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Coaching Writers
   Print & Online




  Michael Roberts, The Arizona Republic
Choose a suitable design and hold to it. A basic
structural design underlies every kind of writing.
Writing, to be effective, must follow closely the
thoughts of the writer, but not necessarily in the order
in which those thoughts occur. This calls for a scheme
or procedure…planning must be a deliberate prelude
to writing. The first principle of composition, therefore,
is to foresee or determine the shape of what is to
come and pursue that shape.
  -- William Strunk, E.B. White, The Elements of Style
Most editing books work on the assumption that any
editor can change any story in any way, and that
reporters can improve their work by reading the
changes in the paper the next day, intuiting the
concepts behind them and applying them in the next
story. Missing from this scenario is one human being
talking to another. Coaching involves nothing more
than talking with writers in certain ways.
      -- Roy Peter Clark and Don Fry, Coaching Writers
The good editor is prepared for the copy’s arrival. He
or she will have worked with the writer planning and
conceiving the idea, monitoring the reporting, and
collaborating on possible approaches to the writing.
-- Carl Sessions Stepp, Editing for Today’s Newsroom
Coaching Print & Online
Coaching: 5 Stages of a Story



Idea   Report   Organize   Draft   Revise
Inverted Pyramid



Most important information

   Next most important

     Less important

     Less important

     Least important
Block


Overview / Central point



      Sub-point 1



      Sub-point 2



      Sub-point 3



       Summary
Layer Cake

     Scene
Background info

     Scene

Background info

     Scene

Background info

     Scene

Background info

Scene conclusion
Wine Glass


Summary of entire story
  Begins at the end
   Segues to start


        Start
        Next
        Next
        Next
        Next
        Next
        Next



   Ending / Kicker
Coaching Print & Online
Coaching: 5 Stages of a Story



  Idea     Report   Organize   Draft   Revise
Organize
Coaching Print & Online
Coaching Print & Online
Coaching Print & Online
Coaching Print & Online
Coaching Print & Online
CUTLINE 1: (Petri dish)

Take a rare tour inside an anthrax lab. Northern Arizona University has the world's largest
collection of anthrax with about 2,000 strains. This photo shows gray colonies of Bacillus anthracis,
the bacterium that causes anthrax.


CUTLINE 1 REVISED: (Keim and vial)

Professor Paul Keim of Northern Arizona University played a key role in analyzing anthrax from the
2001 letter attacks, the worst biological attacks in U.S. history. Twenty-two people were infected
and five died. Keim’s work made his NAU laboratory one of the leading anthrax research centers in
the world. Keim is moving to a new NAU lab in 2008 that will allow him to expand his research on
other dangerous germs. Keim is pictured here with a magnified photo of a vial that contains a
sample of spinal fluid taken from a Florida photo editor who died of anthrax in the 2001 attacks.
Coaching Print & Online
Play Slide Show
Deer Valley HS JROTC
Deer Valley High School's Air Force JROTC program offers students a chance to learn
military customs, discipline, leadership skills and teamwork. This year 85 students enrolled in
the elective program, some with the goal of joining the military after graduation. The program
can be demanding and not everyone makes it to the end. Here cadets march in the Heart of
Valor Veterans Day parade in Phoenix, including Jake Suss (front), Michael Campos (left),
and Ethan McMannis (right).
Video story forms




Event             Guide         Profile




  Slice of life      Man on the street
Video story forms

Event: One-time event. Ongoing, recurring event.

Guide: Tour. Orientation. Consumer or participant
information. How-to.

Profile: Person. Place. Organization.

Slice of life: Sights and sounds, often of the familiar.

Man on the street: Quotes and views from people.
Morning                                                        Morning


 Advance       News Post      Update          Update            Print

Story          1-2 graphs   Story (A)      Story (A)        Story (B)
Photo          Photo                       (new lede)
Video                       Photos         Photos           Photos
Alt story form              Slide show     Slide show       Alt story form
                            Video          Video            Online links
                            Blog           Blog             Poll results
                            Alt story form Alt story form
                            Link set       Link set
                            Live feed      Live feed
                            Guestbook      Guestbook
                            Poll           Poll
Example: Arizona Urban Land Institute


 Advance      News Post     Update      Update         Print

Advance       2 graphs    Story (A)   Story (A)    Story (B)
                                      (new lede)
Twitter       Twitter     Link set    Link set     Alt story form

                          Blog        Blog         Online links
Coaching Print & Online
Coaching Print & Online
Coaching Print & Online
By Catherine Reagor
The Arizona Republic
  Metro Phoenix's real-estate recovery is
further off than expected.
  Top analysts and economists at Urban
Land Arizona's annual conference
Thursday said that the Valley's real-estate
market will continue to slow this year and
in 2010. A significant increase in home
prices and sales likely won't happen until
2012.
  Here's why a recovery will take longer
than a year or two: The foreclosure
problem won't go away this year and will
continue to push down home values. And
the Valley's dependence on the three
industries that led the nation into
recession -- construction, housing and
financial services -- will make any
recovery more difficult.
Example: Cardinals return from Super Bowl


 Advance   News Post       Update         Update           Print

Advance    Story (A)     Story          Story          Story (B)
           (no parade)   (huge crowd)   (huge crowd)

