’s, Planners, Developers, and Communities
11. www.nfpa.org/1141
Main Topics
• Means of Access
• Building Separation
• Fire Protection
• Water Supply
• Community Safety and Emergency
Preparedness
12. www.nfpa.org/1141
• Chapter 5 Means of Access
– Number of Access Routes
– Roadway Requirements
– Grades – 10%
– Dead Ends – Turn Arounds
– Fire Lanes
– Parking Lots
14. www.nfpa.org/1141
• Chapter 6 Building Access and Separation
– Fire Apparatus Access – Proximity to Structure
• 150’ to all exterior walls, 300’ with NFPA 13, 13R
– 30 feet between structures
– 30 feet from property line
15. Bastrop County Complex Fire
September 2011
• Over 34,000 Acres
Burned (Approx. 55
sq. miles)
• Over 1500 Structures
Lost
21. www.nfpa.org/1141
• Chapter 7 Fire Protection
– Sprinkler Systems, Standpipe Systems, Warning
Systems
• Chapter 8 Water Supply
– Municipal systems, Fire Hydrants, Modifications
• Chapter 9 Fire Protection During Construction
– Jobsite Cleanliness, Extinguishers
22. www.nfpa.org/1141
• Chapter 10 Community Safety and Emergency
Preparedness
• Assessment of Hazards
• Development of Operational Plan
– Command & Training
– Public Notification & Education
– Safety & Evacuation
– Mutual Aid Resources
23. www.nfpa.org/1144
• NFPA 1144: Standard for Reducing Structure
Ignition Hazards from Wildland Fire, 2008
Edition
• Homeowners/Property Owners
26. www.nfpa.org/1144
• Chapter 4 Assessing Wildland Fire Hazards in
the Structure Ignition Zone
– From Chimney to Eaves
– From Top of Exterior Wall to Foundation
– From Foundation to Immediate Landscape
– From Immediate Landscape to 200’
– Mitigation Plan
51. www.nfpa.org/1144
• Home Ignition Zone 1: The home and its
immediate surroundings, up to approximately
30 feet.
– Low-flammability plants, landscaping
materials, accessories
– Prune limbs 10 ft. from ground; generous space
between trees
– Mow, prune, and water regularly
– NO firewood or propane tanks
52. www.nfpa.org/1144
• Home Ignition Zone 2: 30 to 100 ft from home
– 30 ft between tree clusters; 20 ft between
individual trees
– Fuel breaks
– Branches and leaves 6 to 10 feet from ground
– Remove heavy accumulation of flammable debris
53. www.nfpa.org/1144
• Home Ignition Zone 3: 100 to 200 ft from
home
– Remove heavy accumulation of woody debris
– Remove smaller conifers growing between trees
– Reduce density of taller trees
56. The NFPA Process
• Who Writes the
Standard?
• How Does it Work?
• How Can YOU
Participate?
57. NFPA Process:
Who Writes the Standards?
NFPA Technical Committees
• “Consensus bodies”
• Typical maximum size of 30
• Overall; ~ 7,000 Volunteers
• ~ 225 Technical
Committees, balanced by interest
categories
• ~ 350 Codes & Standards
58. NFPA Process:
NFPA 1141 & NFPA 144
• Technical Committee on Forest
and Rural Fire Protection
• TC Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on fire protection for
rural, suburban, forest, grass, brush, and tundra areas.
This Committee shall also have primary responsibility
for documents on Class A foam and water enhancing
gels, and their utilization for all wildland and structural
fire fighting. This excludes fixed fire protection systems.
59. NFPA Process: Five Steps
1) Call for Proposals
2) Report on Proposals (ROP)
3) Report on Comments (ROC)
4) Technical Committee Report (TCR) Session of
the Annual Meeting
5) Standards Council Consideration/Issuance
60. NFPA Process:
Getting Involved
• Public Proposals
• Public Comments
• Committee Membership
• www.nfpa.org
– Document Information
– Proposal and Comment Forms
– Application for TC Membership
61. NFPA Process:
Upcoming Changes
• Re-engineering of the Process
• Board of Directors – Approved November
2010
• Regulations Governing the Development of
NFPA Standards (Fall 2013 Cycle)
– Take Advantage of Technology
– Online Submission for Ease of Use
– Living Document for TC Work
62. Wildland Fire Safety Standards
• Standardization and Utilization
• NFPA 1141 Overview
• NFPA 1144 Overview
• Brief Overview of Standards Development
• How YOU Can Get Involved!
63. Wildland Fire Safety Standards
• NFPA 1141: Standard for Fire Protection
Infrastructure for Land Development in
Wildland, Rural, and Suburban Areas, 2012
Edition
• www.nfpa.org/1141
• NFPA 1144: Standard for Reducing Structure
Ignition Hazards from Wildland Fire, 2008 Edition
• www.nfpa.or/144
64. NFPA Standards:
www.nfpa.org/DOC#
• NFPA 1142: Standard on Water Supplies for
Suburban and Rural Fire Fighting
• NFPA 1143: Standard for Wildland Fire
Management
• NFPA 1051: Standard for Wildland Fire Fighter
Professional Qualifications
• NFPA 1977: Standard on Protective Clothing and
Equipment for Wildland Fire Fighting
• NFPA 1984: Standard on Respirators for Wildland
Fire Fighting Operations
Planners, Developers, and CommunitiesMeans of Access/EgressBuilding Separation Fire ProtectionWater SupplyCommunity Safety and Emergency Preparedness
NFPA 1141 provides planners, developers, and communities with information needed to develop fire protection and emergency services infrastructure to reduce the fire damage potential and other impacts of land use changes on a given area. Suburban and rural areas that have inadequate fire department resources, extended fire department response time, limited access, and unusual terrain need to plan ahead in order to prevent loss of life and property as a result of wildfire. The standard directs the user on topics such as means of access, building separation, fire protection, water supply, emergency preparedness, and fire department capabilities.
NFPA 1144, Standard for Reducing Structure Ignition Hazards from Wildland Fire, provides the user with the necessary information to conduct a thorough review of a structure and take subsequent actions to protect that structure from wildfire. The standard focuses on the area surrounding the structure, known as the structure ignition zone, which expands outward approximately 200 ft. and 360 degrees around the structure. Proper design features, construction materials, landscaping, and fuel modification techniques throughout the structure ignition zone are all detailed within the standard.
NFPA 1144 provides us as homeowners with all the information we need to defend our homes. You can see by the diagram here that there are three major topics covered by the standardBuilding design – which discusses building location for new homes, fire resistant construction materials for new homes and renovations of existing homes Fuel modification considerations within the three main areas of the structure ignition zone, including landscaping tips, descriptions of fire loving vegetation, and suggested fire resistant vegetation ideal for replacing other fire loving fuels. And the biggest piece of the puzzle…Assessing the structure ignition zone and identifying hazards by conducting a review of your property and surrounding areas
In addition to all of the descriptive information with in the standard, you will find sample review sheets used in the field to conduct a home review. This will help to guide your review of the structure ignition zone, identify hazards, and conduct a more thorough review. Ultimately this standard will empower you to take further action to protect your home by providing you with the knowledge and tools to determine what potential risks lie within your structure ignition zone. (After Evaluation Forms Slide)With that being said, we now know what to do… manage the fuels. We know where to do it… the structure ignition zone. And we know that utilizing NFPA 1144 as a blueprint can give Youthe Power to Protect Your Property!
This is the homeowner’s area of defensible space. Within these areas we want to defend our home with the 3 R’s of defensible space landscapingRemoval of dead vegetation, fire loving vegetation, and unnecessary fuel sourcesReduction of healthy vegetation, overgrown areas, and other ignition source risk factorsReplacement of fire loving vegetation with more fire resistant vegetation
Writing of the standard is overseen by TC. Anyone can get involved….