           Poll          Poll           Poll           Online links
           (on parade)   Photos         Slide show
           Live video    Live video
Coaching Print & Online
Coaching Print & Online
Coaching Print & Online
Coaching Print & Online
Coaching Print & Online
Exercise: Your stories

Advance   News Post    Update         Update   Print


                  Anticipated story




            Enterprise off the news story

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Coaching Print & Online

  • 1. Coaching Writers Print & Online Michael Roberts, The Arizona Republic
  • 2. Choose a suitable design and hold to it. A basic structural design underlies every kind of writing. Writing, to be effective, must follow closely the thoughts of the writer, but not necessarily in the order in which those thoughts occur. This calls for a scheme or procedure…planning must be a deliberate prelude to writing. The first principle of composition, therefore, is to foresee or determine the shape of what is to come and pursue that shape. -- William Strunk, E.B. White, The Elements of Style
  • 3. Most editing books work on the assumption that any editor can change any story in any way, and that reporters can improve their work by reading the changes in the paper the next day, intuiting the concepts behind them and applying them in the next story. Missing from this scenario is one human being talking to another. Coaching involves nothing more than talking with writers in certain ways. -- Roy Peter Clark and Don Fry, Coaching Writers
  • 4. The good editor is prepared for the copy’s arrival. He or she will have worked with the writer planning and conceiving the idea, monitoring the reporting, and collaborating on possible approaches to the writing. -- Carl Sessions Stepp, Editing for Today’s Newsroom
  • 6. Coaching: 5 Stages of a Story Idea Report Organize Draft Revise
  • 7. Inverted Pyramid Most important information Next most important Less important Less important Least important
  • 8. Block Overview / Central point Sub-point 1 Sub-point 2 Sub-point 3 Summary
  • 9. Layer Cake Scene Background info Scene Background info Scene Background info Scene Background info Scene conclusion
  • 10. Wine Glass Summary of entire story Begins at the end Segues to start Start Next Next Next Next Next Next Ending / Kicker
  • 12. Coaching: 5 Stages of a Story Idea Report Organize Draft Revise Organize
  • 18. CUTLINE 1: (Petri dish) Take a rare tour inside an anthrax lab. Northern Arizona University has the world's largest collection of anthrax with about 2,000 strains. This photo shows gray colonies of Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that causes anthrax. CUTLINE 1 REVISED: (Keim and vial) Professor Paul Keim of Northern Arizona University played a key role in analyzing anthrax from the 2001 letter attacks, the worst biological attacks in U.S. history. Twenty-two people were infected and five died. Keim’s work made his NAU laboratory one of the leading anthrax research centers in the world. Keim is moving to a new NAU lab in 2008 that will allow him to expand his research on other dangerous germs. Keim is pictured here with a magnified photo of a vial that contains a sample of spinal fluid taken from a Florida photo editor who died of anthrax in the 2001 attacks.
  • 21. Deer Valley HS JROTC
  • 22. Deer Valley High School's Air Force JROTC program offers students a chance to learn military customs, discipline, leadership skills and teamwork. This year 85 students enrolled in the elective program, some with the goal of joining the military after graduation. The program can be demanding and not everyone makes it to the end. Here cadets march in the Heart of Valor Veterans Day parade in Phoenix, including Jake Suss (front), Michael Campos (left), and Ethan McMannis (right).
  • 23. Video story forms Event Guide Profile Slice of life Man on the street
  • 24. Video story forms Event: One-time event. Ongoing, recurring event. Guide: Tour. Orientation. Consumer or participant information. How-to. Profile: Person. Place. Organization. Slice of life: Sights and sounds, often of the familiar. Man on the street: Quotes and views from people.
  • 25. Morning Morning Advance News Post Update Update Print Story 1-2 graphs Story (A) Story (A) Story (B) Photo Photo (new lede) Video Photos Photos Photos Alt story form Slide show Slide show Alt story form Video Video Online links Blog Blog Poll results Alt story form Alt story form Link set Link set Live feed Live feed Guestbook Guestbook Poll Poll
  • 26. Example: Arizona Urban Land Institute Advance News Post Update Update Print Advance 2 graphs Story (A) Story (A) Story (B) (new lede) Twitter Twitter Link set Link set Alt story form Blog Blog Online links
  • 30. By Catherine Reagor The Arizona Republic Metro Phoenix's real-estate recovery is further off than expected. Top analysts and economists at Urban Land Arizona's annual conference Thursday said that the Valley's real-estate market will continue to slow this year and in 2010. A significant increase in home prices and sales likely won't happen until 2012. Here's why a recovery will take longer than a year or two: The foreclosure problem won't go away this year and will continue to push down home values. And the Valley's dependence on the three industries that led the nation into recession -- construction, housing and financial services -- will make any recovery more difficult.
  • 31. Example: Cardinals return from Super Bowl Advance News Post Update Update Print Advance Story (A) Story Story Story (B) (no parade) (huge crowd) (huge crowd) Poll Poll Poll Online links (on parade) Photos Slide show Live video Live video
  • 37. Exercise: Your stories Advance News Post Update Update Print Anticipated story Enterprise off the news story